- Preface
- Abbreviations
- Contributors
- Chapter 1 Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction
- Chapter 2 The motor unit
- Chapter 3 Motor control: spinal and cortical mechanisms
- Chapter 4 Cortical activity: single cell, cell assemblages, and networks
- Chapter 5 Recording of neural signals, neural activation, and signal processing
- Chapter 6 Nerve conduction studies
- Chapter 7 Electromyography
- Chapter 8 Quantitative electromyography
- Chapter 9 Axonal excitability: molecular basis and assessment in the clinic
- Chapter 10 Reflex studies
- Chapter 11 Electroencephalography
- Chapter 12 Intracranial electroencephalographic recordings
- Chapter 13 Magnetoencephalography
- Chapter 14 Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Chapter 15 Evoked potentials
- Chapter 16 Polysomnography and other investigations for sleep disorders
- Chapter 17 Clinical neurophysiology of the pelvic floor
- Chapter 18 The clinical approach to neurophysiology
- Chapter 19 Focal neuropathies
- Chapter 20 Generalized peripheral neuropathies
- Chapter 21 Disorders of single nerves, roots, and plexuses
- Chapter 22 Neurophysiology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor degenerations
- Chapter 23 Clinical aspects of neuromuscular junction disorders
- Chapter 24 Primary muscle diseases
- Chapter 25 Paediatric conditions
- Chapter 26 EMG-guided botulinum toxin therapy
- Chapter 27 Genetic generalized epilepsy
- Chapter 28 Focal epilepsy
- Chapter 29 Syncope
- Chapter 30 Convulsive and non-convulsive status epilepticus
- Chapter 31 Presurgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery
- Chapter 32 Encephalopathy, central nervous system infections, and coma
- Chapter 33 Migraine, stroke, and cerebral ischaemia
- Chapter 34 Electroclinical features of paediatric conditions
- Chapter 35 Sleep disorders
- Chapter 36 Intraoperative monitoring
- Index
(p. 163) Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Chapter:
- (p. 163) Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Author(s):
Kerry R. Mills
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0014
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been exploited to advance knowledge of corticospinal physiology and, in a number of conditions, to aid diagnosis and quantify corticospinal abnormalities. The basic physics of magnetic stimulation is described along with the effects of stimulating coils with different dimensions and shape. The effects of single TMS pulses over motor cortex to cause a descending volley of D and I waves, and their effects on spinal motor neurons resulting in a motor evoked potential (MEP) are described. Guidelines for the safe use of TMS are given. Methods to estimate useful clinical measures of corticospinal function, such as threshold, MEP amplitude, central motor conduction time, silent period and input:output relation are given, as is the means to quantify corticospinal conduction using the triple stimulation technique. The clinical utility of TMS in neurodegenerations, central demyelinating diseases, stroke, spinal cord disease, movement disorders, and functional disorders is discussed.
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- Preface
- Abbreviations
- Contributors
- Chapter 1 Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction
- Chapter 2 The motor unit
- Chapter 3 Motor control: spinal and cortical mechanisms
- Chapter 4 Cortical activity: single cell, cell assemblages, and networks
- Chapter 5 Recording of neural signals, neural activation, and signal processing
- Chapter 6 Nerve conduction studies
- Chapter 7 Electromyography
- Chapter 8 Quantitative electromyography
- Chapter 9 Axonal excitability: molecular basis and assessment in the clinic
- Chapter 10 Reflex studies
- Chapter 11 Electroencephalography
- Chapter 12 Intracranial electroencephalographic recordings
- Chapter 13 Magnetoencephalography
- Chapter 14 Transcranial magnetic stimulation
- Chapter 15 Evoked potentials
- Chapter 16 Polysomnography and other investigations for sleep disorders
- Chapter 17 Clinical neurophysiology of the pelvic floor
- Chapter 18 The clinical approach to neurophysiology
- Chapter 19 Focal neuropathies
- Chapter 20 Generalized peripheral neuropathies
- Chapter 21 Disorders of single nerves, roots, and plexuses
- Chapter 22 Neurophysiology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and other motor degenerations
- Chapter 23 Clinical aspects of neuromuscular junction disorders
- Chapter 24 Primary muscle diseases
- Chapter 25 Paediatric conditions
- Chapter 26 EMG-guided botulinum toxin therapy
- Chapter 27 Genetic generalized epilepsy
- Chapter 28 Focal epilepsy
- Chapter 29 Syncope
- Chapter 30 Convulsive and non-convulsive status epilepticus
- Chapter 31 Presurgical evaluation for epilepsy surgery
- Chapter 32 Encephalopathy, central nervous system infections, and coma
- Chapter 33 Migraine, stroke, and cerebral ischaemia
- Chapter 34 Electroclinical features of paediatric conditions
- Chapter 35 Sleep disorders
- Chapter 36 Intraoperative monitoring
- Index