- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- Part 3 The thyroid
- 3.1 Evaluation of the thyroid patient
- 3.2 Aetiology of thyroid disorders
- 3.3 Thyrotoxicosis and related disorders
- 3.4 Hypothyroidism and pregnancy- and growth-related thyroid disorders
- 3.4.1 Clinical assessment and systemic manifestations of hypothyroidism
- 3.4.2 Causes and laboratory investigation of hypothyroidism
- 3.4.3 Myxoedema coma
- 3.4.4 Subclinical hypothyroidism
- 3.4.5 Thyroid disease during pregnancy
- 3.4.6 Thyroid disease after pregnancy: postpartum thyroiditis
- 3.4.7 Thyroid disease in newborns, infants, and children
- 3.4.8 Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome
- 3.4.9 Treatment of hypothyroidism
- 3.5 Thyroid lumps
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus
Thyroid disease during pregnancy
- Chapter:
- Thyroid disease during pregnancy
- Author(s):
John H. Lazarus
, L.D. Kuvera
, and E. Premawardhana
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.3255
Thyroid disorders are common. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism is around 5/1000 in women and overt hypothyroidism about 3/1000 in women. Subclinical hypothyroidism has a prevalence in women of childbearing age in iodine-sufficient areas of between 4% and 8%. As these conditions are generally much more common in females, it is to be expected that they will appear during pregnancy. Developments in our understanding of thyroid physiology (1) and immunology (2) in pregnancy, as well as improvements in thyroid function testing (3), have highlighted the importance of recognizing and providing appropriate therapy to women with gestational thyroid disorders. Before considering the clinical entities occurring during and after pregnancy it is useful to briefly review thyroid physiology and immunology in relation to pregnancy.
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- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- Part 3 The thyroid
- 3.1 Evaluation of the thyroid patient
- 3.2 Aetiology of thyroid disorders
- 3.3 Thyrotoxicosis and related disorders
- 3.4 Hypothyroidism and pregnancy- and growth-related thyroid disorders
- 3.4.1 Clinical assessment and systemic manifestations of hypothyroidism
- 3.4.2 Causes and laboratory investigation of hypothyroidism
- 3.4.3 Myxoedema coma
- 3.4.4 Subclinical hypothyroidism
- 3.4.5 Thyroid disease during pregnancy
- 3.4.6 Thyroid disease after pregnancy: postpartum thyroiditis
- 3.4.7 Thyroid disease in newborns, infants, and children
- 3.4.8 Thyroid hormone resistance syndrome
- 3.4.9 Treatment of hypothyroidism
- 3.5 Thyroid lumps
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus