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Pericardial disease 

Pericardial disease
Chapter:
Pericardial disease
DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199549573.003.11
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date: 22 October 2019

Imaging the pericardium 294

Pericarditis 296

Pericardial effusion 298

Pericardial constriction 300

Pericardial cysts 302

Pericardial tumours 304

Congenital absence of the pericardium 306

The pericardium consists of a parietal and visceral layer, usually with a small amount of fluid in between (especially in the pericardial recesses, and in children and young adults). Variable amounts of fat may be present both on the surface of the heart (‘epicardial fat’) and on the pericardial surface (‘pericardial fat’). The thin pericardium is often not seen on CMR imaging, unless highlighted by surrounding fat, and the close proximity of fat, fluid, and fibrotic tissue within one voxel often causes a chemical shift artefact, resulting in complete absence of signal in these pixels. The pericardium may therefore appear as a thin black line....

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