- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- 2.1 General concepts of hypothalamus-pituitary anatomy
- 2.2 The neurohypophysis
- 2.3 Aetiology, pathogenesis, and management of disease of the pituitary
- 2.3.1 Development of the pituitary and genetic forms of hypopituitarism
- 2.3.2 Molecular pathogenesis of pituitary tumours
- 2.3.3 Histopathology of pituitary tumours
- 2.3.4 Pituitary assessment strategy
- 2.3.5 Imaging of the pituitary
- 2.3.6 Hypopituitarism: replacement of adrenal, thyroid, and gonadal axes
- 2.3.7 Adult growth hormone deficiency
- 2.3.8 Surgery of pituitary tumours
- 2.3.9 Pituitary radiotherapy
- 2.3.10 Prolactinomas and hyperprolactinaemia (including macroprolactinaemia)
- 2.3.11 Acromegaly
- 2.3.12 Clinically nonfunctioning pituitary tumours and gonadotropinomas
- 2.3.13 Thyrotropinomas
- 2.3.14 Pituitary carcinoma
- 2.3.15 Pituitary incidentalomas
- 2.4 Aetiology, pathogenesis, and management of diseases of the hypothalamus
- 2.5 Pineal physiology and pathophysiology, including pineal tumours
- 2.6 Neuropsychiatric endocrinological disorders
- Part 3 The thyroid
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus
Hypopituitarism: replacement of adrenal, thyroid, and gonadal axes
- Chapter:
- Hypopituitarism: replacement of adrenal, thyroid, and gonadal axes
- Author(s):
Trevor A. Howlett
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199235292.003.2083
Hormone replacement of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency is one of the most frequent clinical interventions in pituitary disease, yet is an area which has rarely been the subject of rigorous scientific evaluation. Even in an era of ‘evidence-based’ medicine, recommendations for patient management are frequently based predominantly on clinical experience, consensus guidelines and occasional retrospective reviews rather than on controlled, prospective clinical trials. Within these limitations, this chapter will attempt to give a balanced view on current best management of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and gonadotropin deficiency.
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- Part 1 Principles of international endocrine practice
- Part 2 Pituitary and hypothalamic diseases
- 2.1 General concepts of hypothalamus-pituitary anatomy
- 2.2 The neurohypophysis
- 2.3 Aetiology, pathogenesis, and management of disease of the pituitary
- 2.3.1 Development of the pituitary and genetic forms of hypopituitarism
- 2.3.2 Molecular pathogenesis of pituitary tumours
- 2.3.3 Histopathology of pituitary tumours
- 2.3.4 Pituitary assessment strategy
- 2.3.5 Imaging of the pituitary
- 2.3.6 Hypopituitarism: replacement of adrenal, thyroid, and gonadal axes
- 2.3.7 Adult growth hormone deficiency
- 2.3.8 Surgery of pituitary tumours
- 2.3.9 Pituitary radiotherapy
- 2.3.10 Prolactinomas and hyperprolactinaemia (including macroprolactinaemia)
- 2.3.11 Acromegaly
- 2.3.12 Clinically nonfunctioning pituitary tumours and gonadotropinomas
- 2.3.13 Thyrotropinomas
- 2.3.14 Pituitary carcinoma
- 2.3.15 Pituitary incidentalomas
- 2.4 Aetiology, pathogenesis, and management of diseases of the hypothalamus
- 2.5 Pineal physiology and pathophysiology, including pineal tumours
- 2.6 Neuropsychiatric endocrinological disorders
- Part 3 The thyroid
- Part 4 Parathyroid, calcium, and bone metabolism
- Part 5 The adrenal gland and endocrine hypertension
- Part 6 Neuroendocrine tumours and genetic disorders
- Part 7 Growth and development during childhood
- Part 8 Female endocrinology and pregnancy
- Part 9 Male hypogonadism and infertility
- Part 10 Endocrinology of ageing and systemic disease
- Part 11 Endocrinology of cancer
- Part 12 Obesity, lipids, and metabolic disorders
- Part 13 Diabetes mellitus
