- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- Part 3 The thyroid
- 3.1 Evaluation of the thyroid patient
- 3.2 Aetiology of thyroid disorders
- 3.3 Thyrotoxicosis and related disorders
- 3.3.1 Clinical assessment and systemic manifestations of thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.2 Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis
- 3.3.3 Thyrotoxic storm
- 3.3.4 Subclinical hyperthyroidism
- 3.3.5 Causes and laboratory investigations of thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.6 Antithyroid drug treatment for thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.7 Radio-iodine treatment of hyperthyroidism
- 3.3.8 Surgery for thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.9 Management of Graves’ hyperthyroidism
- 3.3.10 Graves’ ophthalmopathy and dermopathy
- 3.3.11 Management of toxic multinodular goitre and toxic adenoma
- 3.3.12 Management of thyrotoxicosis without hyperthyroidism
- 3.4 Hypothyroidism and pregnancy- and growth-related thyroid disorders
- 3.5 Thyroid lumps
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus
(p. 466) Causes and laboratory investigations of thyrotoxicosis
- Chapter:
- (p. 466) Causes and laboratory investigations of thyrotoxicosis
- Author(s):
Francesco Latrofa
, Paolo Vitti
, and Aldo Pinchera
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.3182
The term thyrotoxicosis identifies the clinical syndrome caused by elevated circulating thyroid hormones of all sources, while the term hyperthyroidism includes only the disorders due to an increased secretion of hormones by the thyroid gland. Hyperthyroidism is the most frequent cause of thyrotoxicosis. Destructive processes involving the thyroid gland that induce unregulated discharge of preformed thyroid hormones (destructive thyrotoxicosis) and circulating thyroid hormone of extrathyroidal origin (exogenous or extrathyroidal thyrotoxicosis) are less common causes of thyrotoxicosis. Although careful history taking and physical examination often allows a diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis to be made, laboratory confirmation by measurement of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormone is always needed. Once thyrotoxicosis is confirmed, laboratory testing and thyroid imaging are required to identify the cause of thyrotoxicosis.
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- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- Part 3 The thyroid
- 3.1 Evaluation of the thyroid patient
- 3.2 Aetiology of thyroid disorders
- 3.3 Thyrotoxicosis and related disorders
- 3.3.1 Clinical assessment and systemic manifestations of thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.2 Thyrotoxic periodic paralysis
- 3.3.3 Thyrotoxic storm
- 3.3.4 Subclinical hyperthyroidism
- 3.3.5 Causes and laboratory investigations of thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.6 Antithyroid drug treatment for thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.7 Radio-iodine treatment of hyperthyroidism
- 3.3.8 Surgery for thyrotoxicosis
- 3.3.9 Management of Graves’ hyperthyroidism
- 3.3.10 Graves’ ophthalmopathy and dermopathy
- 3.3.11 Management of toxic multinodular goitre and toxic adenoma
- 3.3.12 Management of thyrotoxicosis without hyperthyroidism
- 3.4 Hypothyroidism and pregnancy- and growth-related thyroid disorders
- 3.5 Thyroid lumps
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus