(p. 1611) Assessment and management of combat trauma 

Lessons from the management of combat trauma are applicable in both the military and civilian sectors. While there are additional challenges in the combat arena, preparing for the various injury patterns commonly encountered from combat-related injury and their management is imperative for medical personnel deployed to a combat zone. Combat-related mortality continues to show haemorrhage as a major cause of death, with most deaths occurring prior to arrival at a medical treatment. For fatalities that are judged to be potentially survivable, missed or delayed life-saving interventions, delayed evacuation, and inadequate haemorrhage control are all contributory factors. To target these areas, medical training and organizational efforts have been focused on improving haemorrhage control, remote resuscitation, and logistical systems. Further study should be aimed at reducing the known contributing factors and developments focused on prehospital management. Treating patients with modern resuscitative and supportive techniques is the hallmark of high-quality injury management, regardless of the mechanism of injury or the setting.