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Chronic kidney disease stages 1–3 

Chronic kidney disease stages 1–3
Chapter:
Chronic kidney disease stages 1–3
Author(s):

Althea Mahon

, Karen Jenkins

, and Lisa Burnapp

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199600533.003.0005
Page of

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date: 27 February 2021

Identification and prevalence of CKD

Stages of CKD

Stages 1–3 CKD screening and monitoring

Referral criteria

Proteinuria management

Management of co-morbidities

Interface with primary care

Further reading

CKD affects ~10% of the adult population worldwide. Stage 3–5 CKD is present in 6–7% of the adult UK population. More people are now aware of having reduced kidney function or proteinuria as a result of the consensus and subsequent publication of various CKD guidelines, such as NICE, KDOQI, and the UK Renal Association. These guidelines provide recommendations for clinical practice and include regular measurement and reporting of kidney function. Registers such as the quality outcomes framework (QOF) used in general practice, records the prevalence of CKD. The CKD register ensures an annual assessment of kidney function for people in high-risk groups....

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