Weblinks for Seventh Edition
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Web-based references relating to the number under the disk sign
Preface
The Green Knight, Iris Murdoch, 1993, Penguin, page 274 [No link]; page v
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
Fermat [Link]; page v
Is a picture worth a thousand words? [Link]; page v
Chapter 01: Obstetrics
1 Intimate partner violence: causes and prevention. Author: Jewkes R. Journal: Lancet; 2002 Apr 20 ; 359(9315):1423-9. PubMed ID: 11978358. [Link]; page 1
2 EBM 1997 2 150; No Link; page 1
3 Effect of the interval between pregnancies on perinatal outcomes. Zhu BP, N Engl J Med; 1999 Feb 25 ; 340(8):589-94. PubMed ID: 10029642 [Link]; page 3
4 The use of a birthroom: a randomized controlled trial comparing delivery with that in the labour ward. Author: Chapman MG, Jones M, Spring JE, De Swiet M, Chamberlain GV. Journal: Br J Obstet Gynaecol; 1986 Feb ; 93(2):182-7. PubMed ID: 3511958. [Link]; page 4
5 BMJ. 1998 Feb 21;316(7131):566-7. Macfarlane A. At last--maternity statistics for England. [Link]; page 5
6 Naegele’s rule: a reappraisal. Author: Baskett TF, Nagele F. Journal: BJOG; 2000 Nov ; 107(11):1433-5. PubMed ID: 11117775. [Link]; page 8
7 The value of sonography in early pregnancy for the detection of fetal abnormalities in an unselected population. Br J Obstet Gynaecol; 1999 Sep ; 106(9):929-36. PubMed ID: 10492104 [Link]; page 11
8 BMJ 1999;318:70-71 Down’s syndrome, cardiac anomalies, and nuchal translucency Fetal heart failure might link nuchal translucency and Down’s syndrome [Link]; page 11
9 Using fetal nuchal translucency to screen for major congenital cardiac defects at 10-14 weeks of gestation: population based cohort study. BMJ; 1999 Jan 9 ; 318(7176):81-5. PubMed ID: 9880278[Link]; page 11
10 Berg B 1984 Acta Ob Gyn Scan 63 583 &: OTM &: M de Swiet 1996 Pulse 56 92 &: A Gowenlock Varley’s Practical Clinical Biochemistry 535. [Link]; page 15
11 Nasogastric enteral feeding in the management of hyperemesis gravidarum. Hsu JJ, Obstet Gynecol; 1996 Sep ; 88(3):343-6. PubMed ID: 8752236 [Link]; page 18
12 BJOG. 2000 Feb;107(2):245-53. Sadler L. Pregnancy outcomes and cardiac complications in women with mechanical, bioprosthetic and homograft valves. [Link]; page 20
13 BJOG. 2000 Apr;107(4):437-8. Guidotti RJ. Anaemia in pregnancy in developing countries. [Link]; page 22
14 Duration of ruptured membranes and vertical transmission of HIV-1: a meta-analysis from 15 prospective cohort studies.Author: International Perinatal HIV Group .Journal: AIDS; 2001 Feb 16 ; 15(3):357-68. PubMed ID: 11273216. [Link]; page 23
15 Effect of breastfeeding and formula feeding on transmission of HIV-1: a randomized clinical trial. Nduati R, JAMA; 2000 Mar 1 ; 283(9):1167-74. PubMed ID: 10703779 [Link]; page 23
16 N Engl J Med. 2000 Oct 19;343(16):1178-9. Greene MF. Oral hypoglycemic drugs for gestational diabetes. [Link]; page 24
17 Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1999 Oct;13(4):452-65. Williams MA. A population-based cohort study of the relation between maternal birthweight and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus in four racial/ethnic groups. [Link]; page 24
18 Diabetes. 1985 Jun;34 Suppl 2:106-10. Stowers JM. Long-range implications for the mother. The Aberdeen experience. [Link]; page 24
19 Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1993 Apr;168(4):1139-44; discussion 1144-5. Coustan DR. Gestational diabetes: predictors of subsequent disordered glucose metabolism. [Link]; page 24
20 Ther Umsch. 1990 Jan;47(1):71-9 (German). Berger W. [Clinical significance, diagnosis and treatment of diabetes in pregnancy (gestational diabetes)] [Link]; page 24
21 Diabetes Metab. 2001 Dec;27(6):675-80. Dalfra MG. Antepartum and early postpartum predictors of type 2 diabetes development in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. [Link]; page 24
22 Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Apr;186(4):751-6. Schaefer-Graf UM. Clinical predictors for a high risk for the development of diabetes mellitus in the early puerperium in women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus. Medline abstract, n=1636 [Link]; page 24
23 Dr Fran�ois Nosten; Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) is a field station attached to the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand and is part of the Wellcome-Oxford-Mahidol-University-Research Programme. www.shoklo-unit.com; No link; page 27
24 Safety, efficacy and determinants of effectiveness of antimalarial drugs during pregnancy: implications for prevention programmes in Plasmodium falciparum-endemic sub-Saharan Africa. Author: Newman RD, Parise ME, Slutsker L, Nahlen B, Steketee RW. Journal: Trop Med Int Health; 2003 Jun ; 8(6):488-506. PubMed ID: 12791054 [Link]; page 27
25 Intermittent Presumptive Treatment for Malaria A better understanding of the pharmacodynamics will guide more rational policymaking--Nicholas J White [Link]; page 27
26 Anticoagulation of pregnant women with mechanical heart valves: a systematic review of the literature.Author: Chan WS, Anand S, Ginsberg JS.Journal: Arch Intern Med; 2000 Jan 24 ; 160(2):191-6. PubMed ID: 10647757 [Link]; page 32
27 BJOG. 2000 Jan;107(1):84-8. Antsaklis AJ. Prenatal diagnosis of fetal primary cytomegalovirus infection. [Link]; page 34
28 Lancet. 2002 Apr 6;359(9313):1178-86. Petra Study Team. Efficacy of three short-course regimens of zidovudine and lamivudine in preventing early and late transmission of HIV-1 from mother to child in Tanzania, South Africa, and Uganda (Petra study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.[Link]; page 35
29 Lancet. 1999 Mar 6;353(9155):766-7. Mofenson LM. Short-course zidovudine for prevention of perinatal infection. [Link]; page 35
30 Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999 Jan;106(1):66-71. Newell ML. Antenatal screening for hepatitis B infection and syphilis in the UK. [Link]; page 36
31 N Engl J Med. 1999 Mar 11;340(10):798-9. Ince N. The increasing incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. [Link]; page 36
32 Semin Perinatol. 1993 Dec;17(6):384-93. Simms J. Viral hepatitis in pregnancy. [Link]; page 36
33 Ethiop Med J. 1993 Jul;31(3):173-81. Tsega E. Hepatitis E virus infection in pregnancy in Ethiopia.[Link]; page 36
34 Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Dec;41(13):4074-9. Bowman RJ. Operational comparison of single-dose azithromycin and topical tetracycline for trachoma. [Link]; page 36
35 Appendicitis in pregnancy: new information that contradicts long-held clinical beliefs. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 2000 May ; 182(5):1027-9. PubMed ID: 10819817 [Link]; page 38
36 J Clin Ultrasound. 2001 Jun;29(5):306-11. Humphrey R. Rectus sheath hematoma in pregnancy.[Link]; page 38
37 Am J Perinatol. 1997 Jul;14(6):321-3. Ramirez MM. Spontaneous rectus sheath hematoma during pregnancy mimicking abruptio placenta. [Link]; page 38
38 The acute abdomen and the obstetrician. Baillieres Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol; 2000 Feb ; 14(1):89-102. PubMed ID: 10789262 [Link]; page 38
39 Lancet. 2000 Jan 8;355(9198):87-92. von Dadelszen P. Fall in mean arterial pressure and fetal growth restriction in pregnancy hypertension: a meta-analysis. [Link]; page 48
40 Lancet. 2002 Feb 23;359(9307):673-4. Wang JX. Surgically obtained sperm, and risk of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia. [Link]; page 48
41 Link no longer available; page 48
42 BJOG. 2000 Jul;107(7):877-84. Baud O. The relationships between antenatal management, the cause of delivery and neonatal outcome in a large cohort of very preterm singleton infants. [Link]; page 48
43 N Engl J Med. 1999 Jan 14;340(2):154. Oei SG. Myocardial infarction during nifedipine therapy for preterm labor [Link]; page 50
44 Lancet. 2000 Jan 8;355(9198):87-92. von Dadelszen P. Fall in mean arterial pressure and fetal growth restriction in pregnancy hypertension: a meta-analysis. [Link]; page 52
45 Lancet. 1999 Apr 10;353(9160):1202-4. Schatz M. Asthma and pregnancy. [Link]; page 52
46 Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999 May;106(5):481-5. Boulvain M. Sweeping of the membranes to prevent post-term pregnancy and to induce labour: a systematic review. Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 54
47 Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1999 Mar;78(3):186-90. Chan CC. Antepartum hemorrhage of unknown origin--what is its clinical significance? [Link]; page 56
48 Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1982 Nov;42(11):798-802.The maternal perception of fetal movements during the last trimester of pregnancy Schmidt W [Link]; page 58
49 BJOG. 2000 Jul;107(7):939-40. Acute postpartum myocardial infarction after ergometrine administration in a woman with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Mousa HA [Link]; page 58
50 BJOG. 2000 Feb;107(2):222-7. Ngai SW. Labour characteristics and uterine activity: misoprostol compared with oxytocin in women at term with prelabour rupture of the membranes. [Link]; page 60
51 J Womens Health Gend Based Med. 1999 Dec;8(10):1257-64. Scott KD. The obstetrical and postpartum benefits of continuous support during childbirth. [Link]; page 65
52 N Engl J Med. 1995 Sep 21;333(12):745-50. Frigoletto FD Jr. A clinical trial of active management of labor. [Link]; page 65
53 BJOG. 2000 Oct;107(10):1248-51. Related Articles, Books, LinkOut Subcutaneous versus intracutaneous injections of sterile water for labour analgesia: a comparison of perceived pain during administration.Martensson L, Nyberg K, Wallin G. &: Contemp Rev Obs 12 29 [Link]; page 66
54 2001 Why Mothers Die 1997�9 Annexe C, chapter 2 page 74 RCOG [no medline link]; page 66
55 Psychological consequences of having triplets: a 4-year follow-up study. Garel M. Fertil Steril; 1997 Jun ; 67(6):1162-5. PubMed ID: 9176462 [Link]; page 69
56 Psychological reactions after multifetal pregnancy reduction: a 2-year follow-up study. Garel M. Hum Reprod; 1997 Mar ; 12(3):617-22. PubMed ID: 9130770 [Link]; page 69
57 Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1998 Aug;105(8):811-5. Johnstone FD. Shoulder dystocia. [Link]; page 72
58 Lancet. 2001 Aug 11;358(9280):470-1. Buhimschi CS. Use of McRoberts’ position during delivery and increase in pushing efficiency. [Link]; page 72
59 J Reprod Med. 1999 Oct;44(10):902-4. Heath T. Symphyseal separation, sacroiliac joint dislocation and transient lateral femoral cutaneous neuropathy associated with McRoberts’ maneuver. A case report. [Link]; page 73
60 BJOG. 2000 Jul;107(7):932-4. Related Articles, Books, LinkOut Outcome of the next labour in women who had a vaginal delivery in their first pregnancy. Mawdsley SD [Link]; page 76
61 Brachial plexus paresis associated with fetal neck compression from forceps. Author: Gei AF, Smith RA, Hankins GD. Journal: Am J Perinatol; 2003 Aug ; 20(6):289-91. PubMed ID: 14528397 [Link]; page 77
62 Associated factors in 1611 cases of brachial plexus injury. Author: Gilbert WM, Nesbitt TS, Danielsen B. Journal: Obstet Gynecol; 1999 Apr ; 93(4):536-40. PubMed ID: 10214829 [Link]; page 77
63 Obstetrical brachial plexus palsy--etiopathogenesis, risk factors, prevention, prognosis Author: Gosk J, Rutowski R. Journal: Ginekol Pol; 2004 Oct ; 75(10):814-20. PubMed ID: 15587915 [Link]; page 77
64 Effect of operative vaginal delivery on the outcome of permanent brachial plexus injury. Author: Poggi SH, Ghidini A, Allen RH, Pezzullo JC, Rosenbaum TC, Spong CY. Journal: J Reprod Med; 2003 Sep ; 48(9):692-6. PubMed ID: 14562633. [Link]; page 77
65 National statistics for 2003 [Link]; page 82
66 Lancet. 1999 Sep 18;354(9183):983-6. Fynes M. Effect of second vaginal delivery on anorectal physiology and faecal continence: a prospective study. [Link]; page 91
67 National statistics [Link]; page 97
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
Why Mothers Die 2000-2 CEMACH publications [Link]; page 8
Amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling for prenatal diagnosis. Alfirevic Z, Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; 1(3):CD003252. PubMed ID: 12917956 [Link]; page 10
Screening performance of first-trimester nuchal translucency for major cardiac defects: a meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 2003 Nov ; 189(5):1330-5. PubMed ID: 14634564 [Link]; page 11
Fetal cardiac defects and increased nuchal translucency thickness: a prospective study. Am J Obstet Gynecol; 2004 Oct ; 191(4):1486-90. PubMed ID: 15507988 [Link]; page 11
First-trimester nasal bone evaluation for aneuploidy in the general population. Obstet Gynecol; 2004 Dec ; 104(6):1222-8. PubMed ID: 15572480 [Link]; page 11
The clinical evaluation and pregnancy outcome of euploid fetuses with increased nuchal translucency. Maymon R, Herman A. Clin Genet; 2004 Nov ; 66(5):426-36. PubMed ID: 15479188 [Link]; page 11
BMJ. 2001 Jul 21;323(7305):165-6. Ghaem-Maghami S. Using clinical evidence. Obstetricians seem to be overstating the evidence in major placenta praevia. [Link]; page 14
Why Mothers Die 2000-2 CEMACH publications [Link]; page 14
Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy with a jejunal port for severe hyperemesis gravidarum. Irving PM, Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol; 2004 Sep ; 16(9):937-9. PubMed ID: 15316422 [Link]; page 18
Hyperemesis gravidarum: outcomes and complications with and without total parenteral nutrition. Folk JJ, J Reprod Med; 2004 Jul ; 49(7):497-502. PubMed ID: 15305820 [Link]; page 18
Is there a case for hepatitis C infection screening in the antenatal period? J Med Screen; 2003 ; 10(4):161-8. PubMed ID: 14738651 [Link]; page 26
Intermittent Presumptive Treatment for Malaria. White N. nickw@tropmedres.ac [Link]; page 27
Comparison of intermittent preventive treatment with chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of malaria during pregnancy in Mali. Author: Kayentao K, Kodio M, Newman RD, Maiga H, Doumtabe D, Ongoiba A, Coulibaly D, Keita AS, Maiga B, Mungai M, Parise ME, Doumbo O. Journal: J Infect Dis; 2005 Jan 1 ; 191(1):109-16. PubMed ID: 15593011 [Link]; page 27
The use of anti-malarial drugs to prevent malaria in the population of malaria-endemic areas. Author: Greenwood B. Journal: Am J Trop Med Hyg; 2004 Jan ; 70(1):1-7. PubMed ID: 14971690 [Link]; page 27
J Neurosurg. 2001 Nov;95(5):778-82. Lajeunie E. Craniosynostosis and fetal exposure to sodium valproate. [Link]; page 29
Am J Med Genet. 2001 Jan 15;98(2):168-75. Kozma C. Valproic acid embryopathy: report of two siblings with further expansion of the phenotypic abnormalities and a review of the literature. [Link]; page 29
The longer term outcome of children born to mothers with epilepsy. Adab N, J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry; 2004 Nov ; 75(11):1575-83. PubMed ID: 15491979 [Link]; page 29
N Engl J Med. 2000 Feb 10;342(6):424-5. Greer IA. The challenge of thrombophilia in maternal-fetal medicine. [Link]; page 33
Selective neonatal BCG vaccination. Bakshi D. Acta Paediatr; 2004 Sep ; 93(9):1207-9. PubMed ID: 15384885 [Link]; page 37
Laparoscopy for appendicitis and cholelithiasis during pregnancy: a new standard of care. Surg Endosc; 2004 Feb ; 18(2):237-41. PubMed ID: 14691706 [Link]; page 38
Fetal electrocardiogram (ECG) for fetal monitoring during labour. Neilson JP. Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; 31(2):CD000116. PubMed ID: 12804387 [Link]; page 44
BJOG. 2000 Dec;107(12):1492-7. Simpsom JM. Accuracy and limitations of transabdominal fetal echocardiography at 12-15 weeks of gestation in a population at high risk for congenital heart disease.[Link]; page 47
Milne F BMJ 2005;330:576-580. The pre-eclampsia community guideline (PRECOG): how to screen for and detect onset of pre-eclampsia in the community [Link]; page 48
Do women with pre-eclampsia, and their babies, benefit from magnesium sulphate? The Magpie Trial: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Magpie Trial Collaboration Group . Lancet; 2002 Jun 1 ; 359(9321):1877-90. PubMed ID: 12057549 [Link]; page 48
BMJ. 2002 Feb 23;324(7335):447. Olsen SF. Low consumption of seafood in early pregnancy as a risk factor for preterm delivery: prospective cohort study. [Link]; page 50
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1995 Apr;59(2):149-51. Stratton JF. Hyponatraemia and non-electrolyte solutions in labouring primigravida. [Link]; page 58
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1996 Sep;68(1-2):47-8. Higgins J. Maternal and neonatal hyponatraemia: a comparison of Hartmanns solution with 5% dextrose for the delivery of oxytocin in labour. [Link]; page 58
East Afr Med J. 1991 Feb;68(2):88-92. Omigbodun AO. Effects of using either saline or glucose as a vehicle for infusion in labour. [Link]; page 58
Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1984 Oct;91(10):1014-8. Singhi S. Intrapartum infusion of aqueous glucose solution, transplacental hyponatraemia and risk of neonatal jaundice. [Link]; page 58
BJOG. 2001 Jan;108(1):23-6. Kwon JS. A comparison of oral and vaginal misoprostol for induction of labour at term: a randomised trial. [Link]; page 62
[Link]; page 66
BJOG. 2002 Feb;109(2):182-6. Carroll SG. Prediction of chorionicity in twin pregnancies at 10-14 weeks of gestation. [Link]; page 68
Dramatic reduction in triplet and higher order births in England and Wales. BJOG; 2004 Aug ; 111(8):856-8. PubMed ID: 15270936 [Link]; page 69
External cephalic version: a safe procedure? A systematic review of version-related risks. Collaris RJ. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand; 2004 Jun ; 83(6):511-8. PubMed ID: 15144330 [Link]; page 70
Lancet. 2000 Oct 21;356(9239):1375-83. Hannah ME. Planned caesarean section versus planned vaginal birth for breech presentation at term: a randomised multicentre trial. Term Breech Trial Collaborative Group. [Link]; page 70
NICE 2004 Caesarean Section [Link]; page 79
The B-Lynch technique for postpartum haemorrhage: an option for every gynaecologist. Holtsema H, Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol; 2004 Jul 15 ; 115(1):39-42. PubMed ID: 15223163 [Link]; page 84
Why Mothers Die 2000-2 CEMACH publications [Link]; page 85
Why Mothers Die 2000-2 CEMACH publications [Link]; page 89
[Link]; page 92
BMJ. 2000 Jan 8;320(7227):86-90. Signorello LB. Midline episiotomy and anal incontinence: retrospective cohort study. [Link]; page 92
Chapter 02: Paediatrics
1 Adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected pediatric patients improves with home-based intensive nursing intervention. Author: Berrien VM, Salazar JC, Reynolds E, McKay K, HIV Medication Adherence Intervention Group . Journal: AIDS Patient Care STDS; 2004 Jun ; 18(6):355-63. PubMed ID: 15294086 [Link]; page 99
2 MABL & JBL [aged 14 & 15]: personal communication ; No link; page 99
3 Should adolescents with acute lymphoblastic leukemia be treated as old children or young adults? Comparison of the French FRALLE-93 and LALA-94 trials. Author: Boissel N, Journal: J Clin Oncol; 2003 Mar 1 ; 21(5):774-80. PubMed ID: 12610173 [Link]; page 99
4 G Rylance 1999 BMJ i 301. Privacy, dignity, and confidentiality: interview study with structured questionnaire [Link]; page 100
5 BMJ. 1999 Jan 9;318(7176):86-91. Usen S. Clinical predictors of hypoxaemia in Gambian children with acute lower respiratory tract infection: prospective cohort study. Medline abstract, n>1000 [Link]; page 103
6 Archives of Disease in Childhood 2004;89:908-912. Infant colic and feeding difficulties--C Miller-Loncar [Link]; page 104
7 Child Dev. 2000 Jul-Aug;71(4):862-77. White BP. Behavioral and physiological responsivity, sleep, and patterns of daily cortisol production in infants with and without colic. [Link]; page 104
8 Prof Care Mother Child. 2000;10(1):26-8, 30. Scowen P. Nappy rash: let’s give mothers more help.[Link]; page 104
9 Int J Dermatol. 1999 Aug;38(8):618-22. de Wet PM. Perianal candidosis--a comparative study with mupirocin and nystatin. Medline abstract, N=20 [Link]; page 104
10 Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 1981;95:40-2. Thomsen K. Seborrhoeic dermatitis and napkin dermatitis. [Link]; page 104
11 J Consult Clin Psychol. 1996 Oct;64(5):1029-36. Walker JG. Emotionally focused marital intervention for couples with chronically ill children. [Link]; page 105
12 J Pediatr Psychol. 1992 Jun;17(3):345-57. Walker JG. Measuring marital distress in couples with chronically ill children: the Dyadic Adjustment Scale. [Link]; page 105
13 Child Care Health Dev. 1997 Nov;23(6):479-80. Logan S. Emotionally focused therapy improves marital adjustment in parents of children with chronically ill children. [Link]; page 105
14 Arch Dis Child. 1990 Jul;65(7):750-6. Hewson PH. Markers of serious illness in infants under 6 months old presenting to a children’s hospital. [Link]; page 106
15 Pediatrics. 1992 Dec;90(6):846-50. Kluger MJ. Fever revisited. [Link]; page 106
16 J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1990 Sep;72(5):846-51. Knudsen CJ. Neonatal osteomyelitis. [Link]; page 106
17 Sante. 1999 Jan-Feb;9(1):38-45 (French). Hoarau C. [Congenital syphilis: update and perspectives][Link]; page 106
18 Ann Trop Paediatr. 1993;13(4):395-7. Kini PG. Unusual presentation of cytomegaloviral infection in a 5-month-old baby: case report. [Link]; page 106
19 J Appl Physiol. 2001 Jan;90(1):90-8. Hasday JD. Exposure to febrile temperature modifies endothelial cell response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha. [Link]; page 106
20 J Appl Physiol. 2001 Jan;90(1):90-8. Hasday JD. Exposure to febrile temperature modifies endothelial cell response to tumor necrosis factor-alpha. [Link]; page 106
21 Adenoviral infections in children: the impact of rapid diagnosis. Rocholl C, Gerber K, Daly J, Pavia AT, Byington CL. Pediatrics [NLM - MEDLINE]. Jan 2004.Vol.113, Iss. 1; Part 1. pg. e51 [Link]; page 106
22 Skin-to-skin contact may reduce negative consequences of \“the stress of being born\”: a study on temperature in newborn infants, subjected to different ward routines in St. Petersburg. Author: Bystrova K, Widstr “m AM, Matthiesen AS, Ransj”-Arvidson AB, Welles-Nystr “m B, Wassberg C, Vorontsov I, Uvn”s-Moberg K. Journal: Acta Paediatr; 2003 ; 92(3):320-6. PubMed ID: 12725547 HYPERLINK “http://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi?id=12725547&from=cqsr” [Link]; page 107
23 Biol Neonate. 2004 Sep 20;87(1):27-34 Resuscitation of Depressed Newborn Infants with Ambient Air or Pure Oxygen: A Meta-Analysis--Saugstad OD [Link]; page 107
24 NEJM 2001 [Link]; page 107
25 Link no longer available; page 107
26 Neonatal shaken baby syndrome--lessons to be learned / Author’s reply D B Knight, R sunderland, A N Williams. Archives of Disease in Childhood. London: Mar 2003.Vol.88, Iss. 2; pg. F161, 2 pgs [Link]; page 108
27 Infant to staff ratios and risk of mortality in very low birthweight infants L A Callaghan, D W Cartwright, P O’Rourke, M W Davies. Archives of Disease in Childhood. London: Mar 2003.Vol.88, Iss. 2; pg. F94, 4 pgs [Link]; page 108
28 Paediatr Drugs. 2001;3(1):61-79. Comer AM. Caffeine citrate: a review of its use in apnoea of prematurity. [Link]; page 108
28 Pharmacotherapy. 2000 Jun;20(6):644-52. Erenberg A. Caffeine citrate for the treatment of apnea of prematurity: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medline abstract, N=85 [Link]; page 108
29 Drug Saf. 2000 Nov;23(5):363-79. Hascoet JM. Risks and benefits of therapies for apnoea in premature infants. [Link]; page 108
30 Lancet. 1999 Jan 16;353(9148):166-7. Fleck BW. Therapy for retinopathy of prematurity. [Link]; page 108
31 Rev Neurol. 2000 Aug 1-15;31(3):238-43 (Spanish). Antoniuk S. [Periventricular and intraventricular hemorrhage in the premature infants] [Link]; page 108
32 Pulmonary Reviews [2000] accessed 2004 Nitric oxide helps neonates with pulmonary hypertension[Link]; page 109
33 Inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension/ hypoxic respiratory failure in neonates: an update. Author: Cook LN, Stewart DL. Journal: J Ky Med Assoc; 2005 Apr ; 103(4):138-47. PubMed ID: 15853181 [Link]; page 109
34 Inhaled nitric oxide in the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension/ hypoxic respiratory failure in neonates: an update. Author: Cook LN, Stewart DL. Journal: J Ky Med Assoc; 2005 Apr ; 103(4):138-47. PubMed ID: 15853181 [Link]; page 109
35 Acute and chronic effects of sildenafil in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Journal: Respir Med; 2005 May 9 ; ():. PubMed ID: 15890512 [Link]; page 109
36 Inhaled prostacyclin for term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension refractory to inhaled nitric oxide. Author: Kelly LK, Porta NF, Goodman DM, Carroll CL, Steinhorn RH. Journal: J Pediatr; 2002 Dec ; 141(6):830-2. PubMed ID: 12461501 [Link]; page 109
37 Management of Pulmonary Hypertension [Link]; page 109
38 Lancet. 1996 Jul 13;348(9020):75-82. UK collaborative randomised trial of neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. UK Collaborative ECMO Trail Group. Medline abstract, N=185 [Link]; page 109
39 BMJ. 1998 Oct 3;317(7163):911-5; discussion 915-6. Roberts TE. Economic evaluation and randomised controlled trial of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: UK collaborative trial. The Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Economics Working Group. [Link]; page 109
40 Intensive Care Med. 2000 Oct;26(10):1489-95. Kossel H. Do we need new indications for ECMO in neonates pretreated with high-frequency ventilation and/or inhaled nitric oxide? [Link]; page 109
41 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000948. Spence K. Nasal versus oral intubation for mechanical ventilation of newborn infants. [Link]; page 110
42 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(1):CD000456. Greenough A. Synchronized mechanical ventilation for respiratory support in newborn infants. [Link]; page 110
43 Lancet. 2000 Jul 8;356(9224):90-1. Soll R. Patient-triggered ventilation of the newborn. [Link]; page 110
44 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(1):CD000456. Greenough A. Synchronized mechanical ventilation for respiratory support in newborn infants. [Link]; page 110
45 Is elective high frequency oscillatory ventilation better than conventional mechanical ventilation in very low birth weight infants?--Report by Sachin Shah. Archives of Disease in Childhood 2003;88:833-834 [Link]; page 110
46 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(4):CD002773. Cools F. Neuromuscular paralysis for newborn infants receiving mechanical ventilation. [Link]; page 110
47 Royal College of Paediatrics Acute pain guidelines [Link]; page 110
48 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(1):CD000506. Davies MW. Nebulized racemic epinephrine for extubation of newborn infants. [Link]; page 111
49 Nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) for preterm neonates after extubation. Author: Davis PG, Lemyre B, de Paoli AG. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2001 ; (3):CD003212. PubMed ID: 11687052 HYPERLINK “http://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi?id=11687052&from=cqsr” [Link]; page 111
50 Neurol Clin. 2001 May;19(2):427-63. Mizrah EM. Neonatal seizures and neonatal epileptic syndromes. [Link]; page 112
51 Indian Pediatrics 2003; 40:633-638 Pyridoxine-dependent Seizures: A Review. R. Rajesh [Link]; page 112
52 Pyridoxine dependence: the importance of the clinical diagnosis and early treatment Author: Caraballo R, Garro F, Cers”simo R, Buompadre C, Ga”ez LA, Fejerman N. Journal: Rev Neurol; 2004 Jan 1-15 ; 38(1):49-52. PubMed ID: 14730491. [Link]; page 112
53 UCSF manual [Link]; page 112
54 Department of Neonatal Medicine Protocol Book Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Circulatory Support[Link]; page 112
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385 Br J Haematol. 2001 Feb;112(2):293-9. Hargrave DR. Progressive reduction in treatment-related deaths in Medical Research Council childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia trials from 1980 to 1997 (UKALL VIII, X and XI). [Link]; page 194
386 Leuk Lymphoma. 2000 Sep;39(1-2):1-18. Porcu P. Hyperleukocytic leukemias and leukostasis: a review of pathophysiology, clinical presentation and management. [Link]; page 194
387 Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2000 Jan-Feb;17(1):93-8. Bernig T. Antibiotic sequential therapy for febrile neutropenia in pediatric patients with malignancy. [Link]; page 195
388 Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2000 Oct-Nov;17(7):585-90. Karadeniz C. Incidence of seizures in pediatric cancer patients treated with imipenem/cilastatin. [Link]; page 195
389 Drugs. 2000 Mar;59(3):653-80. Hurst M. Meropenem: a review of its use in patients in intensive care. [Link]; page 195
390 J Antimicrob Chemother. 2001 Jun;47(6):841-53. Fleischhack G. Meropenem versus ceftazidime as empirical monotherapy in febrile neutropenia of paediatric patients with cancer. [Link]; page 195
391 J Chemother. 2000 Aug;12(4):326-31. Sidi V. Comparison of efficacy and safety of teicoplanin and vancomycin in children with antineoplastic therapy-associated febrile neutropenia and gram-positive bacteremia. [Link]; page 195
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400 J Clin Immunol. 2000 Mar;20(2):94-100. Chapel HM. The comparison of the efficacy and safety of intravenous versus subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy. Medline abstract, N=40 [Link]; page 198
400 J Clin Immunol. 2000 Mar;20(2):94-100. Chapel HM. The comparison of the efficacy and safety of intravenous versus subcutaneous immunoglobulin replacement therapy. Medline abstract, N=40 [Link]; page 198
401 Paediatr Drugs. 2001;3(2):81-90. Kesson AM. Management of neonatal herpes simplex virus infection. [Link]; page 200
402 An infectious aetiology for childhood brain tumours? Evidence from space-time clustering and seasonality analyses. Author: McNally RJ, Cairns DP, Eden OB, Alexander FE, Taylor GM, Kelsey AM, Birch JM. Journal: Br J Cancer; 2002 Apr 8 ; 86(7):1070-7. PubMed ID: 11953851 [Link]; page 200
403 NEJM 2005 352 978. Treatment of Early Childhood Medulloblastoma by Postoperative Chemotherapy Alone--Stefan Rutkowski [Link]; page 201
404 Drugs for preventing migraine headaches in children. Author: Victor S, Ryan SW. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; (4):CD002761. PubMed ID: 14583952 [Link]; page 201
405 Med J Malaysia. 2000 Dec;55(4):459-63. Loh WF. Neurological manifestations of children with systemic lupus erythematosus. [Link]; page 202
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407 Journal of Clinical Microbiology, August 1998, p. 2191-2194, Vol. 36, No. 8 Clinical Evaluation of the Gen-Probe Amplified Direct Test for Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Organisms in Cerebrospinal Fluid --Anne M. Lang HYPERLINK “http://jcm.asm.org/cgi/content/full/36/8/2191” [Link]; page 203
408 CATs NHS regimen [Link]; page 203
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415 MEJM 2004 Volume 351:1741-1751 October 21, 2004 Number 17 Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Tuberculous Meningitis in Adolescents and Adults--Guy E. Thwaites [Link]; page 204
416 Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2001 Nov 20;121(28):3306-9. Treatment of acute bacterial meningitis Skrede S [Link]; page 205
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420 T H Fenton Archives of Disease in Childhood. London: Feb 2003. Vol. 88, Iss. 2; pg. 178, 1 pgs Source Type: Periodical ProQuest document ID:285743631 [Link]; page 206
421 Arch Dis Child. 1995 Oct;73(4):342-4. Problems of differentiation between epilepsy and non-epileptic paroxysmal events in the first year of life--Shuper A [Link]; page 207
422 BMJ. 1993 Jul 24;307(6898):214-5. Appleton RE. Reflex anoxic seizures. [Link]; page 207
423 Lancet. 2001 Mar 17;357(9259):821-3. Ferrie CD. Panayiotopoulos syndrome: a common and benign childhood epilepsy. [Link]; page 207
424 Early-infantile epileptic encephalopathy with suppression-bursts, Ohtahara syndrome; its overview referring to our 16 cases. Author: Yamatogi Y, Ohtahara S. Journal: Brain Dev; 2002 Jan ; 24(1):13-23. PubMed ID: 11751020 [Link]; page 207
425 Successful treatment of Ohtahara syndrome with chloral hydrate. Author: Krsek P, Sebronov” V, Proch”zka T, Maulisov” A, Kom”rek V. Journal: Pediatr Neurol; 2002 Nov ; 27(5):388-91. PubMed ID: 12504208. [Link]; page 207
426 Early-infantile epileptic encephalopathy with suppression-bursts, Ohtahara syndrome; its overview referring to our 16 cases. Author: Yamatogi Y, Ohtahara S. Journal: Brain Dev; 2002 Jan ; 24(1):13-23. PubMed ID: 11751020 [Link]; page 207
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428 Epilepsia. 2000 Oct;41(10):1284-8. Rating D. Sulthiame as monotherapy in children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes: a 6-month randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Sulthiame Study Group. [Link]; page 207
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430 Newer drugs for epilepsy in children. NICE 2004 [Link]; page 208
431 Surgical treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy is being performed in a growing number of adults and children [Surgical treatment of epilepsy: outcome of various surgical procedures in adults and children Author: Gu”not M. Journal: Rev Neurol; 2004 Jun ; 160 5S241 PubMed ID: 15331972 [Link]; page 209
432 J Am Board Fam Pract. 2000 Sep-Oct;13(5):353-8. Rose EA. Pica: common but commonly missed.[Link]; page 210
433 Ann Behav Med. 2000 Summer;22(3):260-7. Brooks RC. Review of the treatment literature for encopresis, functional constipation, and stool-toileting refusal. Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 210
434 Archives of Disease in Childhood 2004;89:717-722 Nurse management of intractable functional constipation: a randomised controlled trial--C A Burnett [Link]; page 210
435 Comparative tolerability of drug treatment for nocturnal enuresis in children. Author: M”ller D, Roehr CC, Eggert P. Journal: Drug Saf; 2004 ; 27(10):717-27. PubMed ID: 15350155 [Link]; page 210
436 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(3):CD002238. Glazener CM. Drugs for nocturnal enuresis in children (other than desmopressin and tricyclics). Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 210
437 Minerva Pediatr. 1999 May;51(5):149-52 (Italian). De Grazia E. [Oxybutinin-desmopressin association in the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis with diurnal urination disorders] [Link]; page 210
438 Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2001 Jan-Feb;23(1):1-11. Fried PA. A literature review of the consequences of prenatal marihuana exposure. An emerging theme of a deficiency in aspects of executive function.[Link]; page 211
439 Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2000 May-Jun;22(3):325-36. Goldschmidt L. Effects of prenatal marijuana exposure on child behavior problems at age 10. [Link]; page 211
440 Risperidone effects in the presence/absence of psychostimulant medicine in children with ADHD, other disruptive behavior disorders, and subaverage IQ. Author: Aman MG, Binder C, Turgay A. Journal: J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol; 2004 Summer ; 14(2):243-54. PubMed ID: 15319021. [Link]; page 211
441 CMAJ. 2001 Nov 27;165(11):1475-88. Schachter HM. How efficacious and safe is short-acting methylphenidate for the treatment of attention-deficit disorder in children and adolescents? A meta-analysis. [Link]; page 211
442 Evid Rep Technol Assess (Summ). 1999 Nov;(11):i-viii, 1-341. Jadad AR. Treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 211
443 CMAJ. 2001 Nov 27;165(11):1475-88. Schachter HM. How efficacious and safe is short-acting methylphenidate for the treatment of attention-deficit disorder in children and adolescents? A meta-analysis. [Link]; page 211
444 Longer eye contact improves ADHD children’s compliance with parents’ commands. Author: Kapalka GM. [Link]; page 211
445 The effects of yoga on the attention and behavior of boys with Attention-Deficit/ hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Author: Jensen PS, Kenny DT. Journal: J Atten Disord; 2004 May ; 7(4):205-16. PubMed ID: 15487477. [Link]; page 211
446 Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991 Apr;48(4):324-8 Leckman JF, Hardin MT, Riddle MA, Stevenson J, Ort SI, Cohen DJ. Clonidine treatment of Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome English [Link]; page 211
447 Ment Retard 2001 Aug;39(4):259-67. Agarwal V, Sitholey P, Kumar S, Prasad M Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of clonidine in hyperactive children with mental retardation English [Link]; page 211
448 J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2003 Aug;42(8):886-94. Hazell PL, Stuart JE. A randomized controlled trial of clonidine added to psychostimulant medication for hyperactive and aggressive children. English [Link]; page 211
449 Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2000 Jan;39(1):15-25. Connor DF. A pilot study of methylphenidate, clonidine, or the combination in ADHD comorbid with aggressive oppositional defiant or conduct disorder. [Link]; page 211
450 J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Feb;40(2):206-13. Bernstein GA. Treatment of school refusal: one-year follow-up. [Link]; page 211
451 J Am Optom Assoc. 1999 Oct;70(10):629-40. Harris D. Application of ChromaGen haploscopic lenses to patients with dyslexia: a double-masked, placebo-controlled trial. [Link]; page 212
452 Science. 1994 Oct 14;266(5183):276-9. Cardon LR. Quantitative trait locus for reading disability on chromosome 6. [Link]; page 212
453 Ann Neurol. 1999 Aug;46(2):189-96. Jenner AR. Neuronal asymmetries in primary visual cortex of dyslexic and nondyslexic brains. [Link]; page 212
454 Brain. 2000 Dec;123 Pt 12:2373-99. Habib M. The neurological basis of developmental dyslexia: an overview and working hypothesis. [Link]; page 212
455 Gesundheitswesen. 1994 Oct;56(10):534-6 (German). Michaelis R. [Early indications for partial learning disorders--anamnestic and diagnostic strategies] [Link]; page 212
456 A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of supplementation with highly unsaturated fatty acids on ADHD-related symptoms in children with specific learning difficulties.Author: Richardso AJ, Puri BK. Journal: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry; 2002 Feb ; 26(2):233-9. PubMed ID: 11817499 [Link]; page 212
457 BMJ. 1989 Nov 4;299(6708):1145-9. Robinson RO. Conductive education at the Peto Institute, Budapest. [Link]; page 214
458 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001408. Ade-Hall RA. Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of lower limb spasticity in cerebral palsy. Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 214
459 Eur J Neurol. 2001 Nov;8 Suppl 5:1-20. Boyd RN. Current evidence for the use of botulinum toxin type A in the management of children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. [Link]; page 214
460 Arch Dis Child. 2000 Dec;83(6):481-7. Ubhi T. Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial of the effect of botulinum toxin on walking in cerebral palsy. [Link]; page 214
461 Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2000 Jul-Sep;(3):2-6; discussion 6 (Russian). Shabalov VA. [The use of chronic epidural electrostimulation of the spinal cord in children with spastic diplegia--a type of infantile cerebral palsy] [Link]; page 214
462 J Neurosurg. 1997 Sep;87(3):409-14. Armstrong RW. Intrathecally administered baclofen for treatment of children with spasticity of cerebral origin. [Link]; page 214
463 Dev Med Child Neurol. 2001 Feb;43(2):103-7. Roijen LE. Development of bladder control in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Medline abstract, n=601 [Link]; page 214
464 BMJ. 2000 Oct 14;321(7266):923-6. Glogowska M. Randomised controlled trial of community based speech and language therapy in preschool children. Medline abstract, N=159 [Link]; page 215
465 Aust Fam Physician. 2000 Aug;29(8):731-4. Oberklaid F. Is developmental assessment worthwhile?[Link]; page 218
466 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts and the growth of breastfed infants. Author: de Onis M, Onyango AW. Journal: Acta Paediatr; 2003 Apr ; 92(4):413-9. PubMed ID: 12801105 [Link]; page 224
467 By kind permission of the Journal of Paediatrics; page 228
468 By kind permission of the Journal of Paediatrics.; page 229
469 Materna Premium stage 2 [Link]; page 234
470 J Trace Elem Med Biol. 1996 Apr;10(1):25-30. Ruiz MC. Calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and iron content of infant formulas and estimated daily intakes. [Link]; page 234
471 Intravenous Fluids [Link]; page 235
472 Pediatr Radiol. 2000 May;30(5):323-5. Korkmaz A. Cranial MRI in neonatal hypernatraemic dehydration. [Link]; page 235
473 J Paediatr Child Health. 1999 Dec;35(6):585-7. Ng PC. Early onset of hypernatraemic dehydration and fever in exclusively breast-fed infants. [Link]; page 235
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476 J Accid Emerg Med. 2000 Jan;17(1):29-32. Lavis M. Adult intraosseous infusion in accident and emergency departments in the UK. [Link]; page 236
477 May 2005 Revision of Resusc Council guidelines on anaphylaxis, and BNF [Link]; page 237
478 BMJ. 1998 May 9;316(7142):1442-5. Ewan PW. Anaphylaxis. [Link]; page 237
479 J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1986-87;24(6):485-502. Flachsenberger WA. Respiratory failure and lethal hypotension due to blue-ringed octopus and tetrodotoxin envenomation observed and counteracted in animal models. [Link]; page 238
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
Changing patterns of perinatal death, 1982”000: a retrospective cohort study--R Bell. Archives of Disease in Childhood Fetal and Neonatal Edition 2004;89:F531-F536 [Link]; page 108
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Neurol Clin. 2001 May;19(2):427-63. Mizrah EM. Neonatal seizures and neonatal epileptic syndromes.[Link]; page 114
The effect of infant diets supplemented with alpha-linolenic acid on growth and development: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Author: Udell T, Makrides M, Gibson RA. Journal: Asia Pac J Clin Nutr; 2003 ; 12 Suppl():S45. PubMed ID: 15023661 [Link]; page 127
BMJ 2004 Prospective randomised controlled trial of an infection screening programme to reduce the rate of preterm delivery--Herbert Kiss [Link]; page 128
Lancet Neonatal Survival series 2005 J Lawn 365 891 [Link]; page 129
Lancet. 1999 Oct 23;354(9188):1444-5. Ong YC. Directed pharmacological therapy of ambiguous genitalia due to an androgen receptor gene mutation. [Link]; page 135
Forensic Sci Int. 2001 Jan 1;115(1-2):147-53. Bajanowski T. Prolonged QT interval and sudden infant death--report of two cases. [Link]; page 148
J Pediatr. 2000 Apr;136(4):481-9. Zupancic JA. Cost-effectiveness and implications of newborn screening for prolongation of QT interval for the prevention of sudden infant death syndrome. [Link]; page 148
Jenkins R, J. Appl Microbiol 2005 99 573, PMID 16108799” >[Link]; page 148
Accuracy of clinical diagnosis in Down” syndrome--S SivakumarArchives of Disease in Childhood 2004;89:691 [Link]; page 152
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Impaired microvascular function in normal children: effects of adiposity and poor glucose handling. Author: Khan F, Green FC, Forsyth JS, Greene SA, Morris AD, Belch JJ. Journal: J Physiol; 2003 Sep 1 ; 551(Pt 2):705-11. PubMed ID: 12824443 [Link]; page 156
Pediatrics. 1996 Oct;98(4 Pt 1):649-58. Update on the 1987 Task Force Report on High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: a working group report from the National High Blood Pressure Education Program. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on Hypertension Control in Children and Adolescents. [Link]; page 156
Evidence based guidelines for the performance of the sweat test for the investigation of cystic fibrosis in the UK--J H Baumer. Archives of Disease in Childhood. London: Dec 2003.Vol.88, Iss. 12; pg. 1126[Link]; page 163
Pediatr Pulmonol. 1995 Dec;20(6):369-71. Augarten A. The significance of sweat Cl/Na ratio in patients with borderline sweat test. [Link]; page 163
Anti-IgE for chronic asthma. Author: Walker S, Monteil M, Phelan K, Lasserson TJ, Walters EH. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; (3):CD003559. PubMed ID: 12917972 [Link]; page 165
Bicarbonate dosage from the Los Angeles Childrens’ Hospital h[Link]; page 177
Am J Nephrol. 2005 Feb 1;25(1):30-35 Polymorphism of the Interleukin-4, Interleukin-13, and Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 6 Genes in Indonesian Children with Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome--Acharya B [Link]; page 178
N Engl J Med. 2005 Jan 27;352(4):362-72 Glycogen storage diseases presenting as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy--Arad M [Link]; page 182
Maternal phenylketonuria: report from the United Kingdom Registry 1978-97. Author: Lee PJ, Ridout D, Walter JH, Cockburn F. Journal: Arch Dis Child; 2005 Feb ; 90(2):143-6. PubMed ID: 15665165 [Link]; page 183
Paediatric management of endocrine complications in McCune-Albright syndrome. Author: Zacharin M. Journal: J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab; 2005 Jan ; 18(1):33-41. PubMed ID: 15679067 [Link]; page 184
Diabetes Care. 1999 May;22(5):674-7. Wagner A. Therapy of severe diabetic ketoacidosis. Zero-mortality under very-low-dose insulin application. [Link]; page 189
Journal name: Ann Pharmacother. 1994 Jan;28(1):43-6. Phillips DE. Heparin-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia. [Link]; page 189
Med J Aust. 1982 Sep 18;2(6):270-2. Bergman N. Potential life-threatening variations of drug concentrations in intravenous infusion systems: potassium chloride, insulin, and heparin. [Link]; page 189
Med Pediatr Oncol 1999 Jun;32(6):411-5. McCarthy AJ, Pitcher LA, Hann IM, Oakhill A. FLAG (fludarabine, high-dose cytarabine, and G-CSF) for refractory and high-risk relapsed acute leukemia in children. English [Link]; page 195
Ann Hematol 2005 Jul 27 Specchia G, Pastore D, Carluccio P, Liso A, Mestice A, Rizzi R, Ciuffreda L, Pietrantuono G, Liso V FLAG-IDA in the treatment of refractory/relapsed adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. English [Link]; page 195
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Arch Dis Child. 1995 Jul;73(1):17-24. Cross sectional stature and weight reference curves for the UK, 1990.--Freeman JV, Cole TJ [Link]; page 224
Chapter 03: Gynaecology
1 Integrated medicine [Link]; page 241
2 “The Spirit of Inquiry” by Sholem Glaser published by Alan Sutton in 1995. ISBN 07509 09986. HYPERLINK “http://www.jameslindlibrary.org/trial_records/17th_18th_Century/parry/parry_biog.html” [Link]; page 241
3 Med J Aust. 1983 May 28;1(11):524-6. Dennerstein L. Psychosis and the menstrual cycle. [Link]; page 241
4 Emotional aspects of endometriosis: a physician’s perspective. Author: Jones KP. Journal: Clin Obstet Gynecol; 1988 Dec ; 31(4):874-82. PubMed ID: 3229043. [Link]; page 241
5 A definition of sexual health. Greenhouse P. BMJ; 1995 Jun 3 ; 310(6992):1468-9. PubMed ID: 7613294 A definition of sexual health. Greenhouse P. BMJ; 1995 Jun 3 ; 310(6992):1468-9. PubMed ID: 7613294” >[Link]; page 243
6 Sexual dysfunction in the United States: prevalence and predictors. Laumann EO, JAMA; 1999 Feb 10 ; 281(6):537-44. PubMed ID: 10022110 [Link]; page 243
7 ABC of sexual health: female sexual problems I: loss of desire-what about the fun? Butcher J. BMJ; 1999 Jan 2 ; 318(7175):41-3. PubMed ID: 9872888 [Link]; page 243
8 The frequency of significant pathology in women attending a general gynaecological service for postcoital bleeding. Rosenthal ABJOG; 2001 Jan ; 108(1):103-6. PubMed ID: 11212982 [Link]; page 250
9 International Diabetes Federation and Cite this article as: BMJ, doi:10.1136/bmj.38429.473310.AE 2005 April [Link]; page 252
10 Laparoscopic ovarian drilling as first line of treatment in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Author: Cleemann L, Lauszus FF, Trolle B. Journal: Gynecol Endocrinol; 2004 Mar ; 18(3):138-43. PubMed ID: 15255282. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling as first line of treatment in infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Author: Cleemann L, Lauszus FF, Trolle B. Journal: Gynecol Endocrinol; 2004 Mar ; 18(3):138-43. PubMed ID: 15255282.” >[Link]; page 252
11 Treatment for the premenstrual syndrome with agnus castus fruit extract: prospective, randomised, placebo controlled study. Schellenberg R. BMJ; 2001 Jan 20 ; 322(7279):134-7. PubMed ID: 11159568[Link]; page 254
12 Link no longer available; page 256
13 Estrogen replacement therapy and ovarian cancer mortality in a large prospective study of US women. Author: Rodriguez C, Patel AV, Calle EE, Jacob EJ, Thun MJ. Journal: JAMA; 2001 Mar 21 ; 285(11):1460-5. PubMed ID: 11255422 [Link]; page 256
14 BJOG. 2000 Aug;107(8):1012-6. A comparison of 25 mg and 50 mg oestradiol implants in the control of climacteric symptoms following hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Panay N[Link]; page 257
15 Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women: principal results From the Women’s Health Initiative randomized controlled trial.Author: Rossouw JE, Women’s Health Initiative Investigators . Journal: JAMA; 2002 Jul 17 ; 288(3):321-33. PubMed ID: 12117397 [Link]; page 257
16 Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA; 2003 May 28 ; 289(20):2651-62. PubMed ID: 12771112 [Link]; page 257
17 Management of spontaneous miscarriage in the first trimester: an example of putting informed shared decision making into practice. Ankum WM, BMJ; 2001 Jun 2 ; 322(7298):1343-6. PubMed ID: 11387184 [Link]; page 260
18 Fertility following radical, conservative-surgical or medical treatment for tubal pregnancy: a population-based study.Bouyer J, BJOG; 2000 Jun ; 107(6):714-21. PubMed ID: 10847225 [Link]; page 263
19 Fertility outcome following combined methotrexate treatment of unruptured extrauterine pregnancy.Debby A BJOG; 2000 May ; 107(5):626-30. PubMed ID: 10826577 [Link]; page 263
20 Potential health and economic impact of adding a human papillomavirus vaccine to screening programs. Author: Kulasingam SL, Myers ER. Journal: JAMA; 2003 Aug 13 ; 290(6):781-9. PubMed ID: 12915431 [Link]; page 272
21 Therapeutic vaccination with MVA E2 can eliminate precancerous lesions (CIN 1, CIN 2, and CIN 3) associated with infection by oncogenic human papillomavirus. Author: Corona Gutierrez CM, Tinoco A, Navarro T, Contreras ML, Cortes RR, Calzado P, Reyes L, Posternak R, Morosoli G, Verde ML, Rosales R. Journal: Hum Gene Ther; 2004 May ; 15(5):421-31. PubMed ID: 15144573. [Link]; page 272
22 Ultrasonographic measurement of endometrial changes following discontinuation of tamoxifen treatment in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Cohen I, Beyth Y, Azaria R, Flex D, Figer A, Tepper R. BJOG; 2000 Sep ; 107(9):1083-7. PubMed ID: 11002949 [Link]; page 274
23 Reproductive health and polycystic ovary syndrome. Gibson M. Am J Med; 1995 Jan 16 ; 98(1A):67S-75S. PubMed ID: 7825642 [Link]; page 278
24 Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999 Jul;106(7):623-32. Spencer CP. Endometrial assessment re-visited.[Link]; page 279
25 Dietary fat intake and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of 6,689 subjects from 8 observational studies. Author: Huncharek M, Kupelnick B. Journal: Nutr Cancer; 2001 ; 40(2):87-91. PubMed ID: 11962260. Medline abstract, n=6,689 HYPERLINK “http://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi?id=11962260&from=cqsr” [Link]; page 280
26 Tubal ligation and risk of ovarian cancer in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations: a case-control study.Author: Narod S. Journal: Lancet; 2001 May 12 ; 357(9267):1467-70. PubMed ID: 11377596.[Link]; page 283
27 [No abstract] Bacterial vaginosis: a public health review. Morris M, Nicoll A, Simms I, Wilson J, Catchpole M. BJOG; 2001 May ; 108(5):439-50. PubMed ID: 11368127 [Link]; page 284
28 Evaluation of a new amplified enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis in male urine, female endocervical swab, and patient obtained vaginal swab specimens. Author: Tanaka M, Nakayama H, Sagiyama K, Haraoka M, Yoshida H, Hagiwara T, Akazawa K, Naito S. Journal: J Clin Pathol; 2000 May ; 53(5):350-4. PubMed ID: 10889816. [Link]; page 285
29 Comparison of first void urine and urogenital swab specimens for detection of Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis by polymerase chain reaction in patients attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic. Author: Jensen JS, Bjšrnelius E, Dohn B, Lidbrink P. Journal: Sex Transm Dis; 2004 Aug ; 31(8):499-507. PubMed ID: 15273584. [Link]; page 285
30 J Med Microbiol. 2002 Dec;51(12):1021-31.The accuracy and efficacy of screening tests for Chlamydia trachomatis: a systematic review. Watson EJ [Link]; page 285
31 Endometriosis. Author: Giudice LC, Kao LC. Journal: Lancet; 2004 Nov 13 ; 364(9447):1789-99. PubMed ID: 15541453 [Link]; page 288
32 Endometriosis during postmenopausal period--probable causes for its origin and development Author: Nikolov A, Dimitrov A, Iliev D, Genov N. Journal: Akush Ginekol (Sofiia); 2004 ; 43(6):50-3. PubMed ID: 15669654 [Link]; page 288
33 Stress reactivity and family relationships in the development and treatment of endometriosis. Author: Harrison V, Rowan K, Mathias J. Journal: Fertil Steril; 2005 Apr ; 83(4):857-64. PubMed ID: 15820791.[Link]; page 288
34 Medical management of endometriosis-associated pain. Author: Mahutte NG, Arici A. Journal: Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am; 2003 Mar ; 30(1):133-50. PubMed ID: 12699262 [Link]; page 288
35 Medical management of endometriosis: a systematic review. Author: Schroder AK, Diedrich K, Ludwig M. Journal: IDrugs; 2004 May ; 7(5):451-63. PubMed ID: 15154107 [Link]; page 288
36 Current practice for the laparoscopic diagnosis and treatment of endometriosis: a national questionnaire survey of consultant gynaecologists in UK. Author: Moses SH, Clark TJ. Journal: BJOG; 2004 Nov ; 111(11):1269-72. PubMed ID: 15521873 [Link]; page 288
37 Origins and molecular pathology of ovarian cancer. Author: Bell DA. Journal: Mod Pathol; 2005 Feb ; 18 Suppl 2():S19-32. PubMed ID: 15761464 [Link]; page 288
38 International Journal of Gynecological Cancer Volume 13 Issue 4 Page 466 Endometriosis-related malignancies. G. S. Leiserowitz [Link]; page 288
39 NIDA Res Monogr. 1984;44:46-64. Harclerode J. Endocrine effects of marijuana in the male: preclinical studies. [Link]; page 295
40 Lancet. 1999 Aug 14;354(9178):566. Stanback J. Checklist for ruling out pregnancy among family-planning clients in primary care. [Link]; page 297
41 Oral contraceptives and the risk of breast cancer.Author: Marchbanks PA, McDonald JA, Wilson HG, Folger SG, Mandel MG, Daling JR, Bernstein L, Malone KE, Ursin G, Strom BL, Norman SA, Wingo PA, Burkman RT, Berlin JA, Simon MS, Spirtas R, Weiss LK.Journal: N Engl J Med; 2002 Jun 27 ; 346(26):2025-32. PubMed ID: 12087137. [Link]; page 300
42 Moreno V, Bosch FX, Mu–oz N, Meijer CJ, Shah KV, Walboomers JM, Herrero R, Franceschi S, International Agency for Research on Cancer. Multicentric Cervical Cancer Study Group .Journal: Lancet; 2002 Mar 30 ; 359(9312):1085-92. PubMed ID: 11943255 [Link]; page 300
43 Combined oral contraceptives, migraine and ischaemic stroke. Clinical and Scientific Committee of the Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care and the Family Planning Association. Author: MacGregor EA, Guillebaud J. Journal: Br J Fam Plann; 1998 Jul ; 24(2):55-60. PubMed ID: 9719712 [Link]; page 301
44 J Womens Health Gend Based Med. 2001 Jul-Aug;10(6):561-9. Freeman EW. Evaluation of a unique oral contraceptive in the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. [Link]; page 302
45 Mansour D 2005 Lancet 365 May 15 1670 [Link]; page 302
46 J Guillebaud 2004 Editorial in PoP reporter [Link]; page 302
47 CNS Drugs. 2002;16(4):263-72. Crawford P. Interactions between antiepileptic drugs and hormonal contraception. [Link]; page 304
48 N Engl J Med. 2000 Dec 7;343(23):1681-7. Related Articles, Links Comment in: N Engl J Med. 2000 Dec 7;343(23):1724-6. The risk of menstrual abnormalities after tubal sterilization. U.S. Collaborative Review of Sterilization Working Group--Peterson HB [Link]; page 305
49 Vasectomy and the risk of prostate cancer: a meta-analysis examining vasectomy status, age at vasectomy, and time since vasectomy. Author: Dennis LK. Journal: Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis; 2002 ; 5(3):193-203. PubMed ID: 12496981 [Link]; page 305
50 The prevalence of pelvic floor disorders and their relationship to gender, age, parity and mode of delivery. Author: MacLennan AH, Journal: BJOG; 2000 Dec ; 107(12):1460-70. PubMed ID: 11192101[Link]; page 306
51 Managing incontinence due to detrusor instability. Journal: Drug Ther Bull; 2001 Aug ; 39(8):59-64. PubMed ID: 11526802 [Link]; page 306
52 Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 1999 Dec;106(12):1255-8. Pure stress leakage symptomatology: is it safe to discount detrusor instability?--James M [Link]; page 306
53 RCOG Clinical Guidelines 35 2003 Surgical treatment for urodynamic stress incontinence [Link]; page 306
54 Managing incontinence due to detrusor instability. Journal: Drug Ther Bull; 2001 Aug ; 39(8):59-64. PubMed ID: 11526802 [Link]; page 307
55 Randomized, double-blind placebo controlled trial of the once daily antimuscarinic agent solifenacin succinate in patients with overactive bladder. Author: Cardozo L, Lisec M, Millard R, van Vierssen Trip O, Kuzmin I, Drogendijk TE, Huang M, Ridder AM. Journal: J Urol; 2004 Nov ; 172(5 Pt 1):1919-24. PubMed ID: 15540755. [Link]; page 307
56 Managing incontinence due to detrusor instability. Journal: Drug Ther Bull; 2001 Aug ; 39(8):59-64. PubMed ID: 11526802 [Link]; page 307
57 Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2001 Oct;13(5):507-12. Voiding dysfunction. Dorflinger A [Link]; page 307
58 Detrusor myopathy: an accurate predictor of bladder hypocompliance and contracture in interstitial cystitis. Author: Christmas TJ, Smith GL, Rode J. Journal: Br J Urol; 1996 Dec ; 78(6):862-5. PubMed ID: 9014709 [Link]; page 307
59 Can ultrasound replace ambulatory urodynamics when investigating women with irritative urinary symptoms? Author: Robinson D, Anders K, Cardozo L, Bidmead J, Toozs-Hobson P, Khullar V. Journal: BJOG; 2002 Feb ; 109(2):145-8. PubMed ID: 11888096 [Link]; page 307
60 Sexuality after total vs. subtotal hysterectomy. Author: Zobbe V, Gimbel H, Andersen BM, Filtenborg T, Jakobsen K, S¿rensen HC, Toftager-Larsen K, Sidenius K, M¿ller N, Madsen EM, Vejtorp M, Clausen H, Rosgaard A, Gluud C, Ottesen BS, Tabor A. Journal: Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand; 2004 Feb ; 83(2):191-6. PubMed ID: 14756739 [Link]; page 308
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
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Use and offering of chaperones by general practitioners: postal questionnaire survey in Norfolk.Conway S, Harvey I. BMJ; 2005 Jan 29 ; 330(7485):235-6. PubMed ID: 15604154 [Link]; page 242
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for primary dysmenorrhoea. Marjoribanks J. Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; 4(4):CD001751. PubMed ID: 14583938 [Link]; page 250
Clinical outcomes and costs with the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system or hysterectomy for treatment of menorrhagia: randomized trial 5-year follow-up. Hurskainen R, JAMA; 2004 Mar 24 ; 291(12):1456-63. PubMed ID: 15039412 [Link]; page 253
A review of treatment of premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Rapkin A. Psychoneuroendocrinology; 2003 Aug ; 28 Suppl 3():39-53. PubMed ID: 12892989 [Link]; page 254
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for premenstrual syndrome. Wyatt K. Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2002 ; (4):CD001396. PubMed ID: 12519554 [Link]; page 254
Luteal phase administration of agents for the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder. Freeman E. CNS Drugs; 2004 ; 18(7):453-68. PubMed ID: 15139800 [Link]; page 254
Hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy for severe premenstrual syndrome. Cronje W. Hum Reprod; 2004 Sep ; 19(9):2152-5. PubMed ID: 15229203 [Link]; page 254
Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study. Beral V, Million Women Study Collaborators . Lancet; 2003 Aug 9 ; 362(9382):419-27. PubMed ID: 12927427 [Link]; page 257
Influence of personal characteristics of individual women on sensitivity and specificity of mammography in the Million Women Study: cohort study. Banks E, BMJ; 2004 Aug 28 ; 329(7464):477. PubMed ID: 15331472 [Link]; page 257
Role of raloxifene in breast cancer prevention in postmenopausal women: clinical evidence and potential mechanisms of action. Sporn M. Clin Ther; 2004 Jun ; 26(6):830-40. PubMed ID: 15262454[Link]; page 257
Differential association of oral and transdermal oestrogen-replacement therapy with venous thromboembolism risk. Scarabin P, EStrogen and THromboEmbolism Risk Study Group . Lancet; 2003 Aug 9 ; 362(9382):428-32. PubMed ID: 12927428 [Link]; page 257
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BMJ 1997;314:253 (25 January) Randomised controlled trial of aspirin and aspirin plus heparin in pregnant women with recurrent miscarriage associated with phospholipid antibodies (or antiphospholipid antibodies). R Rai [Link]; page 261
Guidelines for the management of lichen sclerosus. Neill SM, British Association of Dermatologists . Br J Dermatol; 2002 Oct ; 147(4):640-9. PubMed ID: 12366407 [Link]; page 266
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Liquid-based cytology: the new screening test for cervical cancer control. McGoogan E. J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care; 2004 Apr ; 30(2):123-5. PubMed ID: 15087002 [Link]; page 270
Efficacy of a bivalent L1 virus-like particle vaccine in prevention of infection with human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 in young women: a randomised controlled trial. Harper DM. Lancet; 2004 Nov 13 ; 364(9447):1757-65. PubMed ID: 15541 [Link]; page 272
Effect of oral contraceptives on risk of cervical cancer in women with human papillomavirus infection: the IARC multicentric case-control study. Moreno V, International Agency for Research on Cancer. Multicentric Cervical Cancer Study Group . Lancet; 2002 Mar 30 ; 359(9312):1085-92. PubMed ID: 11943255 [Link]; page 272
Actas Urol Esp. 1989 Sep-Oct;13(5):343-6 (Spanish). Viladoms Fuster JM. [Human papilloma virus in the male] [Link]; page 272
Cervical cancer. Waggoner SE. Lancet; 2003 Jun 28 ; 361(9376):2217-25. PubMed ID: 12842378[Link]; page 272
The cervical cancer epidemic that screening has prevented in the UK. Author: Peto J. Journal: Lancet; 2004 Jul 17 ; 364(9430):249-56. PubMed ID: 15262102 [Link]; page 273
Pelvic tuberculosis: an uncommon gynaecological problem presenting as ovarian mass. Sinha P, BJOG; 2000 Jan ; 107(1):139-40. PubMed ID: 10645876 [Link]; page 274
Ultrasonographic evaluation of the endometrium in postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. Davidson K .Radiol Clin North Am; 2003 Jul ; 41(4):769-80. PubMed ID: 12899491 [Link]; page 274
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Nat Genet. 2002 Apr;30(4):406-10. Epub 2002 Feb 25. Tomlinson IP. Germline mutations in FH predispose to dominantly inherited uterine fibroids, skin leiomyomata and papillary renal cell cancer.[Link]; page 276
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Raloxifene administration in women treated with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist for uterine leiomyomas: effects on bone metabolism. Palomba S,. J Clin Endocrinol Metab; 2002 Oct ; 87(10):4476-81. PubMed ID: 12364422 [Link]; page 276
Effectiveness of combined GnRH analogue plus raloxifene administration in the treatment of uterine leiomyomas: a prospective, randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Palomba S. Hum Reprod; 2002 Dec ; 17(12):3213-9. PubMed ID: 12456626 [Link]; page 276
Reproductive performance before and after abdominal myomectomy: a retrospective analysis. Marchionni M,. Fertil Steril; 2004 Jul ; 82(1):154-9, quiz 265. PubMed ID: 15237005 [Link]; page 276
Link page 282 no longer available Biology of epithelial ovarian cancer: implications for screening women at high genetic risk. Hogg R, Friedlander M. J Clin Oncol; 2004 Apr 1 ; 22(7):1315-27. PubMed ID: 15051780 [Link]; page 283
Screening postmenopausal women for ovarian cancer: a systematic review.Fung M, Cancer Care Ontario Practice Guidelines Initiative Gynecology Cancer Disease Site Group .J Obstet Gynaecol Can; 2004 Aug ; 26(8):717-28. PubMed ID: 15307976 [Link]; page 283
Treatment of recurrent ovarian cancer: a retrospective analysis of women treated with single-agent carboplatin originally treated with carboplatin and paclitaxel. The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience. Dizon D. Gynecol Oncol; 2003 Dec ; 91(3):584-90. PubMed ID: 14675681 [Link]; page 283
A comparative study of clinical management strategies for vaginal discharge in family planning and genitourinary medicine settings. Author: Melville C, Nandwani R, Bigrigg A, McMahon AD. Journal: J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care; 2005 Jan ; 31(1):26-30. PubMed ID: 15720844 [Link]; page 284
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Chlamydia trachomatis in the United Kingdom: a systematic review and analysis of prevalence studies. Adams E, Sex Transm Infect; 2004 Oct ; 80(5):354-62. PubMed ID: 15459402 [Link]; page 287
An evaluation of economics and acceptability of screening for Chlamydia trachomatis infection, in women attending antenatal, abortion, colposcopy and family planning clinics in Scotland, UK. Norman JE, BJOG; 2004 Nov ; 111(11):1261-8. PubMed ID: 15521872 [Link]; page 287
Emotional aspects of endometriosis: a physician’s perspective. Author: Jones KP. Journal: Clin Obstet Gynecol; 1988 Dec ; 31(4):874-82. PubMed ID: 3229043. [Link]; page 288
The use of thermal biofeedback in the treatment of pain associated with endometriosis: preliminary findings. Author: Hawkins RS, Hart AD. Journal: Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback; 2003 Dec ; 28(4):279-89. PubMed ID: 14686081 [Link]; page 288
Hum Reprod. 2002 Mar;17(3):555-9. Stefansson H. Genetic factors contribute to the risk of developing endometriosis. [Link]; page 290
Adriana Iliescu became pregnant after receiving fertility treatment for nine years. [Link]; page 294
Emergency contraception: latest changes. Webb AM.J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care; 2004 Jan ; 30(1):7-9. [Link]; page 299
Evra--a patch on oral contraception? Drug Ther Bull; 2003 Dec ; 41(12):89-91. PubMed ID: 14723093[Link]; page 304
New Product Review (September 2003). Norelgestromin/ethinyl oestradiol transdermal contraceptive system (Evra). Faculty of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care Clinical Effectiveness Unit . J Fam Plann Reprod Health Care; 2004 Jan ; 30(1):43-5. PubMed ID: 15006313 [Link]; page 304
A pilot open label study of Cystoprotek(R) in interstitial cystitis. Journal: Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol; 2005 January-March ; 18(1):183-188 [Link]; page 306
Improved quality of life in patients with overactive bladder symptoms treated with solifenacin n=1637. Author: Kelleher CJ, Cardozo L, Chapple CR, Haab F, Ridder AM. Journal: BJU Int; 2005 Jan ; 95(1):81-5. PubMed ID: 15638900 [Link]; page 307
Severe complications of hysterectomy: the VALUE study. McPherson K. BJOG; 2004 Jul ; 111(7):688-94. PubMed ID: 15198759 [Link]; page 308
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Chapter 04: Psychiatry
1 Br J Psychiatry. 2002 Jan;180:8-12. Williams DD. The case against; No link available; page 312
2 Hesse [Link]; page 319
3 Salman Rushdie: Midnight’s Children [Link]; page 320
4 George Orwell, Inside the Whale, 1940 [Link]; page 320
5 Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1st ed; Gelder” >[Link]; page 320
6 BMJ 1999;318:186-188. Narrative based medicine. Stories we hear and stories we tell: analysing talk in clinical practice. Glyn Elwyn [Link]; page 321
7 Mishler E, 1984 The Discourse of Medicine: Dialectics of- Medical Interviews, Norwood, NJ, Ablex[Link]; page 321
8 Psychol Bull. 1998 Jul;124(1):22-53. Rind B. A meta-analytic examination of assumed properties of child sexual abuse using college samples. Medline abstract, 59 trials [Link]; page 323
9 Polonius -- W Shakespeare; Hamlet, Prince of Denmark [Link]; page 324
10 Issues of sexual orientation and suicide [Link]; page 328
11 Lucinda Brayford, Martin Boyd. 1952 [Link]; page 328
12 Parents’ problems with gay offspring [Link]; page 328
13 Pollack and Schwartz in their book, The Journey Out - A guide for and about lesbian, gay, and bisexual teens. [Link]; page 328
14 Health Commun. 2000;12(2):195-218. Troth A. Factors predicting safe-sex talk and condom use in early sexual relationships. [Link]; page 328
15 We thank Beth Miller & Justin Williams for formulating this page” >[Link]; page 328
16 London addresses: Family Planning: 2 Pentonville Rd, N1 9FP 0207 837 4044; Brook Centre: 165 Grays Inn Rd, WC1X 8UD; 0207 713 9000. Sex Education Forum: 8 Wakley Street, EC1V 7QE; Contraceptive Education Service 0207 837 4044. [phone numbers]; No links available; page 328
17 Age & Ageing The place of the specialist home for the elderly mentally infirm in the care of mentally disturbed old people. AS de Zoysa and G Blessed; No link available; page 329
18 Worthing Churches Homeless Projects [Link]; page 329
19 Psychiatr Q. 2001 Winter;72(4):291-306. Hellerstein DJ. Integrating services for schizophrenia and substance abuse. [Link]; page 329
20 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(4):CD001088. Ley A. Treatment programmes for people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse. [Link]; page 329
21 J Urol. 2001 Apr;165(4):1158-61. Bohle A. Burn-out of urologists in the county of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany: a comparison of hospital and private practice urologists. [Link]; page 333
22 Patient Educ Couns. 2001 Apr;43(1):23-30. Gorter RC. A career counseling program for dentists: effects on burnout. Medline abstract, n=171 [Link]; page 333
23 Behav Res Ther. 2001 Apr;39(4):423-42. Visser S. The treatment of hypochondriasis: exposure plus response prevention vs cognitive therapy. [Link]; page 334
24 Dissociation in people who have near-death experiences: out of their bodies or out of their minds? Author: Greyson B. Journal: Lancet; 2000 Feb 5 ; 355(9202):460-3. PubMed ID: 10841127 [Link]; page 335
25 Depression: management of depression in primary and secondary care [Link]; page 336
26 Psychiatr Q. 2002 Spring;73(1):71-82. Joseph J. Twin studies in psychiatry and psychology: science or pseudoscience? [Link]; page 336
27 Neurosci Res. 2000 Oct;38(2):193-8. Kram ML. Effects of learned helplessness on brain GABA receptors. [Link]; page 336
28 Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Oct;157(10):1552-62. Sullivan PF. Genetic epidemiology of major depression: review and meta-analysis. [Link]; page 336
29 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000448. Linde K. St John’s wort for depression. Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 336
30 J Affect Disord. 2001 May;64(2-3):261-5. Bschor T. Predictors of response to lithium augmentation in tricyclic antidepressant-resistant depression. [Link]; page 336
31 Link no longer available; page 337
32 CG16 Self-harm - NICE guideline [Link]; page 338
33 Lancet. 2002 Mar 9;359(9309):813-4. Jenkins R. Addressing suicide as a public-health problem.[Link]; page 338
34 BMJ. 2000 Jan 8;320(7227):75A. Yamey G. Suicide rate is decreasing in england and wales. [Link]; page 338
35 Suicide: an unnecessary death [book by Professor Danuta Wasserman, Director of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Suicide Prevention in Stockholm] [Link]; page 338
36 Tokushima J Exp Med. 1994 Dec;41(3-4):115-32. Goto H. Epidemiological studies on regional differences in suicide mortality and its correlation with socioeconomic factors. [Link]; page 338
37 Lancet. 1999 Apr 24;353(9162):1397-400. Appleby L. Aftercare and clinical characteristics of people with mental illness who commit suicide: a case-control study. Medline abstract, n=149 [Link]; page 338
38 Am J Med. 2000 Jan;108(1):54-64. Mulrow CD. Efficacy of newer medications for treating depression in primary care patients. [Link]; page 340
39 J Affect Disord. 2000 Nov;60(2):121-30. Coppen A. Enhancement of the antidepressant action of fluoxetine by folic acid: a randomised, placebo controlled trial. Medline abstract, N=127 [Link]; page 340
40 Br J Psychiatry. 2002 May;180:396-404. Smith D. Efficacy and tolerability of venlafaxine compared with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and other antidepressants: a meta-analysis. Medline abstract, n=5562 [Link]; page 340
41 Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Mar;157(3):351-9. Robinson RG. Nortriptyline versus fluoxetine in the treatment of depression and in short-term recovery after stroke: a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. [Link]; page 340
42 Psychother Psychosom. 1998 Jul-Oct;67(4-5):271-4. Benazzi F. Weight gain in depression remitted with antidepressants: pharmacological or recovery effect? [Link]; page 340
43 Wessely S, Kerwin R. JAMA 2004;292:338-343, 379-381. [Link]; page 34144?
44 Link no longer available; page 341
45 Elkin I et al. National Institute of Mental Health Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program. General effectiveness of treatments. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1989 Nov;46(11):971-82; discussion 983. [Link]; page 341
46 Conte HR et al. Combined psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for depression. A systematic analysis of the evidence. Vol. 43 No. 5, May 1986. [Link]; page 341
47 Paykel ES. Psychotherapy, medication combination and compliance. J Clin Psychiatry. 1995;56(suppl 1):24-30. [Link]; page 341
48 Loonen AJ. Continuation and maintenance therapy with antidepressive agents: meta-analysis of research. Pharm weekly Sci 1991;13: [Link]; page 341
49 Geddes JR et al. Relapse prevention with antidepressant drug treatment in depressive disorders: a systematic review. Lancet 2003;361:653-661 [Link]; page 341
50 Essential Psychpharmacology. Neuroscientific basis and practical applications. Second Edition. Stahl SM. publisher [Link]; page 341
51 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000448. Linde K. St John’s wort for depression. [Link]; page 341
52 Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000 May;57(5):425-34. Sackeim HA. A prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of bilateral and right unilateral electroconvulsive therapy at different stimulus intensities. Medline abstract, N=80 [Link]; page 342
53 J Neurosurg Anesthesiol. 2001 Apr;13(2):93-8. Walder B. Propofol [correction of propfol] versus methohexital for electroconvulsive therapy: a meta-analysis. [Link]; page 343
54 Bipolar Disord. 2001 Apr;3(2):95-104. Daly JJ. ECT in bipolar and unipolar depression: differences in speed of response. Medline abstract, N=228 [Link]; page 343
55 BMJ. 2001 Jul 21;323(7305):130. Ferriman A. Levels of neurosis remained static in the 1990s.[Link]; page 344
56 Psychol Med. 1999 Nov;29(6):1425-34. Fisher PL. Recovery rates in generalized anxiety disorder following psychological therapy: an analysis of clinically significant change in the STAI-T across outcome studies since 1990. Medline abstract, N=404 [Link]; page 344
57 Depress Anxiety. 2001;14(4):255-62. Randall CL. Paroxetine for social anxiety and alcohol use in dual-diagnosed patients. Medline abstract, N=9 [Link]; page 344
58 Ballenger JC. Consensus statement on generalised anxiety disorder from the international consensus group on depression and anxiety. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 2001;62(Suppl. 11):53-58 ; No link available; page 344
59 Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1998 Apr;55(4):317-25. Marks I. Treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder by exposure and/or cognitive restructuring: a controlled study. Medline abstract, N=87 [Link]; page 344
60 J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino). 1997 Feb;38(1):69-75. Ashton C Jr. Self-hypnosis reduces anxiety following coronary artery bypass surgery. A prospective, randomized trial. Medline abstract, N=32 [Link]; page 344
61 Br J Psychiatry. 1999 Aug;175:120-6. Baldwin D. Paroxetine in social phobia/social anxiety disorder. Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Paroxetine Study Group. [Link]; page 346
62 Depress Anxiety. 1999;10(3):89-98. Liebowitz MR. Cognitive-behavioral group therapy versus phenelzine in social phobia: long-term outcome. [Link]; page 346
63 BMJ. 1995 Jul 15;311(6998):167-70. Ramsay R. Recent advances. Psychiatry. [Link]; page 346
64 Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Nov;157(11):1782-8. Simeon D. Feeling unreal: a PET study of depersonalization disorder. [Link]; page 346
65 Camus, Albert--in the Brittanica encyclopaedia [Link]; page 346
66 South Med J. 2001 Feb;94(2):197-204. Radford B. Pokemon contagion: photosensitive epilepsy or mass psychogenic illness? Medline abstract, n=12,000 [Link]; page 346
67 Am J Psychiatry 157:1890, November 2000 New DSM-IV Diagnosis of Acute Stress Disorder--DAVID SPIEGEL [Link]; page 347
68 Posttraumatic Stress Disorder DSM-IV Diagnosis & Criteria [Link]; page 347
69 N Engl J Med. 2002 Jan 10;346(2):108-14. Yehuda R. Post-traumatic stress disorder. [Link]; page 347
70 Semin Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2001 Apr;6(2):131-45. Villarreal G. Brain imaging in posttraumatic stress disorder. [Link]; page 347
71 BMJ 2002 324 1523 and A Van Emmerik 2002 Lancet 360 766 [dual ref]; No link available; page 347
72 World Health Organisation 1992: The Classification of Mental and Behavioural disorders. Geneva:WHO [Link]; page 348
73 J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000 Oct;39(10):1284-92. Lewinsohn PM. Epidemiology and natural course of eating disorders in young women from adolescence to young adulthood. [Link]; page 348
74 Morgan J,Treasure J: Anorexia nervosa diagnosis and treatment [Link]; page 348
75 Behav Res Ther. 1999 Jan;37(1):1-13. Fairburn CG. A cognitive behavioural theory of anorexia nervosa. [Link]; page 348
76 J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2000 Oct;39(10):1284-92. Lewinsohn PM. Epidemiology and natural course of eating disorders in young women from adolescence to young adulthood. [Link]; page 348
77 Psychol Med. 1995 May;25(3):567-79. Wichstrom L. Social, psychological and physical correlates of eating problems. A study of the general adolescent population in Norway. [Link]; page 348
78 Gartner AF, Marcus RN, Halmi K, Loranger AW. DSM-III-R personality disorders in patients with eating disorders Am J Psychiatry. 1989 Dec;146(12):1585-91 [Link]; page 348
79 Br J Psychiatry. 1979 Jan;134:71-8. Halmi KA. Pretreatment predictors of outcome in anorexia nervosa. [Link]; page 348
80 Child Abuse Negl. 1996 Jul;20(7):633-42. Welch SL. Childhood sexual and physical abuse as risk factors for the development of bulimia nervosa: a community-based case control study. [Link]; page 348
81 Morgan J, Treasure J: Anorexia nervosa diagnosis and treatment. [Link]; page 348
82 Morgan JF, Reid F, Lacey JH. The SCOFF questionairre: Assessment of anew screening tool for eating disorders. BMJ. 1999 Dec 4;319:1467-8 [Link]; page 348
83 Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995 Apr;52(4):304-12. Fairburn CG. A prospective study of outcome in bulimia nervosa and the long-term effects of three psychological treatments. Medline abstract, N=99 [Link]; page 348
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267 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001089. Marshall M. Assertive community treatment for people with severe mental disorders. [Link]; page 405
268 Petersen, L. BMJ 2005 331 602 [Link]; page 405
269 Lancet. 2000 Mar 11;355(9207):882-6. Halliday G. Community study of people who live in squalor.[Link]; page 406
270 BMJ. 1994 Jan 1;308(6920):27-30. Fisher N. Estimating numbers of homeless and homeless mentally ill people in north east Westminster by using capture-recapture analysis. [Link]; page 406
271 Household income growth and distribution, 1998. Singapore Dept of Statistics [Link]; page 406
272 BMJ. 1994 Dec 3;309(6967):1470-4. Sloggett A. Higher mortality in deprived areas: community or personal disadvantage? [Link]; page 406
273 First Part of the Ingenious Nobleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, by Miguel De Cerevantes (tr. Edith Grossman) [Link]; page 407
274 Don Quijote de la Mancha [Link]; page 407
275 Shelton’s text is the raciest and most original translation [Link]; page 407
276 Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 1998 Feb;12(1):12-20. Beck CT. The effects of postpartum depression on child development: a meta-analysis. [Link]; page 408
277 J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1994 Jan;35(1):73-112. Cummings EM. Maternal depression and child development. [Link]; page 408
278 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(2):CD002018. Hoffbrand S. Antidepressant drug treatment for postnatal depression. [Link]; page 408
279 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD001690. Lawrie TA. Oestrogens and progestogens for preventing and treating postnatal depression. [Link]; page 408
280 Br J Psychiatry. 1987 Jun;150:782-6. Cox JL. Detection of postnatal depression. Development of the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Medline abstract, n=84 [Link]; page 409
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Chapter 05: Ophthalmology
1 Amblyopy (n.) Weakness of sight, without and opacity of the cornea, or of the interior of the eye; the first degree of amaurosis. [Link]; page 411
2 Panoptic ophthalmoscopes [Link]; page 413
3 Hyphaema HYPERLINK “http://www.synoptik.dk/resources/hyphaema.jpg” [Link]; page 413
4 Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2000 Jul;29(4):463-6. Yip CC. The correction of oriental lower lid involutional entropion using the combined procedure. Medline abstract, N=41 [Link]; page 416
5 Ann Plast Surg. 1999 Dec;43(6):598-605. Yoleri L. Modified temporalis muscle transfer for paralytic eyelids. [Link]; page 416
6 Cornea. 2000 May;19(3):301-6. Choudhuri KK. Clinical and microbiological profile of Bacillus keratitis.[Link]; page 416
7 Ophthalmic Surg Lasers. 1997 Aug;28(8):683-4. Santa Cruz CS. Chalazion-induced hyperopia as a cause of decreased vision. [Link]; page 416
8 Ophthalmic Surg Lasers. 1996 Jun;27(6):431-3. Wessels IF. Lidocaine-prilocaine cream for local-anesthesia chalazion incision in children. [Link]; page 416
9 J AAPOS. 2000 Dec;4(6):379-80. Meisler DM. Oral erythromycin treatment for childhood blepharokeratitis. [Link]; page 416
10 Aust N Z J Ophthalmol. 1998 May;26 Suppl 1:S2-5. Panchapakesan J. Prevalence of pterygium and pinguecula: the Blue Mountains Eye Study. Medline abstract, n=3564 [Link]; page 416
11 Pinguecula [Link]; page 416
12 Link no longer available; page 416
13 Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2000;98:505-32. Wilhelmus KR. The treatment of herpes simplex virus epithelial keratitis. Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 416
14 Cornea. 1995 May;14(3):326-30. Minkovitz JB. Topical interferon alpha-2a treatment of herpes simplex keratitis resistant to multiple antiviral medications in an immunosuppressed patient. [Link]; page 416
15 Tumori. 1998 Jul-Aug;84(4):506-10. De Stefani A. Squamous cell carcinoma of the lacrimal drainage system: case report and literature review. [Link]; page 418
16 Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000 Oct;123(4):488-91. Cokkeser Y. Comparative external versus endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy: results in 115 patients (130 eyes). [Link]; page 418
17 After DP Austin. www.academy.org.uk/tutorials/dilation.htm” >[Link]; page 419
18 An Esp Pediatr. 2000 Dec;53(6):567-72 (Spanish). Rodriguez Ferran L. [Orbital and periorbital cellulitis. Review of 107 cases] [Link]; page 420
19 Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp. 2000 Mar;51(2):113-9 (Spanish). Gomez Campdera J. [Orbital cellulitis in childhood. Medical-surgical treatment] [Link]; page 420
20 Neurochirurgia (Stuttg). 1982 Jan;25(1):7-10 (German). Willenberg E. [The treatment of carotico-cavernous fistulas, past and present (author’s transl)] [Link]; page 420
21 Ugeskr Laeger. 1995 Nov 27;157(48):6725-8 (Danish). Poulsgard L. [Surgical treatment of carotid-cavernous fistulas. A description of open surgical techniques in the treatment of carotid-cavernous fistula with preserved normal flow in the internal carotid artery] [Link]; page 420
22 Ugeskr Laeger. 1994 Oct 31;156(44):6541-8 (Danish). Bartholdy NJ. [Interventional neuroradiology. A presentation with preliminary results] [Link]; page 420
23 J Am Optom Assoc. 1997 Aug;68(8):527-38. McPherson RE. Herpes zoster ophthalmicus and the immunocompromised host: a case report and review. [Link]; page 420
24 Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1999 Feb 28;119(6):794-5 (Norwegian). Baggesen K. [Leukocoria (white pupil) among children--mother is always right] [Link]; page 421
25 Nippon Rinsho. 2000 Jul;58(7):1413-8 (Japanese). Kaneko A. [Retinoblastoma] [Link]; page 421
26 Drugs. 1999 Dec;58(6):983-96. Finger PT. Chemotherapy for retinoblastoma: a current topic. [Link]; page 421
27 Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Mar;129(3):396-8. Smith JH. Siblings of retinoblastoma patients: are we underestimating their risk? [Link]; page 421
28 Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1998 Feb;76(1):27-7. Lennerstrand G. Treatment of strabismus and nystagmus with botulinum toxin type A. An evaluation of effects and complications. [Link]; page 422
29 Binocul Vis Strabismus Q. 2000 Winter;15(4):351-6. Molteno AC. A comparative trial of Gobin’s method versus conventional surgery for refractive/accommodative esotropia uncorrected by non-surgical methods. [Link]; page 422
30 Isolated sixth nerve palsy: an uncommon presenting sign of multiple sclerosis. Author: Barr D, Kupersmith MJ, Turbin R, Bose S, Roth R. Journal: J Neurol; 2000 Sep ; 247(9):701-4. PubMed ID: 11081810 [Link]; page 422
31 Singapore Med J. 1999 Jun;40(6):405-9. Quah BL. A review of 5 years’ experience in the use of botulinium toxin A in the treatment of sixth cranial nerve palsy at the Singapore National Eye Centre. Medline abstract, n=19 [Link]; page 422
32 Eye movement [Link]; page 423
33 Oblique primary, secondary, and tertiary actions [Link]; page 423
34 See Blue Mountain Eye Study 2004 BJ Ophthalmology 88 1119 & BMJ 2004 329 692 [Link]; page 423
35 Strabusmus lecture notes [Link]; page 423
36 J Fr Ophtalmol. 1992;15(4):243-7 (French). Maselli E. [Surgical treatment of strabismus by sagittal cutting of the oblique muscles. Apropos of 449 cases] Medline abstract, n=449 [Link]; page 423
37 Am J Hum Genet. 1998 Jul;63(1):109-19. Young TL. Evidence that a locus for familial high myopia maps to chromosome 18p. [Link]; page 426
38 Prog Retin Eye Res. 2000 Jul;19(4):421-57. Crewther DP. The role of photoreceptors in the control of refractive state. [Link]; page 426
39 BMJ 2002;324:1195-1199 Myopia--Douglas R Fredrick [Link]; page 426
40 BMJ 2002;324:1195-1199 ( 18 May Myopia. Douglas R Fredrick [Link]; page 426
41 Ophthalmology. 2002 Jan;109(1):175-87. Sugar A. Laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia and astigmatism: safety and efficacy: a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. [Link]; page 426
42 Klin Monatsbl Augenheilkd. 1997 May;210(5):316-8 (French). Safran AB. [Scotomas: assessment by the patient and by the physician. There’s nothing to see] [Link]; page 428
43 J Heart Lung Transplant 1996 Nov;15(11):1158-64 (English), Drachman BM. [Cortical blindness secondary to cyclosporine after orthotopic heart transplantation: a case report and review of the literature] [Link]; page 428
44 Ophthalmologica. 1997;211(6):354-7. Yuksel N. Short-term effect of apraclonidine on intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients receiving timolol and pilocarpine. [Link]; page 430
45 Ophthalmology. 1999 Jun;106(6):1135-9. Ren J. Efficacy of apraclonidine 1% versus pilocarpine 4% for prophylaxis of intraocular pressure spike after argon laser trabeculoplasty. [Link]; page 430
46 Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987 Oct 3;295(6602):812-3. Talbot EM. A simple test to diagnose iritis.[Link]; page 430
47 Ophthalmology. 1999 Dec;106(12):2377-9. Read RW. Episcleritis in childhood. [Link]; page 432
48 Br J Ophthalmol. 1981 Sep;65(9):641-3. Lloyd-Jones D. Clinical evaluation of clobetasone butyrate eye drops in episcleritis. [Link]; page 432
49 Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Oct;130(4):469-76. Jabs DA. Episcleritis and scleritis: clinical features and treatment results. [Link]; page 432
50 Acta Ophthalmol Scand Suppl. 1999;(228):43-6. Discepola M. Comparison of the topical ocular antiallergic efficacy of emedastine 0.05% ophthalmic solution to ketorolac 0.5% ophthalmic solution in a clinical model of allergic conjunctivitis. [Link]; page 432
51 Bacterial keratitis in Christchurch, New Zealand, 1997-;2001. Author: Hall RC, McKellar MJ.--Journal: Clin Experiment Ophthalmol; 2004 Oct ; 32(5):478-81. PubMed ID: 15498058 [Link]; page 433
52 J Neuroophthalmol. 2000 Dec;20(4):273-5. Schauble B. Ophthalmic artery microembolism in giant cell arteritis. [Link]; page 434
53 Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2000 Dec;75(12):819-24 (Spanish). Salazar JJ. [Apoptosis in ischemic optic neuropathy] [Link]; page 434
54 Acute Optic Neuritis [Link]; page 434
55 Transient loss of vision [Link]; page 434
56 Optometry. 2000 Nov;71(11):703-14. Wong DM. Case presentations of retinal artery occlusions.[Link]; page 435
57 Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1999 Dec;237(12):1024-7. Battaglia Parodi M. Grid laser treatment in macular branch retinal vein occlusion. [Link]; page 435
58 Ophthalmologica. 1996;210(3):168-70. Kiryu J. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment for macular edema in retinal vein occlusion: relation to severity of retinal leakage. [Link]; page 435
59 Cesk Oftalmol. 1992 Mar;48(2):132-8 (Czech). Rehak J. [Retinal vein occlusion. III. Initial experience with therapy of retinal vein occlusion with an argon laser] [Link]; page 435
60 Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2000 Aug;78(4):456-9. Erdol H. Arterial crimping in branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema. Medline abstract, n=72 [Link]; page 435
61 Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2000 Nov-Dec;44(6):685-7. Suzuki A. Investigation of blood flow velocity by color Doppler imaging in nonischemic central retinal vein occlusion with collateral veins. [Link]; page 435
62 Brain. 1998 Oct;121 ( Pt 10):1819-40, (English) Manford M. [Complex visual hallucinations. Clinical and neurobiological insights.] [Link]; page 438
63 Australas Radiol. 2000 Aug;44(3):338-40. Sia S. Treatment of choroidal melanoma by stereotactic radiosurgery. [Link]; page 438
64 Risk of macular degeneration in users of statins: cross sectional study. Nigel F Hall. BMJ 2001;323:375-376 [Link]; page 438
65 Am J Ophthalmol. 1993 Jul 15;116(1):84-7. Rizzo JF 3rd. Tobacco amblyopia. [Link]; page 438
66 Acta Neurol Scand. 1985 Aug;72(2):180-7. Krumsiek J. Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia neuro-ophthalmological findings and clinical course. [Link]; page 438
67 Arukoru Kenkyuto Yakubutsu Ison. 1994 Apr;29(2):114-20 (Japanese). Miyashita H. [A case of Wernicke’s encephalopathy which accompanied a passing blindness] [Link]; page 438
68 Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr. 1985 Mar;53(3):88-93 (German). Krumsiek J. [Tobacco-alcohol amblyopia. Clinical course in 33 patients] [Link]; page 438
69 BMJ. 1998 May 30;316(7145):1643-6. Reidy A. Prevalence of serious eye disease and visual impairment in a north London population: population based, cross sectional study. [Link]; page 439
70 Ophthalmology. 1981 Oct;88(10):1066-80 Pathology and pathogenesis of drusen of the optic nervehead. Tso MO [Link]; page 439
71 Drusen [Link]; page 439
72 MRC Ophthalmology questions; Mr CN Chau HYPERLINK “http://www.mrcophth.com/” [Link]; page 439
73 Surv Ophthalmol. 2000 Nov-Dec;45(3):195-214. Schmidt-Erfurth U. Mechanisms of action of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration. [Link]; page 439
74 BMJ. 2000 Dec 9;321(7274):1425-7. Bressler NM. Age related macular degeneration. New hope for a common problem comes from photodynamic therapy. [Link]; page 439
75 Arch Ophthalmol. 1993 Sep;111(9):1189-99. Five-year follow-up of fellow eyes of patients with age-related macular degeneration and unilateral extrafoveal choroidal neovascularization. Macular Photocoagulation Study Group. [Link]; page 439
76 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000254. Evans JR. Antioxidant vitamin and mineral supplements for age-related macular degeneration. Medline abstract, meta-analysis [Link]; page 439
77 Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Oct;130(4):429-40. The Advanced Glaucoma Intervention Study (AGIS): 7. The relationship between control of intraocular pressure and visual field deterioration.The AGIS Investigators. Medline abstract, N=738 [Link]; page 440
78 Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Nov;130(5):670-2. Hashimoto M. Normal-tension glaucoma with reversed ophthalmic artery flow. [Link]; page 440
79 Extra risk with moderate use: 34%; heavy use: 74%. Journal of Environmental and Community Health Toho University [Link]; page 440
80 Conn Med. 2000 Feb;64(2):75-8. Palmisano P. Glaucoma and race: a case for screening in Connecticut. [Link]; page 440
81 Optom Vis Sci. 1999 Aug;76(8):537-43. Harper RA. Glaucoma screening: the importance of combining test data. [Link]; page 440
82 Lancet. 1995 Jun 24;345(8965):1604-6. Diggory P. Avoiding unsuspected respiratory side-effects of topical timolol with cardioselective or sympathomimetic agents. Medline abstract, N=80 [Link]; page 440
83 69 Arch Ophthalmol. 1997 Jul;115(7):853-6. Stewart WC. Daily cost of beta-adrenergic blocker therapy. [Link]; page 440
84 Ophthalmology. 1999 Dec;106(12 Suppl):17-24. Clineschmidt CM. A randomized trial in patients inadequately controlled with timolol alone comparing the dorzolamide-timolol combination to monotherapy with timolol or dorzolamide. Medline abstract, N=253 [Link]; page 440
85 Br J Ophthalmol. 2001 Aug;85(8):983-90. Zhang WY. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials comparing latanoprost with timolol in the treatment of patients with open angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. [Link]; page 440
86 Dany Najjar, MD. GLAUCOMA made ridiculously simpleÉ HYPERLINK “http://www.eyeweb.org/glaucoma.htm” [Link]; page 441
87 Long-term outcomes in asians after acute primary angle closure. Author: Aung T, Friedman DS, Chew PT, Ang LP, Gazzard G, Lai YF, Yip L, Lai H, Quigley H, Seah SK. Journal: Ophthalmology; 2004 Aug ; 111(8):1464-9. PubMed ID: 15288972 [Link]; page 441
88 MRC Ophthalmology questions; Mr CN Chau HYPERLINK “http://www.mrcophth.com/” [Link]; page 441
89 Glaucoma [Link]; page 441
90 Predictive factors of the optic nerve head for development or progression of glaucomatous visual field loss. Author: Jonas JB, Martus P, Horn FK, JŸnemann A, Korth M, Budde WM. Journal: Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci; 2004 Aug ; 45(8):2613-8. PubMed ID: 15277484. [Link]; page 441
91 Association of magnetic resonance imaging of anterior optic pathway with glaucomatous visual field damage and optic disc cupping. Author: Kashiwagi K, Okubo T, Tsukahara S. Journal: J Glaucoma; 2004 Jun ; 13(3):189-95. PubMed ID: 15118461 [Link]; page 441
92 Link no longer available; page 441
93 Link no longer available; page 442
94 The American Society for Nutritional Sciences J. Nutr. 134:3225-3232, December 2004. Xanthophylls and -Tocopherol Decrease UVB-Induced Lipid Peroxidation and Stress Signaling in Human Lens Epithelial Cells [Link]; page 443
95 Link no longer available; page 444
96 Retinal detatchment [Link]; page 444
97 Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2000 Aug;75(8):547-53 (Spanish). Blanco MJ. [Retinitis pigmentosa: results of rhodopsin gene analysis in the Galician population] [Link]; page 444
98 BMJ. 1993 Jan 16;306(6871):187-9. Leese GP. Use of mobile screening unit for diabetic retinopathy in rural and urban areas. [Link]; page 446
99 N Engl J Med. 2002 Apr 11;346(15):1119-26. Martin DF. A controlled trial of valganciclovir as induction therapy for cytomegalovirus retinitis. [Link]; page 448
100 Ocular and systemic causes of retinopathy in patients without diabetes mellitus--Jayant Venkatramani. BMJ 2004;328:625-629 (13 March) [Link]; page 448
101 We thank Mr J F Cullen FRCS for permission to reproduce the images; page 449
102 We thank Mr J F Cullen FRCS for permission to reproduce the images; page 449
103 We thank Mr J F Cullen FRCS for permission to reproduce the images; page 449
104 We thank Mr J F Cullen FRCS for permission to reproduce the images; page 449
105 We thank Mr J F Cullen FRCS for permission to reproduce the images; page 449
106 Link no longer available; page 449
107 We thank Mr J F Cullen FRCS for permission to reproduce the images” >[Link]; page 449
108 Med J Aust. 2000 Feb 21;172(4):163-6. Laming AC. A targeted, single-dose azithromycin strategy for trachoma. [Link]; page 450
109 Trop Med Int Health. 2000 Aug;5(8):515-27. Emerson PM. Review of the evidence base for the ‘F’ and ‘E’ components of the SAFE strategy for trachoma control. [Link]; page 450
110 BMC Public Health. 2001;1(1):12. Alley WS. Macrofilaricides and onchocerciasis control, mathematical modelling of the prospects for elimination. [Link]; page 450
111 Link no longer available; page 452
112 J Fam Pract. 1998 Oct;47(4):264-70. Flynn CA. Should we patch corneal abrasions? A meta-analysis. [Link]; page 452
113 Eye. 1993;7 ( Pt 3):468-71. Kirkpatrick JN. No eye pad for corneal abrasion. [Link]; page 452
114 Med Health R I. 2000 Dec;83(12):395. Perlman EM. Patching the eye improves comfort and healing in patients with corneal abrasions. [Link]; page 452
115 Ophthalmology. 1996 Jan;103(1):152-6. Seiff SR. Hypertropia and the posterior blowout fracture: Mechanism and management. [Link]; page 453
116 RNIB shop [Link]; page 454
117 Arch Ophthalmol. 1996 Aug;114(8):933-7. Leibowitz HM. Intraocular pressure-raising potential of 1.0% rimexolone in patients responding to corticosteroids. [Link]; page 456
118 Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 1999 Feb;10(1):29-35. Rowen S. Preoperative and postoperative medications used for cataract surgery. [Link]; page 456
119 Arch Ophthalmol. 1997 Jul;115(7):847-52. Schuman JS. A 1-year study of brimonidine twice daily in glaucoma and ocular hypertension. A controlled, randomized, multicenter clinical trial. Chronic Brimonidine Study Group. [Link]; page 457
120 Link no longer available; page 459
121 Ophthalmology. 2000 Jan;107(1):112-7. Tomlinson A. Salicylate inhibition of Acanthamoeba attachment to contact lenses: a model to reduce risk of infection. [Link]; page 459
122 J Psychosom Res. 2000 Jun;48(6):589-91. Wenzel T. Psychiatric disorders in patients with blepharospasm - a reactive pattern? [Link]; page 460
123 Lancet. 2000 Oct 21;356(9239):1413. Hirayama M. Improvement of apraxia of eyelid opening by wearing goggles. [Link]; page 460
124 J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1996 Dec;98(6 Pt 1):1045-50. Hammann C. Comparison of effects of topical levocabastine and nedocromil sodium on the early response in a conjunctival provocation test with allergen. [Link]; page 460
125 Allergy. 1998 Sep;53(9):857-62. Giede-Tuch C. Azelastine eye-drops in seasonal allergic conjunctivitis or rhinoconjunctivitis. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. [Link]; page 460
126 Clin Exp Allergy. 1992 Oct;22(10):929-32. Leino M. Double-blind group comparative study of 2% nedocromil sodium eye drops with 2% sodium cromoglycate and placebo eye drops in the treatment of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. Medline abstract, N=185 [Link]; page 460
127 Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2000 Mar-Apr;44(2):146-50. Rohatgi J. Phlyctenular eye disease: a reappraisal.[Link]; page 460
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
Brain Regions That Decide Where We Look [Link]; page 410
Outcomes of dacryocystorhinostomy in patients with head and neck tumors. Author: Diba R, Saadati H, Esmaeli B. Journal: Head Neck; 2005 Jan ; 27(1):72-5. PubMed ID: 15565560 [Link]; page 418
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Abdominal cramp as an adverse effect of travoprost. Author: Lee YC. Journal: Am J Ophthalmol; 2005 Jan ; 139(1):202-3. PubMed ID: 15652856 [Link]; page 440
Revisiting the Importance of Disc Size. Peter E. Libre, MD, Norwalk, Conn. [Link]; page 441
A retrospective study of endophtalmitis rates comparing quinolone antibiotics. Author: Jensen MK, Fiscella RG, Crandall AS, Moshirfar M, Mooney B, Wallin T, Olson RJ. Journal: Am J Ophthalmol; 2005 Jan ; 139(1):141-8. PubMed ID: 15652838. [Link]; page 442
Retinal detachment with macular holes in infants with retinopathy of prematurity. Author: Ahmad OF, Hirose T. Journal: Arch Ophthalmol; 2005 Jan ; 123(1):54-7. PubMed ID: 15642812 [Link]; page 445
Risks of progression of retinopathy and vision loss related to tight blood pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus: UKPDS 69. Author: Matthews DR, Stratton IM, Aldington SJ, Holman RR, Kohner EM, UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group . Journal: Arch Ophthalmol; 2004 Nov ; 122(11):1631-40. PubMed ID: 15534123 [Link]; page 446
Medicine (Baltimore). 2000 Sep;79(5):283-92. Gonzalez-Gay MA. Visual manifestations of giant cell arteritis. Trends and clinical spectrum in 161 patients. [Link]; page 448
Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2000 Dec;75(12):831-4 (Spanish). Peris Martinez C. [Amaurosis fugax as the early manifestation of orbital schwannoma] [Link]; page 448
Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 1999 May;39(5):577-80 (Japanese). Izumi Y. [A case of giant meningioma that induced visual changes similar to those observed in amaurosis fugax in an early stage of disease][Link]; page 448
Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 1999 Apr;77(2):224-6. McKibbin M. Recurrent amaurosis fugax without haemodynamically significant ipsilateral carotid stenosis. [Link]; page 448
Cornea. 2000 May;19(3):393-4. Watts P. Tarantula keratouveitis. [Link]; page 448
Link no longer avalable; page 448
TA \c 14 \l “PAGE 11 Medicine (Baltimore). 2000 Sep;79(5):283-92. Gonzalez-Gay MA. Visual manifestations of giant cell arteritis. Trends and clinical spectrum in 161 patients.[Link]; page 448
J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998 Jul;65(1):131-2. Cates CA. Transient monocular visual loss due to uveitis-glaucoma-hyphaema (UGH) syndrome. [Link]; page 448
Trends in contact lens-related corneal ulcers. Author: Mah-Sadorra JH, Yavuz SG, Najjar DM, Laibson PR, Rapuano CJ, Cohen EJ. Journal: Cornea; 2005 Jan ; 24(1):51-8. PubMed ID: 15604867. [Link]; page 458
Health-related quality of life in blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm. Author: Reimer J, Gilg K, Karow A, Esser J, Franke GH. Journal: Acta Neurol Scand; 2005 Jan ; 111(1):64-70. PubMed ID: 15595940. Abstract: Reimer J, Gilg K, Karow A, Esser J, Franke GH. [Link]; page 460
The effect of hinge position and depth plate on the rate of recovery of corneal sensation following LASIK. Author: Nassaralla BA, McLeod SD, Boteon JE, Nassaralla JJ. Journal: Am J Ophthalmol; 2005 Jan ; 139(1):118-24. PubMed ID: 15652836 [Link]; page 464
Chapter 06: Primary care
1 What is Health Promotion? [Link]; page 470
2 John Stone (b. 1936) A poet, essayist, cardiologist, and lecturer, John Henry Stone--John Stone is a former professor of medicine, associate dean... [Link]; page 470
3 European definition of General Practice/Family Medicine. Academic review and analysis - The core competencies [Link]; page 471
4 UK DoH Nov 2004 [Link]; page 472
5 UK government statistics [Link]; page 472
6 BMJ. 2002 Jun 8;324(7350):1347-8. Pencheon D. Intermediate care. [Link]; page 472
7 Health Serv J. 2002 May 9;112(5804):22-4. Robinson J. Bed-blocking. Discharge of the late brigade.[Link]; page 472
8 Developing intermediate care provided by general practitioners with a special interest: the economic perspective. Author: Kernick DP. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 2003 Jul ; 53(492):553-6. PubMed ID: 14694670. [Link]; page 472
9 J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998 Dec;9(12 Suppl):S141-4. Latham CE. Is there data to support the concept that educated, empowered patients have better outcomes? [Link]; page 473
10 Respir Care. 1994 May;39(5):566-79; discussion 579-83. Make B. Collaborative self-management strategies for patients with respiratory disease. [Link]; page 473
11 Med Inform (Lond). 1996 Oct-Dec;21(4):297-316. Albisser AM. Diabetes intervention in the information age. [Link]; page 473
12 Br J Community Nurs. 2002 Feb;7(2):90-3. Picton C. Maintaining and developing competencies in nurse prescribing. [Link]; page 474
13 BMJ. 2002 Apr 6;324(7341):819-23. Horrocks S. Systematic review of whether nurse practitioners working in primary care can provide equivalent care to doctors. [Link]; page 474
14 BMJ. 2000 Apr 15;320(7241):1043-8. Kinnersley P. Randomised controlled trial of nurse practitioner versus general practitioner care for patients requesting “same day” consultations in primary care. [Link]; page 474
15 E Wilkinson 2005 Matrons plan ‘will not cust admissions’ [Link]; page 474
16 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(1):CD001025. Bower P. Effectiveness and cost effectiveness of counselling in primary care. [Link]; page 474
17 BMJ 2002;325:687. Patients’ perceptions of entitlement to time in general practice consultations for depression: qualitative study [Link]; page 476
18 Evolving general practice consultation in Britain: issues of length and context [Link]; page 476
19 Telephone consultations to manage requests for same-day appointments: a randomised controlled trial in two practices. Author: McKinstry B, Walker J, Campbell C, Heaney D, Wyke S. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 2002 Apr ; 52(477):306-10. PubMed ID: 11942448 [Link]; page 477
20 Axone. 1996 Mar;17(3):60-5. Rohs G. Progressive supranuclear palsy: managing the disabilities and providing nursing support. [Link]; page 477
21 Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am. 2002 Jun;14(2):215-7. Basile CM. Patient and community education in advance directives. [Link]; page 477
22 P Tate 2000 Practit 244 904; page 478
23 BMJ 2004;328:441 (21 February), doi:10.1136/bmj.37999.716157.44 Little, P. || Kendrick, T. Randomised controlled trial of effect of leaflets to empower patients in consultations in primary care Paul Little [Link]; page 478
24 BMJ 2001;322:444-445 ( 24 February )Towards a global definition of patient centred care. The patient should be the judge of patient centred care [Link]; page 478
25 Patients decide how low they go, not targets [Link]; page 478
26 JRCGP 1979 29 201; page 478
27 Lancet. 1996 Oct 5;348(9032):941-3 Evidence in consultations: interpreted and individualised. Sullivan FM [Link]; page 479
28 A Johnstone Int J Sci Ed 15 663; page 479
29 Lancet. 1995 Apr 22;345(8956):1032-4. Lancet. 1995 Jul 29;346(8970):313.Lancet. 1995 Jun 3;345(8962):1440-1. How can we test clinical reasoning? van der Vleuten CP [Link]; page 479
30 Lancet. 1995 Apr 22;345(8956):1032-4. Lancet. 1995 Jul 29;346(8970):313.Lancet. 1995 Jun 3;345(8962):1440-1. How can we test clinical reasoning? van der Vleuten CP [Link]; page 479
31 Iris Murdoch 1993 The Green Night, Penguin [Link]; page 479
32 T Greenhalgh 1996 BMJ ii 957; page 481
33 CHD NSF [Link]; page 482
34 P Bars 1998 E-BM 2 80; page 482
35 Science 2004 [Link]; page 484
36 Link no longer available; page 484
37 Link no longer available; page 484
38 Link no longer available; page 486
39 Link no longer available; page 487
40 Ugeskr Laeger. 2002 Jan 28;164(5):607-9 (Danish). Hansen LJ. [Interventions to improve the management of diabetes mellitus in primary health care and outpatient community settings] Medline abstract, Meta-analysis [Link]; page 488
41 Lancet. 1995 Oct 14;346(8981):990-4. Vierhout WP. Effectiveness of joint consultation sessions of general practitioners and orthopaedic surgeons for locomotor-system disorders. [Link]; page 488
42 Lancet. 1995 Oct 14;346(8981):990-4. Vierhout WP. Effectiveness of joint consultation sessions of general practitioners and orthopaedic surgeons for locomotor-system disorders. [Link]; page 488
43 BMJ. 2001 Oct 27;323(7319):957-62. McAlister FA. Randomised trials of secondary prevention programmes in coronary heart disease: systematic review. Medline abstract, N=874, meta-analysis[Link]; page 488
44 A 5-year randomized controlled study of learning, problem solving ability, and quality of life modifications in people with type 2 diabetes managed by group care. Author: Trento M, Passera P, Borgo E, Tomalino M, Bajardi M, Cavallo F, Porta M. Journal: Diabetes Care; 2004 Mar ; 27(3):670-5. PubMed ID: 14988283. [Link]; page 488
45 BMJ. 2001 Oct 27;323(7319):970-5. Olivarius NF. Randomised controlled trial of structured personal care of type 2 diabetes mellitus. [Link]; page 488
46 General practitioners’ use of guidelines in the consultation and their attitudes to them. Author: Watkins C, Harvey I, Langley C, Gray S, Faulkner A. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 1999 Jan ; 49(438):11-5. PubMed ID: 10622009. [Link]; page 490
47 et menus and clinical freedom. Author: O’Dowd TC, Wilson AD. Journal: BMJ; 1991 Aug 24 ; 303(6800):450-2. PubMed ID: 1912839. [Link]; page 490
48 Clinical Guidelines RCGP Occ p 58 1992, J Grimshaw 1993 Lancet 342 1317 & Clinical Resource & Audit Group 1993 Clinical Guidelines, Scottish Office; page 490
49 he effects of regulation, competition, and ownership on mortality rates among hospital inpatients. Author: Shortell SM, Hughes EF. Journal: N Engl J Med; 1988 Apr 28 ; 318(17):1100-7. PubMed ID: 3127713. [Link]; page 490
50 JAMA. 1994 May 25;271(20):1609-14. Turner JA. The importance of placebo effects in pain treatment and research. [Link]; page 491
51 BMJ. 1994 Jul 9;309(6947):69-70. Oh VM. The placebo effect: can we use it better? [Link]; page 491
52 J Fam Pract. 2000 Jul;49(7):649-54. Brody H. The placebo response. Recent research and implications for family medicine. [Link]; page 491
53 Mosby? Guide to Physical examination. 3e Henry Siedel et al.Mosby 1995 [Link]; page 492
54 Tahseen A Chowdhury, Preventing diabetes in south Asians BMJ 2003;327:1059-1060 (8 November), doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7423.1059 [Link]; page 492
55 BMJ. 1995 Nov 25;311(7017):1439. Brafman AH. Beware of the distorting interpreter. [Link]; page 493
56 BMJ. 1998 May 16;316(7143):1476. Jones D. Breaking down language barriers. The NHS needs to provide accessible interpreting services for all. [Link]; page 493
57 Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1998 Jan 20;118(2):253-4 (Norwegian). Karlsen WB. [The telephone interpreter. A good alternative to the traditional interpreter] [Link]; page 493
58 BMJ 1995;311:555-557 How To Do It: Work with an interpreter--Michael Phelan [Link]; page 493
59 BMJ. 1996 May 18;312(7041):1274-8. Wonderling D. What can be concluded from the Oxcheck and British family heart studies: commentary on cost effectiveness analyses. [Link]; page 495
60 BMJ 1995;310:1099-1104 Effectiveness of health checks conducted by nurses in primary care: final results of the OXCHECK study [Link]; page 495
61 J Telemed Telecare. 2001;7 Suppl 2:65-7. Faulkner K. Successes and failures in videoconferencing: a community health education programme. [Link]; page 495
62 J Adolesc Health. 2001 Dec;29(6):436-46. Brieger WR. West African Youth Initiative: outcome of a reproductive health education program. [Link]; page 495
63 A 5-year randomized controlled study of learning, problem solving ability, and quality of life modifications in people with type 2 diabetes managed by group care. Author: Trento M, Passera P, Borgo E, Tomalino M, Bajardi M, Cavallo F, Porta M. Journal: Diabetes Care; 2004 Mar ; 27(3):670-5. PubMed ID: 14988283. [Link]; page 496
64 Qual Health Care. 2001 Dec;10 Suppl 2:ii70-8. Heard SR. Continuous quality improvement: educating towards a culture of clinical governance. [Link]; page 497
65 BMJ. 1998 May 16;316(7143):1521-4. Parkes CM. Facing loss. [Link]; page 499
66 Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986 Oct 4;293(6551):835-6. McAvoy BR. Death after bereavement. [Link]; page 499
67 BMJ. 1988 Oct 8;297(6653):907-9. Maguire P. Communicate with cancer patients: 1. Handling bad news and difficult questions. [Link]; page 499
68 CMAJ. 1997 Apr 15;156(8):1159-64. Garg A. Teaching medical students how to break bad news.[Link]; page 499
69 F Sullivan E-BM 1 96; page 502
70 Quality and the New UK GP contract [Link]; page 502
71 I Purves 1998 JRCGP 48 1552; M Johnston 1994 Arch Int Med 120 135 PRODIGY: implementing clinical guidance using computers. Purves IN. Br J Gen Pract; 1998 Sep ; 48(434):1552-3. PubMed ID: 9830177; page 502
72 AskMEDLINE: Paul Fontelo 2005 [Link]; page 504
73 J R Coll Surg Edinb. 2000 Apr;45(2):71-3. McKay AJ. Revalidation: the catalyst for change in continuing professional development? [Link]; page 508
74 Development of a questionnaire to assess patients’ satisfaction with consultations in general practice. Author: Baker R. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 1990 Dec ; 40(341):487-90. PubMed ID: 2282225[Link]; page 510
75 B Billinghurst 1993 BJGP 43 336; page 510
76 Characteristics of physicians with participatory decision-making styles. Author: Kaplan SH, Greenfield S, Gandek B, Rogers WH, Ware JE. Journal: Ann Intern Med; 1996 Mar 1 ; 124(5):497-504. PubMed ID: 8602709. [Link]; page 510
77 Smoking cessation: evidence based recommendations for the healthcare system. Editorial by Coleman et al [Link]; page 512
78 BMJ 1999;318:285-289. Nicotine nasal spray with nicotine patch for smoking cessation: randomised trial with six year follow up. Thorsteinn Blondal [Link]; page 512
79 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(1):CD000031. Related Articles, Books, LinkOut Update in: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(2):CD000031. Update of: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(4):CD000031. Antidepressants for smoking cessation. Hughes JR [Link]; page 512
80 P Frid 2002 EBM 7 61” >[Link]; page 513
81 J Gaziano 1995 BMJ 311 3 [Link]; page 513
82 Alcohol as a key area. Anderson P.BMJ; 1991 Sep 28 ; 303(6805):766-8. PubMed ID: 1932941[Link]; page 513
83 Effectiveness of general practice interventions for patients with harmful alcohol consumption. Author: Anderson P. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 1993 Sep ; 43(374):386-9. PubMed ID: 8251237. [Link]; page 513
84 Effectiveness of general practice interventions for patients with harmful alcohol consumption. Author: Anderson P. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 1993 Sep ; 43(374):386-9. PubMed ID: 8251237. [Link]; page 513
85 A follow-up survey of alcohol consumption and knowledge in medical students.Author: Granville-Chapman JE, Yu K, White PD.Journal: Alcohol Alcohol; 2001 Nov-Dec ; 36(6):540-3. PubMed ID: 11704619 [Link]; page 513
86 dentifying three types of violent offenders and predicting violent recidivism while on probation: a classification tree analysis. Author: Stalans LJ, Yarnold PR, Seng M, Olson DE, Repp M. Journal: Law Hum Behav; 2004 Jun ; 28(3):253-71. PubMed ID: 15264446. [Link]; page 514
87 Violent Women, Blame Attribution, Crime, and Personality G. Weizmann-Henelius [Link]; page 514
88 T Graves Responsibility for Violence [Link]; page 514
89 DoH 1998 Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths, Chapter 13; page 514
90 A Sandell 1998 Oxford Handbook of Patient? Welfare; page 514
91 Predicting future injury among women in abusive relationships. Author: Crandall ML, Nathens AB, Kernic MA, Holt VL, Rivara FP. Journal: J Trauma; 2004 Apr ; 56(4):906-12; discussion 912. PubMed ID: 15187761. [Link]; page 514
92 Parent-child interaction therapy with physically abusive parents: efficacy for reducing future abuse reports.Author: Chaffin M, Silovsky JF, Funderburk B, Valle LA, Brestan EV, Balachova T, Jackson S, Lensgraf J, Bonner BL.Journal: J Consult Clin Psychol; 2004 Jun ; 72(3):500-10. PubMed ID: 15279533. [Link]; page 514
93 J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2003 Feb;84(2-3):259-68. Comparison of hormonal activity (estrogen, androgen and progestin) of standardized plant extracts for large scale use in hormone replacement therapy. Beck V [Link]; page 515
94 Remifemin site--AND W Stoll 1987 Therapeutikon 1-15 [Link]; page 515
95 Int J Fertil Womens Med. 2003 Mar-Apr;48(2):64-8. Alternatives to HRT: an evidence-based review.Taylor M. [Link]; page 515
96 The management of minor illness by general practitioners.Whitehouse CR, Hodgkin P. J R Coll Gen Pract; 1985 Dec ; 35(281):581-3. PubMed ID: 4093903 [Link]; page 517
97 Curing minor illness in general practice. Marsh GN. Br Med J; 1977 Nov 12 ; 2(6097):1267-9. PubMed ID: 589134[Link]; page 517
98 Management of minor illness. Morrell DC, Avery AJ, Watkins CJ. Br Med J; 1980 Mar 15 ; 280(6216):769-71. PubMed ID: 7370651 [Link]; page 517
99 P Howie 1997 RCGP Occ Pap 75 [no link]; page 517
100 Drug Ther Bull. 2000 Sep;38(9):65-8. Drugs for the doctor’s bag revisited. [Link]; page 518
101 Pharmacoeconomics. 2001;19(10):973-82. Hensley PL. Formulary restriction of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for depression: potential pitfalls. [Link]; page 519
102 Health Care Anal. 1998 Jun;6(2):123-30. Foster P. From compliance to concordance: a challenge for contraceptive prescribers. [Link]; page 519
103 Ann Intern Med. 2000 Jun 6;132(11):903-10. Astin JA. The efficacy of “distant healing”: a systematic review of randomized trials. [Link]; page 520
104 Ann Intern Med. 2000 Jun 6;132(11):903-10. Astin JA. The efficacy of “distant healing”: a systematic review of randomized trials. [Link]; page 520
105 J Pers Soc Psychol. 2001 Oct;81(4):627-38. Amato PR. The legacy of parents’ marital discord: consequences for children’s marital quality. [Link]; page 522
106 Disability living allowance [Link]; page 522
107 Soc Sci Med. 2002 Jan;54(2):255-66. Allen P. A socio-legal and economic analysis of contracting in the NHS internal market using a case study of contracting for district nursing. [Link]; page 524
108 Understanding variation for clinical governance: an illustration using the diagnosis and treatment of sore throat. Author: Marshall T, Mohammed MA, Lim HT. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 2002 Apr ; 52(477):277-83. PubMed ID: 11942443. [Link]; page 525
109 Example of PCO bugeting [Link]; page 525
110 [Link]; page 527
111 Cardiol Rev. 2002 Jan-Feb;10(1):15-23. Lim PO. Vascular mechanisms of sudden death in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, including blood pressure responses to exercise. [Link]; page 527
112 J Heart Lung Transplant. 2000 Dec;19(12):1209-18. King ML. The hemodynamic effects of isotonic exercise using hand-held weights in patients with heart failure. [Link]; page 527
113 Link no longer available; page 528
114 The 47 patients with CFS had higher numbers of apoptotic neutrophils, lower numbers of viable neutrophils, increased annexin V binding, and increased expression of the death receptor, tumour necrosis factor receptor-I, on their neutrophils than did the 34 healthy controls. Patients with CFS also had raised concentrations of active TGFbeta1 (p < 0.005). [Link]; page 528
115 Scand J Work Environ Health. 1997;23 Suppl 3:17-34. Wessely S. Chronic fatigue syndrome: a 20th century illness? [Link]; page 528
116 Randomised controlled trial of patient education to encourage graded exercise in chronic fatigue syndrome. Pauline Powell Medline abstract, N=148 [Link]; page 528
117 BMJ. 2000 Jan 29;320(7230):292-6. Reid S. Chronic fatigue syndrome. [Link]; page 528
118 Link no longer available; page 528
119 Weight gain may be worse than being too heavy [Link]; page 530
120 Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2001 Jul;25(7):1095-9. Cavaliere H. Gastrointestinal side effects of orlistat may be prevented by concomitant prescription of natural fibers (psyllium mucilloid). [Link]; page 530
121 Health Technol Assess. 2001;5(18):1-81. O’Meara S. A rapid and systematic review of the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of orlistat in the management of obesity. Medline abstract, meta-analysis [Link]; page 530
122 J Fam Pract. 2001 Jun;50(6):505-12. Smith IG. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of long-term treatment with sibutramine in mild to moderate obesity. Medline abstract, N=485 [Link]; page 530
123 Long-term benefits of rimonabant announced in two-year study Date Published 10/11/2004 [Link]; page 530
124 Excess Deaths Associated With Underweight, Overweight, and Obesity Katherine M. Flegal, PhD; Barry I. Graubard, PhD; David F. Williamson, PhD; Mitchell H. Gail, MD, PhD. JAMA. 2005;293:1861-1867 [Link]; page 531
125 Lancet. 2002 Jan 5;359(9300):46-7. Resistin, central obesity, and type 2 diabetes. McTernan CL[Link]; page 531
126 JAMA. 2000 Aug 23-30;284(8):1021-7. Levinson W. A study of patient clues and physician responses in primary care and surgical settings. Medline abstract, N=116 [Link]; page 532
127 Med J Aust. 1992 Dec 7-21;157(11-12):764-8. Cox K. What doctors need to know. A note on professional performance. [Link]; page 533
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
Existentialism [Link]; page 471
Walsh B. BMJ 2005;330:699 (26 March) Economic evaluation of nurse led intermediate care versus standard care for post-acute medical patients: cost minimisation analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial [Link]; page 472
Consultation rates from the general practice research database. Author: Rowlands S, Moser K. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 2002 Aug ; 52(481):658-60. PubMed ID: 12171226 [Link]; page 476
Lancet April 2003; 361: 1149-1158 [Link]; page 482
HPS; Title: Effects of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin on stroke and other major vascular events in 20536 people with cerebrovascular disease or other high-risk conditions. Author: Collins R, Armitage J, Parish S, Sleight P, Peto R, Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group .Journal: Lancet; 2004 Mar 6 ; 363(9411):757-67. PubMed ID: 15016485 [Link]; page 482
Protecting the heart: a practical review of the statin studies. Author: Ong HT. Journal: MedGenMed; 2002 Dec 10 ; 4(4):1. PubMed ID: 12817199. [Link]; page 482
Primary prevention of acute coronary events with lovastatin in men and women with average cholesterol levels: results of AFCAPS/TexCAPS. Air Force/Texas Coronary Atherosclerosis Prevention Study. Author: Downs JR, Clearfield M, Weis S, Whitney E, Shapiro DR, Beere PA, Langendorfer A, Stein EA, Kruyer W, Gotto AM. Journal: JAMA; 1998 May 27 ; 279(20):1615-22. PubMed ID: 9613910. [Link]; page 482
Population-based multidimensional assessment of older people in UK general practice: a cluster-randomised factorial trial. Author: Fletcher AE, Price GM, Ng ES, Stirling SL, Bulpitt CJ, Breeze E, Nunes M, Jones DA, Latif A, Fasey NM, Vickers MR, Tulloch AJ. Journal: Lancet; 2004 Nov 6 ; 364(9446):1667-77. PubMed ID: 15530627 [Link]; page 486
Neil C Campbell points 2004 BMJ 329 523-524 [Link]; page 490
M Proust SCG [Link]; page 498
J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998 Dec;9(12 Suppl):S141-4. Latham CE. Is there data to support the concept that educated, empowered patients have better outcomes? [Link]; page 517
Qual Lett Healthc Lead. 1998 Aug;10(8):2-10. Zablocki E. A new resource: empowered patients. [Link]; page 517
Respir Care. 1994 May;39(5):566-79; discussion 579-83. Make B. Collaborative self-management strategies for patients with respiratory disease. [Link]; page 517
Sageman S.Journal: J Am Acad Psychoanal Dyn Psychiatry; 2004 Spring ; 32(1):125-41 [Link]; page 520
www.bmj.com/cgi/content/full/320/7242/1148/b” >[Link]; page 526
Arch Dis Child. 1993 May;68(5):684-5. Kemp AM. Epilepsy in children and the risk of drowning. [Link]; page 527
Pacing [Link]; page 528
Chapter 07: ENT
1 The prevalence of ear, nose and throat problems in the community: results from a national cross-sectional postal survey in Scotland. Author: Hannaford PC, Simpson JA, Bisset AF, Davis A, McKerrow W, Mills R. Journal: Fam Pract; 2005 Jun ; 22(3):227-33. PubMed ID: 15772117 [Link]; page 536
2 Prevalence of nasal polyposis in France: a cross-sectional, case-control study. Author: Klossek JM, Neukirch F, Pribil C, Jankowski R, Serrano E, Chanal I, El Hasnaoui A. Journal: Allergy; 2005 Feb ; 60(2):233-7. PubMed ID: 15647046 [Link]; page 536
3 eMedicine Benign ear tumours. Chondrodermatitis. [Link]; page 538
4 Medtronics [Link]; page 538
5 Effective treatment of chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis using a conservative approach. Moncrieff M, Sassoon EM. Journal: Br J Dermatol; 2004 May ; 150(5):892-4. PubMed ID: 15149500[Link]; page 538
6 Chondrodermatitis nodularis chronica helicis. Author: Zuber TJ, Jackson E. Journal: Arch Fam Med; 1999 Sep-Oct ; 8(5):445-7. PubMed ID: 10500520 [Link]; page 538
7 Interventions for acute auricular haematoma. Author: Jones SE, Mahendran S. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2004 ; (2):CD004166. PubMed ID: 15106240 [Link]; page 538
8 Ear drops for the removal of ear wax. Author: Burton MJ, Dorée CJ. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2003 ; (3):CD004400. PubMed ID: 12918014 [Link]; page 538
9 The effectiveness of topical preparations for the treatment of earwax: a systematic review. Author: Hand C, Harvey I. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 2004 Nov ; 54(508):862-7. PubMed ID: 15527615 [Link]; page 538
10 Water as a fast acting wax softening agent before ear syringing. Author: Pavlidis C, Pickering JA. Journal: Aust Fam Physician; 2005 Apr ; 34(4):303-4. PubMed ID: 15861762 [Link]; page 538
11 Trends of ear syringing at Ibadan, Nigeria. Author: Ogunleye AO, Awobem AA. Journal: Afr J Med Med Sci; 2004 Mar ; 33(1):35-7. PubMed ID: 15490792 [Link]; page 538
12 The potential pitfalls of ear syringing. Minimising the risks. Author: Bird S. Journal: Aust Fam Physician; 2003 Mar ; 32(3):150-1. PubMed ID: 12666354 [Link]; page 538
13 Trends of ear syringing at Ibadan, Nigeria. Author: Ogunleye AO, Awobem AA. Journal: Afr J Med Med Sci; 2004 Mar ; 33(1):35-7. PubMed ID: 15490792 [Link]; page 538
14 Aural foreign bodies. Author: Mishra A, Shukla GK, Bhatia N. Journal: Indian J Pediatr; 2000 Apr ; 67(4):267-9. PubMed ID: 10878867. [Link]; page 539
15 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
16 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
17 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
18 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
19 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
20 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
21 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
22 Image kindly supplied by Michael Saunders, FRCS; page 539
23 Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci. 1989 Dec;14(6):535-7. Clinical masking with tragal rubbing and the Barany noise-box. Swan IR [Link]; page 540
24 Developmental Verbal Dyspraxia [Link]; page 541
25 Gebski v 2005 BMJ 331 659. Randamised trial of stuttering. [Link]; page 541
26 Clinical evidence [Link]; page 542
27 Aviat Space Environ Med. 1998 Jan;69(1):45-9. Stangerup SE. Point prevalence of barotitis in children and adults after flight, and effect of autoinflation. [Link]; page 542
28 Int J Prosthodont. 1999 May-Jun;12(3):279-88. Molin C. From bite to mind: TMD--a personal and literature review. [Link]; page 542
29 Mood spectrum in patients with different painful temporomandibular disorders. Author: Manfredini D, di Poggio AB, Romagnoli M, Dell’Osso L, Bosco M. Journal: Cranio; 2004 Jul ; 22(3):234-40. PubMed ID: 15293779 [Link]; page 542
30 Temporomandibular joint dysfunction syndrome: a close association with systemic joint laxity (the hypermobile joint syndrome. Author: Buckingham RB, Braun T, Harinstein DA, Oral K, Bauman D, Bartynski W, Killian PJ, Bidula LP. Journal: Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol; 1991 Nov ; 72(5):514-9. PubMed ID: 1745506 [Link]; page 542
31 Topical versus systemic diclofenac in the treatment of temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction symptoms. Author: Di Rienzo Businco L, Di Rienzo Businco A, D’Emilia M, Lauriello M, Coen Tirelli G. Journal: Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital; 2004 Oct ; 24(5):279-83. PubMed ID: 15871609 [Link]; page 542
32 Treatment outcome of appliance therapy in temporomandibular disorder patients with myofascial pain after 6 and 12 months. Author: Ekberg E, Nilner M. Journal: Acta Odontol Scand; 2004 Dec ; 62(6):343-9. PubMed ID: 15848979 [Link]; page 542
33 J Orofac Pain. 1999 Winter;13(1):29-37. Crider AB. A meta-analysis of EMG biofeedback treatment of temporomandibular disorders. [Link]; page 542
34 Antibiotics for otitis media with effusion. Author: Mandel EM, Casselbrant ML. Journal: Minerva Pediatr; 2004 Oct ; 56(5):481-95. PubMed ID: 15459573 [Link]; page 544
35 Mike Sharland (St Georges) reported by C Pedded 2005: BMJ and Pulse May 7 2005 page 4 [Link]; page 544
36 Behaviour and cognitive outcomes from middle ear disease. Author: Bennett KE, Haggard MP. Journal: Arch Dis Child; 1999 Jan ; 80(1):28-35. PubMed ID: 10325755 [Link]; page 546
37 Lancet. 1995 Jan 7;345(8941):3-4. Glue ear: prescribe, operate, or wait?. Couriel JM [Link]; page 546
38 F van Balen 1996 Lancet 348 713 & EBM 1997 41; No link; page 546
39 Does ENT outpatient review at 1-week post ventilation tube insertion improve outcome at 1 month in paediatric patients? Author: Wallace HC, Newbegin CJ. Journal: Clin Otolaryngol Allied Sci; 2004 Dec ; 29(6):595-7. PubMed ID: 15533143. [Link]; page 546
40 Arch Dis Child. 2001 Aug;85(2):91-5. Bennett KE. Behaviour and developmental effects of otitis media with effusion into the teens. Medline abstract, n>1000 [Link]; page 546
41 Lakartidningen. 1999 Mar 10;96(10):1166-8 (Swedish). Hergils L. [A new method for detecting congenital hearing disorders. Infants are screened by measuring otoacoustic emissions] [Link]; page 548
42 J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 1999;10(3):191-200. Olsha M. Otological evaluation of newborns who failed otoacoustic emission screening. [Link]; page 548
43 Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001 Apr;124(4):359-67. Kezirian EJ. Cost and cost-effectiveness of universal screening for hearing loss in newborns. [Link]; page 548
44 J Am Acad Audiol. 2001 Feb;12(2):101-12. Gorga MP. Some issues relevant to establishing a universal newborn hearing screening program. [Link]; page 548
45 Pediatr Clin North Am. 1999 Feb;46(1):95-105. Stein LK. Factors influencing the efficacy of universal newborn hearing screening. [Link]; page 548
46 Ear Hear. 2000 Oct;21(5):508-28. Norton SJ. Identification of neonatal hearing impairment: evaluation of transient evoked otoacoustic emission, distortion product otoacoustic emission, and auditory brain stem response test performance. [Link]; page 548
47 G O’Donoghue 1996 Health Trends 28 106; No link; page 549
48 Archives of Disease in Childhood 2003;88:24 Archivist--Choosing deafness [Link]; page 549
49 Retrospective analysis of our cases with sudden hearing loss. Author: Kiriş M, Cankaya H, Içli M, Kutluhan A. Journal: J Otolaryngol; 2003 Dec ; 32(6):384-7. PubMed ID: 14967084 [Link]; page 550
50 Hyperbaric oxygen for idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. Author: Bennett M, Kertesz T, Yeung P. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2005 ; (1):CD004739. PubMed ID: 15674964 [Link]; page 550
51 Tucci D 2002 Otol Neurotol 23 301 PMID 11981385; No link; page 551
52 Laryngoscope. 1998 Mar;108(3):305-10. Related Articles, Cited in PMC, Books, LinkOut Effect of melatonin on tinnitus. Rosenberg SI [Link]; page 552
53 A practical approach to dizziness [Link]; page 554
54 Delayed vertigo after stapes surgery.Author: Albera R, Canale A, Lacilla M, Cavalot AL, Ferrero V. Journal: Laryngoscope; 2004 May ; 114(5):860-2. PubMed ID: 15126744 [Link]; page 555
55 Academic Emergency Medicine 2004 11 918-24. There are good sites to understand Epley head manouevres in detail. [Link]; page 555
56 Benitez HH 2005 Alerg Mex 52, 90 PMID 16158782 and PMID 15984591â€Ã‚�>[Link]; page 556
57 BMJ. 2002 Jan 19;324(7330):144-6. Schapowal A. Randomised controlled trial of butterbur and cetirizine for treating seasonal allergic rhinitis. Medline abstract, N=125 [Link]; page 556
58 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(4):CD001563. Sheikh A. House dust mite avoidance measures for perennial allergic rhinitis. [Link]; page 557
59 Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2001 Mar;10(3):547-60. Agrawal DK. Pharmacology and clinical efficacy of desloratadine as an anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory drug. [Link]; page 557
60 Allergy. 2002 Apr;57(4):346-50. van Steekelenburg J. Comparison of five new antihistamines (H1-receptor antagonists) in patients with allergic rhinitis using nasal provocation studies and skin tests.[Link]; page 557
61 Prevalence of nasal polyposis in France: a cross-sectional, case-control study. Author: Klossek JM, Neukirch F, Pribil C, Jankowski R, Serrano E, Chanal I, El Hasnaoui A. Journal: Allergy; 2005 Feb ; 60(2):233-7. PubMed ID: 15647046. [Link]; page 557
62 Nasal polyps [Link]; page 558
63 Plast Reconstr Surg. 2000 Aug;106(2):266-73. Rohrich RJ. Nasal fracture management: minimizing secondary nasal deformities. [Link]; page 558
64 Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Dec;122(12):1373-6. Canty PA. Hematoma and abscess of the nasal septum in children. [Link]; page 558
65 Pediatr Rev. 1998 Apr;19(4):142-3. Ginsburg CM. Nasal septal hematoma. Medline abstract, n=20[Link]; page 558
66 Am J Emerg Med. 1997 Jan;15(1):54-6. Kadish HA. Removal of nasal foreign bodies in the pediatric population. Medline abstract, n=60 [Link]; page 558
67 Ear Nose Throat J. 2000 Jul;79(7):520-3. Kriskovich MD. Nasal septal perforation: a rare extraintestinal manifestation of Crohn’s disease. [Link]; page 558
68 Relapsing polychondritis: a rare disease with varying symptoms. Author: Peebo BB, Peebo M, Frennesson C. Journal: Acta Ophthalmol Scand; 2004 Aug ; 82(4):472-5. PubMed ID: 15291945.[Link]; page 558
69 J Laryngol Otol. 1999 Aug;113(8):728-33. Foda HM. The one-stage rhinoplasty septal perforation repair. Medline abstract, n=20 [Link]; page 558
70 Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 1993 Jul-Aug;13(4):319-31 (Italian). Altissimi G. [Epistaxis and climatic events]. Medline abstract, n=1064 [Link]; page 560
71 Clin Otolaryngol. 1995 Apr;20(2):174-7. McGarry GW. Idiopathic epistaxis, haemostasis and alcohol. Medline abstract, n=50 [Link]; page 560
72 J Laryngol Otol. 1993 Mar;107(3):195-6. Denholm SW. Warfarin and epistaxis--a case controlled study. [Link]; page 560
73 J Laryngol Otol. 2000 Jan;114(1):38-40. Thaha MA. Routine coagulation screening in the management of emergency admission for epistaxis--is it necessary? Medline abstract, n=140 [Link]; page 560
74 J Laryngol Otol. 1987 Feb;101(2):139-42. John DG. Who should treat epistaxis? Medline abstract, n=75 [Link]; page 560
75 J Laryngol Otol. 1993 Feb;107(2):140-1. Davis JP. Respiratory obstruction associated with the use of the Brighton epistaxis balloon. [Link]; page 561
76 Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1993 Oct;109(4):722-5. Cannon CR. Effective treatment protocol for posterior epistaxis: a 10-year experience. [Link]; page 561
77 Br J Radiol. 1998 Aug;71(848):846-51. Bernhardt TM. CT scanning of the paranasal sinuses: axial helical CT with reconstruction in the coronal direction versus coronal helical CT. [Link]; page 562
78 Radiol Med (Torino). 1996 Jul-Aug;92(1-2):28-32 (Italian). Sartoni Galloni S. [Paranasal sinusitis: study with conventional and spiral computerized tomography] [Link]; page 562
79 Lancet. 1997 Mar 8;349(9053):683-7. van Buchem FL. Primary-care-based randomised placebo-controlled trial of antibiotic treatment in acute maxillary sinusitis. Medline abstract, N=214 [Link]; page 562
80 Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2000;257(5):247-50. Molony NC. A survey of contemporary management of frontal sinus disease in the United Kingdom. [Link]; page 562
81 Postoperative care following endoscopic sinus surgery. Author: Jorissen M. Journal: Rhinology; 2004 Sep ; 42(3):114-20. PubMed ID: 15521662 [Link]; page 562
82 Functional endoscopic sinus surgery: 5 year follow up and results of a prospective, randomised, stratified, double-blind, placebo controlled study of postoperative fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray. Author: Rowe-Jones JM, Medcalf M, Durham SR, Richards DH, Mackay IS. Journal: Rhinology; 2005 Mar ; 43(1):2-10. PubMed ID: 15844495 [Link]; page 562
83 Medtronics Sinus anatomy (after Medtronics, by kind permission) [Link]; page 563
84 Evidence based indications for tonsillectomy--Author: Wolfensberger M, Mund MT. Journal: Ther Umsch; 2004 May ; 61(5):325-8. PubMed ID: 15195718. [Link]; page 564
85 Implementation by Scottish otolaryngologists of the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network document Management of Sore Throats and the Indications for Tonsillectomy: four years on. Author: Clement WA, Dempster JH. Journal: J Laryngol Otol; 2004 May ; 118(5):357-61. PubMed ID: 15165310[Link]; page 564
86 eMedicine Tonsillectomy [Link]; page 564
87 Pediatric tonsillotomy with the radiofrequency technique: less morbidity and pain. Author: Hultcrantz E, Ericsson E. Journal: Laryngoscope; 2004 May ; 114(5):871-7. PubMed ID: 15126747 [Link]; page 564
88 Head Neck. 2000 May;22(3):294-6. Galati LT. Primary surgery as treatment for early squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil. [Link]; page 564
89 Mayo Clin Proc. 1994 Jun;69(6):525-31. Foote RL. Radiation therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the tonsil. [Link]; page 564
90 How effective are treatments other than antibiotics for acute sore throat? Author: Thomas M, Del Mar C, Glasziou P. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 2000 Oct ; 50(459):817-20. PubMed ID: 11127175 [Link]; page 565
91 Crit Care. 2000;4(5):314-8. Rajah J. Do steroids prevent reintubation in children with laryngotracheobronchitis? [Link]; page 566
92 Acute epiglottitis in adults. Author: Khilanani U, Khatib R. Journal: Am J Med Sci; 1984 Jan-Feb ; 287(1):65-70. PubMed ID: 6702891 [Link]; page 566
93 Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2000 Sep 15;55(1):17-20. Botma M. The role of fibreoptic laryngoscopy in infants with stridor. [Link]; page 566
94 Laryngoscope. 1999 Nov;109(11):1770-5. Olney DR. Laryngomalacia and its treatment. [Link]; page 566
95 Redrawn from eMedicine multimedia [Link]; page 567
96 Hypotension in a woman with a metastatic dopamine-secreting carotid body tumor. Author: Koch CA, Rodbard JS, Brouwers FM, Eisenhofer G, Pacak K. Journal: Endocr Pract; 2003 Jul-Aug ; 9(4):310-4. PubMed ID: 14561577 [Link]; page 568
97 Frequency and risk factors of voice disorders among teaching staff of La Rioja, Spain. Clinical study: questionnaire, function vocal examination, acoustic analysis and videolaryngostroboscopy. Author: Preciado J, Pérez C, Calzada M, Preciado P. Journal: Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp; 2005 Apr ; 56(4):161-70. PubMed ID: 15871292 [Link]; page 568
98 Laryngoscope. 2000 Nov;110(11):1954-6. Ebenfelt A. Absence of bacterial infection in the mucosal secretion in chronic laryngitis. [Link]; page 568
99 Link no longer available; page 568
100 J Laryngol Otol. 1998 May;112(5):480-1. Tsunoda K. Sudden onset aphonia caused by a Japanese-style bath. [Link]; page 568
101 Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Mar;19(3):224-7. Cohen E. Unilateral vocal cord paralysis as a result of a Nocardia farcinica laryngeal abscess. [Link]; page 568
102 Laryngorhinootologie. 2000 May;79(5):297-303 (German). Jung H. [Recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis after thyroidectomy] Medline abstract, n=909 [Link]; page 569
103 Clin Otolaryngol. 2000 Oct;25(5):418-22. Hajioff D. The effect of Isshiki type 1 thyroplasty on quality of life and vocal performance. [Link]; page 569
104 Nature. 1990 Aug 2;346(6283):470-1. Lu SJ. Linkage of a nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility locus to the HLA region. [Link]; page 570
105 Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2000 Apr;34(1):27-53. Hsu JL. Epstein-barr virus-associated malignancies: epidemiologic patterns and etiologic implications. [Link]; page 570
106 Can Assoc Radiol J. 2000 Oct;51(5):287-95, quiz 286. Poon PY. Tumour extent and T stage of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a comparison of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomographic findings. [Link]; page 570
107 Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2000 Dec 1;48(5):1323-30. Cheng SH. Long-term survival of nasopharyngeal carcinoma following concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy. [Link]; page 570
108 J Clin Oncol. 2001 May 15;19(10):2607-15. Lin JC. Detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA the peripheral-blood cells of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma: relationship to distant metastasis and survival. [Link]; page 570
109 Radiologe. 2000 Jul;40(7):625-31 (German). Czerny C. [Malignant tumors of the pharynx] [Link]; page 570
110 J Laryngol Otol. 2000 Jul;114(7):557-62. Lloyd G. Optimum imaging for sinonasal malignancy.[Link]; page 571
111 Cancer. 2000 Nov 1;89(9):1925-32. Nishino H. Combined therapy with conservative surgery, radiotherapy, and regional chemotherapy for maxillary sinus carcinoma. [Link]; page 571
112 Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2000 Oct;48(5):473-83 (French). Carriot F. [Cannabis and cancer][Link]; page 571
113 Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1986 Apr;94(4):517-21. Donald PJ. Marijuana smoking--possible cause of head and neck carcinoma in young patients. [Link]; page 571
114 AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997 Dec;169(6):1681-7. Loevner LA. Can radiologists accurately predict preepiglottic space invasion with MR imaging? [Link]; page 571
115 Clin Otolaryngol. 2000 Apr;25(2):146-52. Watters GW. Partial laryngectomy for recurrent laryngeal carcinoma. [Link]; page 571
116 Laryngoscope. 2000 Mar;110(3 Pt 2 Suppl 93):1-18. Goodwin WJ Jr. Salvage surgery for patients with recurrent squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract: when do the ends justify the means? Medline abstract, meta-analysis [Link]; page 571
117 Thyroid. 2000 May;10(5):425-9. Smolarz K. Hypothyroidism after therapy for larynx and pharynx carcinoma. [Link]; page 571
118 Globus pharyngis, personality, and psychological distress in the general population. Author: Deary IJ, Wilson JA, Kelly SW. Journal: Psychosomatics; 1995 Nov-Dec ; 36(6):570-7. PubMed ID: 7501789[Link]; page 572
119 Laryngeal cysts: a report of three cases with varying presentations. Author: Kalavagunta S. Journal: Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg; 2003 May ; 10(5):199-202. PubMed ID: 12970593 [Link]; page 572
120 Gastropharyngeal and gastroesophageal reflux in globus and hoarseness. Author: Smit CF, van Leeuwen JA, Mathus-Vliegen LM, Devriese PP, Semin A, Tan J, Schouwenburg PF. Journal: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg; 2000 Jul ; 126(7):827-30. PubMed ID: 10888993 [Link]; page 572
121 Globus hystericus: a brief review. Author: Finkenbine R, Miele VJ. Journal: Gen Hosp Psychiatry; 2004 Jan-Feb ; 26(1):78-82. PubMed ID: 14757307 [Link]; page 572
122 The psychiatric management of the globus syndrome. Author: Bishop LC, Riley WT. Journal: Gen Hosp Psychiatry; 1988 May ; 10(3):214-9. PubMed ID: 2897941 [Link]; page 572
123 Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001 Jul;55(7):610-4. Sanders DS. Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy: a prospective analysis of hospital support required and complications following discharge to the community. [Link]; page 572
124 Rapid access for patients with head and neck lumps. Author: Robinson J, Chew F.Journal: Nurs Stand; 2001 Sep 26-Oct 2 ; 16(2):33-7. PubMed ID: 11977663. [Link]; page 576
125 Diagn Cytopathol. 1999 Mar;20(3):164-6. Wang J. Atypical chondroma of the cricoid cartilage: fine-needle aspiration cytologic and histopathologic findings. [Link]; page 576
126 Diagn Cytopathol. 2000 Oct;23(4):253-9. Chhieng DC. Fine-needle aspiration of spindle cell and mesenchymal lesions of the salivary glands. [Link]; page 576
127 Clin Otolaryngol. 1988 Aug;13(4):267-72. Amin M. The aetiology of laryngocoele. [Link]; page 576
128 Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000 Dec;126(12):1502,1505-6. To EW. Imaging quiz case 4. Cervical rib. [Link]; page 576
129 (Image kindly supplied by BY Ghorayeb, MD); page 577
130 (Image kindly supplied by BY Ghorayeb, MD); page 577
131 (Image kindly supplied by BY Ghorayeb, MD); page 577
132 (Image kindly supplied by BY Ghorayeb, MD); page 577
133 (Image kindly supplied by BY Ghorayeb, MD); page 577
134 (Image kindly supplied by BY Ghorayeb, MD); page 577
135 Salivary Gland Neoplasms [Last Updated: August 19, 2004] [Link]; page 579
136 Treating oral dryness [Link]; page 579
137 Tex Dent J. 2001 Apr;118(3):262-6. al-Hashimi I. A new medication for treatment of dry mouth in Sjogren’s syndrome. [Link]; page 579
138 Northwest Dent. 1999 Jul-Aug;78(4):27-34. Rhodus NL. An update on the management for the dental patient with Sjogren’s syndrome and xerostomia. [Link]; page 579
139 J Med Assoc Thai. 2001 Feb;84(2):195-203. Sangthawan D. Randomized double blind, placebo-controlled study of pilocarpine administered during head and neck irradiation to reduce xerostomia.[Link]; page 579
140 Braz J Med Biol Res. 2002 Jan;35(1):105-10. Bernardi R. Effect of pilocarpine mouthwash on salivary flow. [Link]; page 579
141 Cancer. 2002 Feb 15;94(4):1151-6. Johnstone PA. Acupuncture for xerostomia: clinical update.[Link]; page 579
142 Pediatr Dent. 2001 Jan-Feb;23(1):44-50. Flaitz C. Prevalence of orodental findings in HIV-infected Romanian children. [Link]; page 580
143 J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2001 Jun;19(2):61-6. Nadkarni UM. Papillon Lefevre syndrome: management of a case. [Link]; page 581
144 Periodontol 2000. 2001;26:92-112. Meyle J. Influences of systemic diseases on periodontitis in children and adolescents. [Link]; page 581
145 Minerva Stomatol. 2000 Jun;49(6):293-311 (Italian). Del Fabbro M. [Congenital neutrophil defects and periodontal diseases] [Link]; page 581
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
Volume 42, Issue 4 , 27 May 2004, Pages 687-695 . Remembrance of Odors Past. Human Olfactory Cortex in Cross-Modal Recognition Memory. Jay A. Gottfried [Link]; page 537
â€Ã‚¦and, above all, things wonderful and fascinating innumerable...\â€Ã‚�The Long Recessional — The Imperial Life of Rudyard Kipling--By David Gilmour; John Murray. Also quoted by B Macintyre int The Times for Sept 18 2004; p 26 [Link]; page 537
Verbal dyspraxia: its clinical characteristics and treatment with speech therapy. Author: Ygual-Fernandez A, Cervera-Merida JF. Journal: Rev Neurol; 2005 Jan 15 ; 40 Suppl 1():S121-6. PubMed ID: 15736074[Link]; page 541
Lawrence C.K. Chow, Y. Hui, Dennis K.K. Au: A Rare Cause of Sudden Hearing Loss in Chinese: Cochlear Involvement of Sarcoidosis. The Internet Journal of Otorhinolaryngology. 2004. Volume 3 Number 1 [Link]; page 550
Immune-mediated disorders associated with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. Author: Toubi E, Ben-David J, Kessel A, Halas K, Sabo E, Luntz M. Journal: Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol; 2004 Jun ; 113(6):445-9. PubMed ID: 15224826 [Link]; page 550
Lawrence C.K. Chow, Y. Hui, Dennis K.K. Au: A Rare Cause of Sudden Hearing Loss in Chinese: Cochlear Involvement of Sarcoidosis. The Internet Journal of Otorhinolaryngology. 2004. Volume 3 Number 1 [Link]; page 550
Motor and sensory function of the esophagus: revelations through ultrasound imaging. Author: Mittal RK. Journal: J Clin Gastroenterol; 2005 Apr ; 39(4):S42-8. PubMed ID: 15758658 [Link]; page 572
Efficacy of early treatment of Bell’s palsy with oral acyclovir and prednisolone. Author: Hato N, Matsumoto S, Kisaki H, Takahashi H, Wakisaka H, Honda N, Gyo K, Murakami S, Yanagihara N. Journal: Otol Neurotol; 2003 Nov ; 24(6):948-51. PubMed ID: 14600480 [Link]; page 574
The clinical problem of Bell’s palsy: is treatment with steroids effective? Author: Williamson IG, Whelan TR. Journal: Br J Gen Pract; 1996 Dec ; 46(413):743-7. PubMed ID: 8995858 [Link]; page 574
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2003 Mar;112(3):197-201. Outcome of treatment with valacyclovir and prednisone in patients with Bell’s palsy. Axelsson S [Link]; page 574
Chapter 08: Dermatology
1 Arch Dermatol. 1998 Dec;134(12):1620-6. Williams H. The Cochrane Skin Group. Preparing, maintaining, and disseminating systematic reviews of clinical interventions in dermatology. [Link]; page 582
2 Dermatol Clin. 2000 Apr;18(2):261-76. Bigby M. Evidence-based medicine in dermatology. [Link]; page 582
3 J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2001 Nov;15(6):512-8. Gupta MA. The use of antidepressant drugs in dermatology. [Link]; page 583
4 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 May 14;99(10):7148-53. Zouboulis CC. Corticotropin-releasing hormone: an autocrine hormone that promotes lipogenesis in human sebocytes. [Link]; page 583
5 Med Electron Microsc. 2001 Mar;34(1):29-40. Toyoda M. Pathogenesis of acne. [Link]; page 583
6 Is there a future for telemedicine? Rinde E, Balteskard L. Lancet; 2002 Jun 8 ; 359(9322):1957-8. PubMed ID: 12076546 &Joint teleconsultations (virtual outreach) versus standard outpatient appointments for patients referred by their general practitioner. Medline abstract, N=3170 [Link]; page 583
7 J Telemed Telecare. 2002;8 Suppl 1:1-30. Hailey D. Systematic review of evidence for the benefits of telemedicine. [Link]; page 583
8 DERMIS: a computer system for assisting primary-care physicians with dermatological diagnosis. Author: Brooks GJ, Ashton RE, Pethybridge RJ. Journal: Br J Dermatol; 1992 Dec ; 127(6):614-9. PubMed ID: 1476920 [Link]; page 583
9 Link no longer available; page 584
10 We thank Professor Leigh for this image. No internet link; page 584
11 We thank Professor Leigh for this image. No internet link; page 584
12 Bartleby.com [Link]; page 585
13 Dictionary of etymology [Link]; page 585
14 Narrowband UVB phototherapy in skin conditions beyond psoriasis. Author: Gambichler T, Breuckmann F, Boms S, Altmeyer P, Kreuter A. Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol; 2005 Apr ; 52(4):660-70. PubMed ID: 15793518 [Link]; page 586
15 Link no longer available; page 586
16 Link no longer available; page 586
17 One-year follow-up of a lentigo maligna: first dermoscopic signs of growth. Author: Schiffner R, Perusquia AM, Stolz W. Journal: Br J Dermatol; 2004 Nov ; 151(5):1087-9. PubMed ID: 15541091[Link]; page 587
18 Treatment of lentigo maligna (melanoma in situ) with the immune response modifier imiquimod. Author: Wolf IH, Cerroni L, Kodama K, Kerl H. Journal: Arch Dermatol; 2005 Apr ; 141(4):510-4. PubMed ID: 15837872 [Link]; page 587
19 Link no longer available; page 588
20 From OUP image bank; page 588
21 Link no longer available; page 588
22 Link no longer available; page 588
22 Link no longer available; page 588
23 Livido Reticularis from OUP image bank” >[Link]; page 590
24 Link no longer available; page 589
25 Sarcoid and the skin [Link]; page 589
25 Solitary spleen metastasis and amyloidosis in a patient with endometrial cancer. Author: Gogas H, Ignatiadis T, Markopoulos Ch, Karageorgopoulou S, Floros D, Vaiopoulos G. Journal: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol; 2004 ; 25(3):391-3. PubMed ID: 15171329. [Link]; page 589
26 Dermatology update [Link]; page 589
27 Link no longer available; page 589
28 Solitary spleen metastasis and amyloidosis in a patient with endometrial cancer. Author: Gogas H, Ignatiadis T, Markopoulos Ch, Karageorgopoulou S, Floros D, Vaiopoulos G. Journal: Eur J Gynaecol Oncol; 2004 ; 25(3):391-3. PubMed ID: 15171329. HYPERLINK “http://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi?id=15171329&from=cqsr” [Link]; page 589
29 Eoplasms associated with paraneoplastic pemphigus: a review with emphasis on non-hematologic malignancy and oral mucosal manifestations. Author: Kaplan I, Hodak E, Ackerman L, Mimouni D, Anhalt GJ, Calderon S. Journal: Oral Oncol; 2004 Jul ; 40(6):553-62. PubMed ID: 15063382. [Link]; page 589
30 Purgatory, Dante [Link]; page 589
31 Link no longer available; page 589
32 Br J Dermatol. 1990 Apr;122 Suppl 35:93-5. Marks R. Studies on the effects of topical retinoic acid on photoageing. [Link]; page 590
33 Eur J Cancer Prev. 1999 Apr;8(2):91-103. Young KJ. Intervention studies on cancer. [Link]; page 590
34 Br J Dermatol. 1999 Sep;141(3):415-23. Telfer NR. Guidelines for the management of basal cell carcinoma. British Association of Dermatologists. [Link]; page 590
35 Br J Dermatol. 2001 Apr;144(4):832-40. Wang I. Photodynamic therapy vs. cryosurgery of basal cell carcinomas: results of a phase III clinical trial. [Link]; page 590
36 Link no longer available; page 590
37 Link no longer available; page 590
38 Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1997 Jul 15;38(5):1027-35. Quiros PA. Total skin electron beam therapy followed by adjuvant psoralen/ultraviolet-A light in the management of patients with T1 and T2 cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (mycosis fungoides). [Link]; page 590
39 Cancer Treat Rev. 2001 Feb;27(1):9-18. Sakorafas GH. Paget’s disease of the breast. [Link]; page 590
40 Cancer. 1997 Sep 15;80(6):1065-72. Pierce LJ. The conservative management of Paget’s disease of the breast with radiotherapy. [Link]; page 590
41 Link no longer available; page 590
42 Link no longer available; page 590
43 Br J Dermatol. 2002 Jan;146(1):94-100. Rivers JK. Topical treatment of actinic keratoses with 3.0% diclofenac in 2.5% hyaluronan gel. Medline abstract, N=98 [Link]; page 591
44 Int J Dermatol. 2001 Nov;40(11):709-13. Wolf JE Jr. Topical 3.0% diclofenac in 2.5% hyaluronan gel in the treatment of actinic keratoses. Medline abstract, N=96 [Link]; page 591
45 Phase IV, open-label assessment of the treatment of actinic keratosis with 3.0% diclofenac sodium topical gel (Solaraze). Author: Nelson C, Rigel D, Smith S, Swanson N, Wolf J. Journal: J Drugs Dermatol; 2004 Jul-Aug ; 3(4):401-7. PubMed ID: 15303784 [Link]; page 591
45 Int J Dermatol. 2001 Nov;40(11):709-13. Wolf JE Jr. Topical 3.0% diclofenac in 2.5% hyaluronan gel in the treatment of actinic keratoses. [Link]; page 593
46 Br J Dermatol. 2001 May;144(5):1050-3. Stockfleth E. Successful treatment of actinic keratosis with imiquimod cream 5%: a report of six cases. [Link]; page 591
47 Med Pregl. 1989;42(3-4):149-51 (Croatian). Poljacki M. [The importance of local administration of 5% 5-fluorouracil in the therapy of senile keratoses and basocellular carcinoma] [Link]; page 591
48 Survival from malignant Melanoma in Scotland [Link]; page 592
49 BMJ--full text [Link]; page 592
50 Management of metastatic cutaneous melanoma. Author: Buzaid AC. Journal: Oncology (Huntingt); 2004 Oct ; 18(11):1443-50; discussion 1457-9. PubMed ID: 15609471 [Link]; page 592
51 Link no longer available; page 592
52 Link no longer available; page 592
53 Benign skin lesions [Link]; page 592
54 See T Fitzpatrick, Arch Dermat 1988;12 [Link]; page 593
55 Health Technol Assess. 2000;4(37):1-191. Hoare C. Systematic review of treatments for atopic eczema. [Link]; page 593
56 Effect of sunscreen and clothing on the number of melanocytic nevi in 1,812 German children attending day care. Author: Bauer J, BŸttner P, Wiecker TS, Luther H, Garbe C. Journal: Am J Epidemiol; 2005 Apr 1 ; 161(7):620-7. PubMed ID: 15781951 [Link]; page 593
57 BMJ. 1990 Nov 3;301(6759):1005-6. MacKie RM. Clinical recognition of early invasive malignant melanoma. [Link]; page 593
58 CA Cancer J Clin. 1985 May-Jun;35(3):130-51. Friedman RJ. Early detection of malignant melanoma: the role of physician examination and self-examination of the skin. [Link]; page 593
59 CA Cancer J Clin. 1991 Jul-Aug;41(4):201-26. Friedman RJ. Malignant melanoma in the 1990s: the continued importance of early detection and the role of physician examination and self-examination of the skin. [Link]; page 593
60 Sun exposure and mortality from melanoma. Author: Berwick M, Armstrong BK, Ben-Porat L, Fine J, Kricker A, Eberle C, Barnhill R. Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst; 2005 Feb 2 ; 97(3):195-9. PubMed ID: 15687362. [Link]; page 593
61 The epidemiology of vitamin D and cancer incidence and mortality: a review (United States). Author: Giovannucci E. Journal: Cancer Causes Control; 2005 Mar ; 16(2):83-95. PubMed ID: 15868450. [Link]; page 593
62 Ecologic studies of solar UV-B radiation and cancer mortality rates.Author: Grant WB. Journal: Recent Results Cancer Res; 2003 ; 164():371-7. PubMed ID: 12899536. [Link]; page 593
63 M Kendrick 2005 Pulse Clinical July 30 page 30 ‘Sunshine is good for you’. 593
64 Hum Mol Genet. 1997 May;6(5):813-20. Trembath RC. Identification of a major susceptibility locus on chromosome 6p and evidence for further disease loci revealed by a two stage genome-wide search in psoriasis. [Link]; page 594
65 Link no longer available; page 594
66 Link no longer available; page 594
67 Link no longer available; page 594
68 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(3):CD000212. Jones G. Interventions for psoriatic arthritis.[Link]; page 594
69 The impact of a two-compound product containing calcipotriol and betamethasone dipropionate (Daivobet/ Dovobet) on the quality of life in patients with psoriasis vulgaris: a randomized controlled trial. Author: Van De Kerkhof PC. Journal: Br J Dermatol; 2004 Sep ; 151(3):663-8. PubMed ID: 15377355[Link]; page 594
70 Int J Dermatol. 2001 Aug;40(8):530-4. Kumar B. Rediscovering hydroxyurea: its role in recalcitrant psoriasis. [Link]; page 595
71 Arch Dermatol. 2003 Dec;139(12):1627-32; discussion 1632. A randomized trial of etanercept as monotherapy for psoriasis--Gottlieb AB [Link]; page 595
72 tanercept treatment of psoriatic arthritis: safety, efficacy, and effect on disease progression. Author: Mease PJ, Kivitz AJ, Burch FX, Siegel EL, Cohen SB, Ory P, Salonen D, Rubenstein J, Sharp JT, Tsuji W. Journal: Arthritis Rheum; 2004 Jul ; 50(7):2264-72. PubMed ID: 15248226 [Link]; page 595
73 Infliximab treatment results in significant improvement in the quality of life of patients with severe psoriasis: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Author: Feldman SR, Gordon KB, Bala M, Evans R, Li S, Dooley LT, Guzzo C, Patel K, Menter A, Gottlieb AB. Journal: Br J Dermatol; 2005 May ; 152(5):954-60. PubMed ID: 15888152. [Link]; page 595
74 Link no longer available; page 596
75 Extensive visual loss with topical facial steroids. Author: Aggarwal RK, Potamitis T, Chong NH, Guarro M, Shah P, Kheterpal S. Journal: Eye; 1993 ; 7 ( Pt 5)():664-6. PubMed ID: 8287990 [Link]; page 596
76 Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2002 Mar;3(3):249-55. Lamb SR. Pharmacoeconomics of drug therapy for atopic dermatitis. [Link]; page 597
77 J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002 Mar;109(3):539-46. Reitamo S. Efficacy and safety of tacrolimus ointment compared with that of hydrocortisone acetate ointment in children with atopic dermatitis. [Link]; page 597
78 Clin Exp Dermatol. 2002 Jan;27(1):3-7. Jolles S. A review of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for atopic dermatitis. [Link]; page 597
79 Tacrolimus ointment is more effective than pimecrolimus cream with a similar safety profile in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: results from 3 randomized, comparative studies. Author: Paller AS, Lebwohl M, Fleischer AB, Antaya R, Langley RG, Kirsner RS, Blum RR, Rico MJ, Jaracz E, Crowe A, Linowski GJ, US/Canada Tacrolimus Ointment Study Group .Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol; 2005 May ; 52(5):810-22. PubMed ID: 15858471 [Link]; page 597
80 Link no longer available; page 597
81 J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Oct;45(4):520-7. Gdalevich M. Breast-feeding and the onset of atopic dermatitis in childhood: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. [Link]; page 597
82 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000133. Kramer MS. Maternal antigen avoidance during pregnancy for preventing atopic disease in infants of women at high risk. [Link]; page 597
83 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000132. Kramer MS. Maternal antigen avoidance during lactation for preventing atopic disease in infants of women at high risk. [Link]; page 597
84 Fish oil supplementation in pregnancy modifies neonatal allergen-specific immune responses and clinical outcomes in infants at high risk of atopy: a randomized, controlled trial. Author: Dunstan JA, Mori TA, Barden A, Beilin LJ, Taylor AL, Holt PG, Prescott SL. Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol; 2003 Dec ; 112(6):1178-84. PubMed ID: 14657879 [Link]; page 597
85 Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2000 Aug;11(3):149-61. Halken S. Comparison of a partially hydrolyzed infant formula with two extensively hydrolyzed formulas for allergy prevention: a prospective, randomized study. Medline abstract, N=595 [Link]; page 597
86 Health Technol Assess. 2000;4(37):1-191. Hoare C. Systematic review of treatments for atopic eczema. Medline abstract, meta-analysis [Link]; page 597
87 Br J Dermatol. 2001 Sep;145(3):428-33. Evaluation of diagnostic criteria for atopic dermatitis: validity of the criteria of Williams et al. in a hospital-based setting--Gu H [Link]; page 597
88 Link no longer available; page 599
89 Br J Dermatol. 1994 Dec;131(6):883-6. Berth-Jones J. Value of a second freeze-thaw cycle in cryotherapy of common warts. [Link]; page 599
90 Photodynamic therapy: new treatment for therapy-resistant plantar warts. Author: Schroeter CA, Pleunis J, van Nispen tot Pannerden C, Reineke T, Neumann HA. Journal: Dermatol Surg; 2005 Jan ; 31(1):71-5. PubMed ID: 15720099 [Link]; page 599
91 J Fam Pract. 1995 Feb;40(2):136-8. Johnson LW. Communal showers and the risk of plantar warts.[Link]; page 599
92 Link no longer available; page 599
93 Link no longer available; page 599
94 Link no longer available; page 599
95 Link no longer available; page 599
96 Link no longer available; page 599
97 Link no longer available; page 599
98 Randomised controlled multiple treatment comparison to provide a cost-effectiveness rationale for the selection of antimicrobial therapy in acne. Author: Ozolins M, Eady EA, Avery A, Cunliffe WJ, O’neill C, Simpson NB, Williams HC. Journal: Health Technol Assess; 2005 Jan ; 9(1):1-212. PubMed ID: 15588555 [Link]; page 600
99 Randomised controlled multiple treatment comparison to provide a cost-effectiveness rationale for the selection of antimicrobial therapy in acne. Author: Ozolins M, Eady EA, Avery A, Cunliffe WJ, O’neill C, Simpson NB, Williams HC. Journal: Health Technol Assess; 2005 Jan ; 9(1):1-212. PubMed ID: 15588555 [Link]; page 600
100 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(1):CD001866. Jordan RE. Laser resurfacing for facial acne scars. [Link]; page 600
101 Evidence-based dermatology. Author: Margolis DJ. Journal: Cutis; 2005 Mar ; 75(3 Suppl):8-12; discussion 33-6. PubMed ID: 15810804 [Link]; page 600
102 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD002086. Garner SE. Minocycline for acne vulgaris: efficacy and safety. [Link]; page 600
103 BMJ. 1998 May 16;316(7143):1511-4. Vervloet D. Adverse reactions to drugs. [Link]; page 601
104 Topical steroid therapy in oral lichen planus: review of a novel delivery method in 24 patients. Author: Aleinikov A, Jordan RC, Main JH. Journal: J Can Dent Assoc; 1996 Apr ; 62(4):324-7. PubMed ID: 9011365 [Link]; page 602
105 Fluticasone propionate spray and betamethasone sodium phosphate mouthrinse: a randomized crossover study for the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus. Author: Hegarty AM, Hodgson TA, Lewsey JD, Porter SR. Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol; 2002 Aug ; 47(2):271-9. PubMed ID: 12140475[Link]; page 602
106 Br J Dermatol. 2000 Oct;143(4):795-8. Kosuge H. Epidemiological study of human herpesvirus-6 and human herpesvirus-7 in pityriasis rosea. [Link]; page 602
107 Dermis [Link]; page 602
108 N Engl J Med. 2002 Jan 31;346(5):321-7. Joly P. A comparison of oral and topical corticosteroids in patients with bullous pemphigoid. Medline abstract, N=341 [Link]; page 602
109 images for the diagnosis Pemphigus Vulgaris. [Link]; page 602
110 Phytophotodermatitis www.dermis.net/doia/image.asp?zugr=d&lang=e&cd=33&nr=12&diagnr=692982” >[Link]; page 603
111 Br J Dermatol. 2000 Oct;143(4):828-31. Patel DC. Efficacy of short-course oral prednisolone in polymorphic light eruption: a randomized controlled trial. Medline abstract, N=10 [Link]; page 603
112 Ugeskr Laeger. 2000 Apr 3;162(14):2020-4 (Danish). Bygum A. [Porphyria cutanea tarda] [Link]; page 603
113 A double-blind cross-over study of the effect of ketotifen in urticaria pigmentosa. Author: Czarnetzki BM. Journal: Dermatologica; 1983 ; 166(1):44-7. PubMed ID: 6341102 [Link]; page 603
114 [Bullous mastocytosis in a child] Author: Haustein UF, Bedri M. Journal: Hautarzt; 1997 Feb ; 48(2):127-9. PubMed ID: 9173060. [Link]; page 603
115 Cold urticaria in Thai children: comparison between cyproheptadine and ketotifen in the treatment. Author: Visitsunthorn N, Tuchinda M, Vichyanond P. Journal: Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol; 1995 Jun ; 13(1):29-35. PubMed ID: 7488341 [Link]; page 603
116 Comparison of cinnarizine, cyproheptadine, doxepin, and hydroxyzine in treatment of idiopathic cold urticaria: usefulness of doxepin. Author: NeittaanmŠki H, MyšhŠnen T, FrŠki JE. Journal: J Am Acad Dermatol; 1984 Sep ; 11(3):483-9. PubMed ID: 6480953. [Link]; page 603
117 Christina K Anderson, MD, Staff Physician, Department of Dermatology, Pennsylvania State Geisinger Medical Center [Link]; page 604
118 C Morrell 1998 BMJ i 1487 & A Fletcher BMJ 1997 315 576 [Link]; page 604
120 [Reduction of pressure sores during prone positioning of ventilated intensive care patients by the prone-head support system: a pilot study] Author: Prebio M, Katz-Papatheophilou E, Heindl W, Gelbmann H, Burghuber OC. Journal: Wien Klin Wochenschr; 2005 Feb ; 117(3):98-105. PubMed ID: 15773424. [Link]; page 604
120 Pressure ulcer prevention in intensive care - a randomised control trial of two pressure-relieving devices. Author: Theaker C, Kuper M, Soni N. Journal: Anaesthesia; 2005 Apr ; 60(4):395-9. PubMed ID: 15766343. [Link]; page 604
121 Pressure sores and pressure-decreasing mattresses: controlled clinical trial. Author: Hofman A, Geelkerken RH, Wille J, Hamming JJ, Hermans J, Breslau PJ. Journal: Lancet; 1994 Mar 5 ; 343(8897):568-71. PubMed ID: 7906329 [Link]; page 605
122 Hautarzt. 1990 Dec;41(12):680-2 (German). Naher H. [EBV replication and therapy of oral hairy leukoplakia using acyclovir] [Link]; page 606
123 Mucosal shedding of human herpesvirus 8 in men. Author: Pauk J, Huang ML, Brodie SJ, Wald A, Koelle DM, Schacker T, Celum C, Selke S, Corey L. Journal: N Engl J Med; 2000 Nov 9 ; 343(19):1369-77. PubMed ID: 11070101 [Link]; page 607
124 Nuvo application [Link]; page 608
125 Head lice on pillows, and strategies to make a small risk even less. Author: Speare R, Cahill C, Thomas G. Journal: Int J Dermatol; 2003 Aug ; 42(8):626-9. PubMed ID: 12890107. [Link]; page 609
126 A simple treatment for head lice: dry-on, suffocation-based pediculicide. Author: Pearlman DL. Journal: Pediatrics; 2004 Sep ; 114(3):e275-9. PubMed ID: 15342886 HYPERLINK “http://pubmedhh.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/abstract.cgi?id=15342886&from=cqsr” [Link]; page 609
127 Br J Dermatol. 2001 Apr;144(4):682-95. Hartmann K. Mastocytosis: recent advances in defining the disease. [Link]; page 610
128 Leuk Res. 2001 Jul;25(7):603-25. Valent P. Diagnostic criteria and classification of mastocytosis: a consensus proposal. [Link]; page 610
129 J Cutan Laser Ther. 2000 Mar;2(1):45-7. Bedlow AJ. The treatment of urticaria pigmentosa with the frequency-doubled Q-switch Nd:YAG laser. [Link]; page 610
130 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(1):CD001866. Jordan RE. Laser resurfacing for facial acne scars. [Link]; page 610
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
[Link]; page 583
Prevalence of atopic diseases and the use of topical corticosteroids. Is there any connection? Author: Pampura AN. Journal: Med Hypotheses; 2005 ; 64(3):575-8. PubMed ID: 15617870 [Link]; page 584
Dermatologists recommend adding an E to the ABCD acronym for recognizing early melanomas [Link]; page 587
The dermoscope [Link]; page 587
Borrelia burgdorferi infection prevalences in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in urban and suburban Bonn, western Germany. Author: Maetzel D, Maier WA, Kampen H. Journal: Parasitol Res; 2005 Jan ; 95(1):5-12. PubMed ID: 15549390. [Link]; page 588
Livedo reticularis and pregnancy morbidity in patients negative for antiphospholipid antibodies. Author: Sangle S, D’Cruz DP, Hughes GR. Journal: Ann Rheum Dis; 2005 Jan ; 64(1):147-8. PubMed ID: 15608315 [Link]; page 588
Fine mapping of chromosome 10q deletions in mycosis fungoides and sezary syndrome: Identification of two discrete regions of deletion at 10q23.33-24.1 and 10q24.33-25.1. Author: Wain EM, Mitchell TJ, Russell-Jones R, Whittaker SJ. Journal: Genes Chromosomes Cancer; 2005 Feb ; 42(2):184-92. PubMed ID: 15540164 [Link]; page 590
J Clin Oncol. 2001 Aug 15;19(16):3635-48. Balch CM. Final version of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system for cutaneous melanoma. [Link]; page 592
Mapping of the Major Psoriasis-Susceptibility Locus (PSORS1) in a 70-Kb Interval around the Corneodesmosin Gene (CDSN). Author: Orru S, Giuressi E, Carcassi C, Casula M, Contu L. Journal: Am J Hum Genet; 2005 Jan ; 76(1):164-71. PubMed ID: 15529278 [Link]; page 594
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000133. Kramer MS. Maternal antigen avoidance during pregnancy for preventing atopic disease in infants of women at high risk. [Link]; page 597
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(2):CD000131. Kramer MS. Maternal antigen avoidance during lactation for preventing atopic eczema in infants. [Link]; page 597
Affective psychosis following Accutane (isotretinoin) treatment. Author: Barak Y, Wohl Y, Greenberg Y, Dayan YB, Friedman T, Shoval G, Knobler HY. Journal: Int Clin Psychopharmacol; 2005 Jan ; 20(1):39-41. PubMed ID: 15602115. [Link]; page 600
Surrey Allergy Clinic [Link]; page 601
Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Infection in HIV/AIDS Patients From Santos, Brazil: Seroprevalence and Associated Factors. Journal: Sex Transm Dis; 2005 Jan ; 32(1):57-63. PubMed ID: 15614122 [Link]; page 607
DERMIS: a computer system for assisting primary-care physicians with dermatological diagnosis. Author: Brooks GJ, Ashton RE, Pethybridge RJ. Journal: Br J Dermatol; 1992 Dec ; 127(6):614-9. PubMed ID: 1476920 [Link]; page 611
Chapter 09: Anaesthesia
1 Urology. 2004 May;63(5):841-6; Use of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification to assess perioperative risk in patients undergoing radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma.--Han KR [Link]; page 614
2 Can J Anaesth. 2001 Oct;48(9):864 Information provision, patient involvement, and emotional support: prospective areas for improving anesthetic care--Hadjistavropoulos HD [Link]; page 6153 Int J Health Care Qual Assur. 1995;8(5):4-7. Improving the peri-operative experience: a multidisciplinary team approach.--Johns C [Link]; page 615
3 Link no longer available; page 615
4 Anesth Analg. 1999 Sep;89(3):652-8. Macario A. Which clinical anesthesia outcomes are important to avoid? The perspective of patients. [Link]; page 615
5 J Public Health Med. 1999 Sep;21(3):243-8. Clinical interventions and outcomes of One-to-One midwifery practice. Page L, McCourt C, Beake S, Vail A, Hewison J. [Link]; page 615
6 Med Instrum. 1983 Mar-Apr;17(2):107-8. Operating room event analysis--McDonald JS [Link]; page 615
7 Masui. 2000 Jan;49(1):7-17 Lack of communication between anesthesiologists and surgeons: comparison of questionnaire survey among anesthesiologists with that among surgeons concerning pre-anesthetic evaluation of surgical patients Irita K [Link]; page 615
8 Paediatr Anaesth. 2004 Jul;14(7):551 Anaesthesia induction in children: a psychological evaluation of the efficiency of parents’ presence.--Messeri A [Link]; page 616
9 Singapore Med J. 1992 Dec;33(6):608-10. Ranitidine and sodium citrate as prophylaxis against acid aspiration syndrome in obstetric patients undergoing caesarean section. Lim SK [Link]; page 616
10 Yu HP, Hseu SS, Yien HW, Teng YH, Chan KH. Oral clonidine premedication preserves heart rate variability for patients undergoing larparoscopic cholecystectomy.Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2003 Feb;47(2):185-90. PMID: 12631048 [Link]; page 616
11 Image of Yankauer Catheter [Link]; page 618
12 Randomized trial N=24 Can J Anaesth. 2001 May;48(5):439-45. Wilder-Smith OH. Midazolam premedication reduces propofol dose requirements for multiple anesthetic endpoints. [Link]; page 620
13 Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2001 Sep;45(8):1011-22. Figueredo E. Assessment of the efficacy of esmolol on the haemodynamic changes induced by laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation: a meta-analysis. [Link]; page 624
14 AANA J. 1998 Jun;66(3):299-303. Davis D. Pediatric endotracheal tube selection: a comparison of age-based and height-based criteria. [Link]; page 627
15 The use of the laryngeal mask airway with mechanical positive pressure ventilation. Author: Chmielewski C, Snyder-Clickett S. Journal: AANA J; 2004 Oct ; 72(5):347-51. PubMed ID: 15529730[Link]; page 627
16 Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway [Link]; page 627
17 Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2000 Oct;48(5):459-72 (French). Ancelin ML. [Anesthesia and postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the elderly: a review of clinical and epidemiological observations][Link]; page 630
18 Ugeskr Laeger. 2001 Feb 12;163(7):929-30 (Danish). Barnung SK. [Premedication in ambulatory surgery] [Link]; page 630
19 Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2001 Jul;45(6):659-70. Kranke P. The influence of a dominating centre on a quantitative systematic review of granisetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. [Link]; page 630
20 Anasthesiol Intensivmed Notfallmed Schmerzther. 1999 Sep;34(9):528-36 (German). Eberhart LH. [Meta-analysis of controlled randomized studies on droperidol for prevention of postoperative phase vomiting and nausea] [Link]; page 630
21 Anesth Analg. 1999 Jun;88(6):1370-9. Domino KB. Comparative efficacy and safety of ondansetron, droperidol, and metoclopramide for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting: a meta-analysis.[Link]; page 630
22 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000;(4):CD001893. Jorgensen H. Epidural local anaesthetics versus opioid-based analgesic regimens on postoperative gastrointestinal paralysis, PONV and pain after abdominal surgery. [Link]; page 630
23 Lancet. 2002 Apr 13;359(9314):1276-82 Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia and outcome of major surgery: a randomised trial.--Rigg JR [Link]; page 630
24 Lancet. 2002 Apr 13;359(9314):1276-82. Epidural anaesthesia and analgesia and outcome of major surgery: a randomised trial. Rigg J [Link]; page 635
25 Neurosurg Rev. 2000 Dec;23(4):175-204; discussion 205. Reihsaus E. Spinal epidural abscess: a meta-analysis of 915 patients. [Link]; page 635
26 Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2001;(2):CD002765. Lee A. Effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on post-operative renal function in normal adults. [Link]; page 636
27 Br J Anaesth. 2000 Apr;84(4):450-5. Urwin SC. General versus regional anaesthesia for hip fracture surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. [Link]; page 636
28 Anaesth Intensive Care. 1997 Dec;25(6):679-85. Horan BF. Evidence-based medicine and anaesthesia: uneasy bedfellows? [Link]; page 637
Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2000 Apr;19(4):242-8. Impact of an information booklet on patient satisfaction in anesthesia--Albaladejo P [Link]; page 615
Meta-analysis of trials comparing postoperative recovery after anesthesia with sevoflurane or desflurane. Author: Macario A, Dexter F, Lubarsky D. Journal: Am J Health Syst Pharm; 2005 Jan 1 ; 62(1):63-8. PubMed ID: 15658074. [Link]; page 618
Ketamine and postoperative pain - a quantitative systematic review of randomised trials. Author: Elia N, Tram�r MR. Journal: Pain; 2005 Jan ; 113(1-2):61-70. PubMed ID: 15621365. [Link]; page 621
Hypoxia and surgical patients - prevention and treatment of an unnecessary cause of morbidity and mortality. L. STRACHAN and D.W. NOBLE [Link]; page 630
LEVOBUPIVACAINE A long acting local anaesthetic, with less cardiac and neurotoxicity [Link]; page 632
The risk of cesarean delivery with neuraxial analgesia given early versus late in labor. Author: Wong CA, Scavone BM, Peaceman AM, McCarthy RJ, Sullivan JT, Diaz NT, Yaghmour E, Marcus RJ, Sherwani SS, Sproviero MT, Yilmaz M, Patel R, Robles C, Grouper [Link]; page 635
Chapter 10: Eponymous syndromes
1 Ultrastruct Pathol. 2001 May-Jun;25(3):193-200. Meleg-Smith S. Alport disease: a review of the diagnostic difficulties. [Link]; page 638
2 Evaluation of a new computer intervention to teach people with autism or Asperger syndrome to recognize and predict emotions in others. Author: Silver M, Oakes P. Journal: Autism; 2001 Sep ; 5(3):299-316. PubMed ID: 11708589 [Link]; page 638
3 Genomics. 1998 Sep 1;52(2):219-22. Hoang EH. Cloning of a novel C-terminal kinesin (KIFC3) that maps to human chromosome 16q13-q21 and thus is a candidate gene for Bardet-Biedl syndrome.[Link]; page 638
4 Hum Mol Genet. 2001 Oct 1;10(20):2293-9. Katsanis N. Exploring the molecular basis of Bardet-Biedl syndrome. [Link]; page 638
5 Cancer Res. 2002 Feb 1;62(3):801-8. Rylova SN. The CLN3 gene is a novel molecular target for cancer drug discovery. [Link]; page 638
6 J Child Neurol. 2001 Nov;16(11):870-1. Johnsen SD. Prednisone therapy in Becker’s muscular dystrophy. [Link]; page 638
7 Can J Cardiol. 2001 Oct;17(10):1061-9. Finsterer J. Cardiac involvement in myotonic dystrophy, Becker muscular dystrophy and mitochondrial myopathy: a five-year follow-up. [Link]; page 638
8 Lancet. 1997 Mar 8;349(9053):663-4. Pritchard-Jones K. Biology of Wilms’ tumour. [Link]; page 638
9 Tuberous sclerosis--eMedicine [Link]; page 638
10 We thank Mr CN ChauFRCS for permission to reproduce this image. [Link]; page 639
11 Crit Care. 2001 Aug;5(4):232-5. Dejode JM. Capgras syndrome: a clinical manifestation of watershed cerebral infarct complicating the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. [Link]; page 640
12 Swiss Surg. 2002;8(1):7-10. Altinli E. Castleman’s disease masquerading as sigmoid colon tumor and Hodgkin lymphoma. [Link]; page 640
13 Am J Med Genet. 2002 Feb 15;108(1):16-22. Karim MA. Apparent genotype-phenotype correlation in childhood, adolescent, and adult Chediak-Higashi syndrome. [Link]; page 640
14 Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2001;2:299-341. Kelley RI. Inborn errors of sterol biosynthesis.[Link]; page 640
15 Am J Ment Retard. 2002 Mar;107(2):146-54. Hyman P. Self-injurious behavior, self-restraint, and compulsive behaviors in Cornelia de Lange syndrome. [Link]; page 640
15 Psychiatry. 2000 Summer;63(2):208-13. Allen JR. A disturbed child’s use of a public event: Cotard’s syndrome in a ten-year-old. [Link]; page 640
16 Transplantation. 2002 Jan 15;73(1):67-9. Schauer R. Successful liver transplantation of two brothers with crigler-najjar syndrome type 1 using a single cadaveric organ. [Link]; page 640
17 J Intellect Disabil Res. 1996 Jun;40 ( Pt 3):275-8. Mann J. Homo-erotomania for a delusional parent: erotomania with Capgras and Fregoli syndromes in a young male with learning difficulties. [Link]; page 640
18 Sangre (Barc). 1997 Jun;42(3):223-5 (Spanish). Escalante RM. [Diamond-Blackfan syndrome: pregnancy and heredity] [Link]; page 640
19 Preimplantation HLA testing. Author: Verlinsky Y, Rechitsky S, Sharapova T, Morris R, Taranissi M, Kuliev A. Journal: JAMA; 2004 May 5 ; 291(17):2079-85. PubMed ID: 15126435 [Link]; page 640
20 Marianne Rosendal 2005 Management of medically unexplained symptoms BMJ 2005;330:4-5[Link]; page 641
21 Capgras syndrome and possible worlds or places where the real person and its imposter coexist. Author: Niiyama Y. Journal: Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi; 2004 ; 106(3):281-303. PubMed ID: 15164577[Link]; page 641
22 Clonal pluralization of the self’: a new form of delusional misidentification syndrome. Author: VÅ¡rÅ¡s V, TŽnyi T, Simon M, Trixler M. Journal: Psychopathology; 2003 Jan-Feb ; 36(1):46-8. PubMed ID: 12679592 [Link]; page 641
23 Brain Dev. 2001 Dec;23(8):810-4. Roubertie A. Neurological presentation of three patients with 22q11 deletion (CATCH 22 syndrome). [Link]; page 642
24 Recenti Prog Med. 1999 Apr;90(4):213-5 (Italian). Bindi M. [Chronic erythremic myelosis (or the chronic form of Di Guglielmo’s disease). A case report] [Link]; page 642
25 Glucocorticoid corticosteroids for Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Author: Manzur AY, Kuntzer T, Pike M, Swan A. Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 2004 ; (2):CD003725. PubMed ID: 15106215 [Link]; page 642
26 Rev Port Cardiol. 2001 Sep;20(9):865-73 (English, Portuguese). Moura C. Ebstein’s anomaly in neonates. [Link]; page 642
27 Int J Epidemiol. 1999 Aug;28(4):711-6. Naguib KK. Trisomy 18 in Kuwait. [Link]; page 642
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Web-based references relating to the disc signs in footnotes, organised by page number
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Chapter 11: Orthopaedics and trauma
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