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Thyroid disease during pregnancy 

Thyroid disease during pregnancy
Chapter:
Thyroid disease during pregnancy
Author(s):

John H. Lazarus

, L.D. Kuvera

, and E. Premawardhana

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.3255
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date: 23 May 2022

Thyroid disorders are common. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism is around 5/1000 in women and overt hypothyroidism about 3/1000 in women. Subclinical hypothyroidism has a prevalence in women of childbearing age in iodine-sufficient areas of between 4% and 8%. As these conditions are generally much more common in females, it is to be expected that they will appear during pregnancy. Developments in our understanding of thyroid physiology (1) and immunology (2) in pregnancy, as well as improvements in thyroid function testing (3), have highlighted the importance of recognizing and providing appropriate therapy to women with gestational thyroid disorders. Before considering the clinical entities occurring during and after pregnancy it is useful to briefly review thyroid physiology and immunology in relation to pregnancy.

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