- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- List of contributors
- Glossary
- Case 1 Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown head and neck primary site
- Case 2 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Case 3 Small cell lung cancer during pregnancy
- Case 4 Breast metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer
- Case 5 Lung cancer in non-smokers
- Case 6 Single brain metastasis from breast cancer
- Case 7 Breast cancer at a nuclear power station
- Case 8 Oesophagus
- Case 9 Stomach
- Case 10 Neuroendocrine tumour
- Case 11 A patient presenting with painless jaundice
- Case 12 Colon cancer
- Case 13 Rectal cancer
- Case 14 Anal cancer
- Case 15 Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in an adult
- Case 16 Prostate cancer
- Case 17 Testicular cancer
- Case 18 Cervical cancer
- Case 19 Ovarian cancer
- Case 20 Cancer in a renal transplant recipient
- Case 21 Melanoma
- Case 22 Merkel cell carcinoma
- Case 23 Soft tissue sarcoma
- Case 24 Bone sarcoma
- Case 25 Brain tumour
- Case 26 Hodgkin lymphoma
- Case 27 Solitary plasmacytoma
- Case 28 Clinical trial
- Case 29 A jejunal tumour
- Case 30 The role of specialist palliative care
- List of cases by diagnosis
- List of cases by principal clinical features at presentation (case numbers in italics)
- List of cases by aetiological mechanism (case numbers in italics)
- Index
(p. 137) Anal cancer
- Chapter:
- (p. 137) Anal cancer
- Author(s):
Debashis Biswas
and Thankamma Ajithkumar
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199664535.003.0014
The incidence of anal cancer is increasing globally. The two important risk factors of anal cancer are human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and immunosuppression. 50% of patients present with localised disease and 30% have regional nodal disease. Radical radiotherapy with concomitant chemotherapy using 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C (MMC) is the standard treatment of localised disease. With this approach a significant proportion of patients maintains sphincter function and avoids colonostomy. Studies using alternative chemotherapy regimens are not proven to be superior. The optimal time to assess treatment response and plan salvage surgery remains controversial. Patients with advanced disease or recurrence after radical chemoradiotherapy are treated with abdomino-pelvic resection.
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- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Abbreviations
- List of contributors
- Glossary
- Case 1 Squamous cell carcinoma of unknown head and neck primary site
- Case 2 Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
- Case 3 Small cell lung cancer during pregnancy
- Case 4 Breast metastasis from non-small cell lung cancer
- Case 5 Lung cancer in non-smokers
- Case 6 Single brain metastasis from breast cancer
- Case 7 Breast cancer at a nuclear power station
- Case 8 Oesophagus
- Case 9 Stomach
- Case 10 Neuroendocrine tumour
- Case 11 A patient presenting with painless jaundice
- Case 12 Colon cancer
- Case 13 Rectal cancer
- Case 14 Anal cancer
- Case 15 Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma in an adult
- Case 16 Prostate cancer
- Case 17 Testicular cancer
- Case 18 Cervical cancer
- Case 19 Ovarian cancer
- Case 20 Cancer in a renal transplant recipient
- Case 21 Melanoma
- Case 22 Merkel cell carcinoma
- Case 23 Soft tissue sarcoma
- Case 24 Bone sarcoma
- Case 25 Brain tumour
- Case 26 Hodgkin lymphoma
- Case 27 Solitary plasmacytoma
- Case 28 Clinical trial
- Case 29 A jejunal tumour
- Case 30 The role of specialist palliative care
- List of cases by diagnosis
- List of cases by principal clinical features at presentation (case numbers in italics)
- List of cases by aetiological mechanism (case numbers in italics)
- Index