Evaluation of Kidney Function and Chronic Kidney Disease
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199948949.003.0040
The kidneys normally perform several essential functions: maintain a constant extracellular environment, secrete multiple hormones, catabolize peptide hormones, and synthesize glucose in fasting conditions. The kidneys help maintain normal body function and homeostasis by directly interacting with other organ systems, including the cardiovascular, nervous (eg, brain), gastrointestinal tract (eg, liver), blood, pulmonary, and muscular systems. This chapter has three goals: define normal kidney function; cite methods to evaluate kidney function, including estimation of glomerular filtration rate, urinalysis, and renal imaging; and discuss the definition, causes, and treatment of chronic kidney disease.
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