- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- Part 3 The thyroid
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- 4.1 Parathyroid anatomy, hormone synthesis, secretion, action, and receptors
- 4.2Hypercalcaemia
- 4.3 Primary hyperparathyroidism
- 4.4 Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
- 4.5 Hypocalcaemic disorders, hypoparathyroidism, and pseudohypoparathyroidism
- 4.6 Hypercalcaemic and hypocalcaemic syndromes in children
- 4.7 Osteoporosis
- 4.8 Thyroid disorders and bone disease
- 4.9 Paget’s disease of bone
- 4.10 Rickets and osteomalacia (acquired and heritable forms) and skeletal dysplasias
- 4.11 Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus
(p. 633) Parathyroid anatomy, hormone synthesis, secretion, action, and receptors
- Chapter:
- (p. 633) Parathyroid anatomy, hormone synthesis, secretion, action, and receptors
- Author(s):
Geoffrey N. Hendy
and David Goltzman
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.0404
Humans have two pairs of parathyroid glands lying in the anterior cervical region. The fetal parathyroid glands begin developing at 5 weeks from the third and fourth pharyngeal pouches. The third pharyngeal pouch, which contains tissue that will become the thymus and parathyroid, migrates downward and gives rise to the two inferior parathyroid glands normally located at the lower poles of the thyroid. The fourth pharyngeal pouch does not migrate and gives rise to the two upper parathyroid glands, which normally are attached to the upper poles of the thyroid (1).
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- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- Part 3 The thyroid
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- 4.1 Parathyroid anatomy, hormone synthesis, secretion, action, and receptors
- 4.2Hypercalcaemia
- 4.3 Primary hyperparathyroidism
- 4.4 Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia
- 4.5 Hypocalcaemic disorders, hypoparathyroidism, and pseudohypoparathyroidism
- 4.6 Hypercalcaemic and hypocalcaemic syndromes in children
- 4.7 Osteoporosis
- 4.8 Thyroid disorders and bone disease
- 4.9 Paget’s disease of bone
- 4.10 Rickets and osteomalacia (acquired and heritable forms) and skeletal dysplasias
- 4.11 Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus