Cervical Transforaminal/Nerve Root Injections: Fluoroscopy
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199908004.003.0004
This chapter reviews relevant anatomic features of the cervical spine. Discussion of details of preoperative evaluation, operative positioning, and necessary optimization of radiographic features with c-arm manipulation follows. Details of technique including use of radiocontrast injection and digital subtraction angiography are discussed in the context of optimal techniques to avoid and minimize complications. Lastly, efficacy and outcomes are discussed briefly.
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