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Neuroimaging of Autism Spectrum Disorder 

Neuroimaging of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Chapter:
Neuroimaging of Autism Spectrum Disorder
Author(s):

Nicole R. Zürcher

and Jacob M. Hooker

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199349722.003.0010
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date: 24 May 2022

Neuroimaging studies have reported atypicalities in neurotransmitter systems, brain anatomy, and brain function in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) across all ages, but a biomarker has yet to be discovered. Discovery of a biomarker, a pathophysiological mechanism common to individuals with ASD or a subgroup of individuals with ASD, could potentially help in early diagnosis and the development of more targeted pharmacological or behavioral interventions. This chapter examines the types of information that can be obtained using the following neuroimaging techniques: magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and positron emission tomography/single-photon emission computed tomography. After an introduction to the techniques, a discussion of the advantages of each technique and an overview of key findings in ASD research are provided.

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