Routine Testing for HIV Infection and Pre-Exposure and Post-Exposure Prophylaxis
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199392742.003.0031
Substantial progress has been made in the fight against HIV/AIDS, and newer therapies are enabling individuals to live longer and healthier lives. Furthermore, the concept of treatment as prevention is now well solidified and has increased the urgency to identify and treat all HIV-infected individuals. As such, revised guidelines for HIV testing have shifted from a model of “targeted testing” to a more universal approach whereby all individuals have routine testing for HIV as part of medical care. Despite this approach, the number of incident HIV cases has remained stable in the United States. In addition to behavioral interventions and counseling, preventative strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) are being used to help protect at-risk individuals.
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