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Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction 

Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction
Chapter:
Nerve, muscle, and neuromuscular junction
Author(s):

Machiel J. Zwarts

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0001
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date: 31 October 2020

Essential to all living creatures is the ability to convey information. In addition motor responses are required, for example running. This all is possible due to the ability of specialized cells to conduct information along the cell membrane by means of action potentials (AP) made possible by the charged cell membrane, which has selective permeability for different ions. Voltage and ligand sensitive ion channels are responsible for sudden changes in selective permeability of the membrane resulting in local depolarization of the membrane. The neuromuscular junction is a highly specialized region of the distal motor axon that is responsible for the transferring of activation from nerve to muscle. All these systems and subsystems can fail and a thorough understanding is necessary in order to understand the changes a clinical neurophysiologist can encounter while recording from the human nervous system in cases of disorders of brain, nerve and muscle.

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