- Section 1 ICU organization and management
- Section 2 Pharmacotherapeutics
- Section 3 Resuscitation
- Section 4 The respiratory system
- Section 5 The cardiovascular system
- Section 6 The gastrointestinal system
- Section 7 Nutrition
- Section 8 The renal system
- Section 9 The neurological system
- Section 10 The metabolic and endocrine systems
- Section 11 The haematological system
- Section 12 The skin and connective tissue
- Section 13 Infection
- Section 14 Inflammation
- Section 15 Poisoning
- Section 16 Trauma
- Section 17 Physical disorders
- Section 18 Pain and sedation
- Section 19 General surgical and obstetric intensive care
- Part 19.1 Optimization strategies for the high-risk surgical patient
- Chapter 360 Identification of the high-risk surgical patient
- Chapter 361 Peri-operative optimization of the high risk surgical patient
- Part 19.2 General post-operative intensive care
- Part 19.3 Obstetric intensive care
- Section 20 Specialized intensive care
- Section 21 Recovery from critical illness
- Section 22 End-of-life care
(p. 1720) Optimization strategies for the high-risk surgical patient
The low overall post-operative mortality rate conceals the existence of a sub-group of high-risk patients, which accounts for over 80% of post-operative deaths. Age, co-morbid disease, limited functional capacity, and an emergency presentation for major surgery are hallmarks risk. The magnitude, duration, and consequences of post-operative morbidity are determined by a complex interplay between the indication for surgery, the resulting tissue injury, and patient factors. A number of methods including risk scoring and cardiopulmonary exercise testing can be used to identify the high-risk group. Efforts should be made throughout the peri-operative period to prevent the occurrence of any post-operative complications, as they all carry significant long-term implications.
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- Section 1 ICU organization and management
- Section 2 Pharmacotherapeutics
- Section 3 Resuscitation
- Section 4 The respiratory system
- Section 5 The cardiovascular system
- Section 6 The gastrointestinal system
- Section 7 Nutrition
- Section 8 The renal system
- Section 9 The neurological system
- Section 10 The metabolic and endocrine systems
- Section 11 The haematological system
- Section 12 The skin and connective tissue
- Section 13 Infection
- Section 14 Inflammation
- Section 15 Poisoning
- Section 16 Trauma
- Section 17 Physical disorders
- Section 18 Pain and sedation
- Section 19 General surgical and obstetric intensive care
- Part 19.1 Optimization strategies for the high-risk surgical patient
- Chapter 360 Identification of the high-risk surgical patient
- Chapter 361 Peri-operative optimization of the high risk surgical patient
- Part 19.2 General post-operative intensive care
- Part 19.3 Obstetric intensive care
- Section 20 Specialized intensive care
- Section 21 Recovery from critical illness
- Section 22 End-of-life care