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Management of meningitis and encephalitis in the critically ill 

Management of meningitis and encephalitis in the critically ill
Chapter:
Management of meningitis and encephalitis in the critically ill
Author(s):

Simon Nadel

and Johnny Canlas

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0241
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date: 16 May 2022

Management of CNS infections requires specific antimicrobial agents, as well as specific supportive treatment targeted at reducing raised intracranial pressure and other life-threatening complications. It is important that the need for management in an intensive care setting is considered early in the illness. Antibiotic resistance amongst the most common organisms causing bacterial meningitis is becoming more common and antibiotic therapy should be adjusted accordingly. Anti-inflammatory treatment such as steroids should be started as soon as possible in patients with proven acute bacterial meningitis. Optimally, this should be before or with the first dose of antibiotics. Vaccine research is progressing so that effective vaccines should be available in the future against all the common causes of bacterial meningitis and encephalitis, including Neisseria meningitidis serogroup b.

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