- Preface to the fifth edition
- Introduction to Volume 1: The scope of public health
- Introduction to Volume 2: The methods of public health
- Introduction to Volume 3: The practice of public health
- List of contributors
- Section 1 The development of the discipline of public health
- Section 2 Determinants of health and disease
- Section 3 Public health policies
- Section 4 Public health law and ethics
- Section 5 Information systems and sources of intelligence
- Section 6 Epidemiological and biostatistical approaches
- 6.1 Epidemiology: The foundation of public health
- 6.2 Ecologic variables, ecologic studies, and multilevel studies in public health research
- 6.3 Cross-sectional studies
- 6.4 Principles of outbreak investigation
- 6.5 Case–control studies*
- 6.6 Cohort studis
- 6.7 Methodology of intervention trials in individuals
- 6.8 Methodological issues in the design and analysis of community intervention trials
- 6.9 Community-based intervention studies in high-income countries
- 6.10 Community-based intervention trials in low- and middle-income countries
- 6.11 Clinical epidemiology
- 6.12 Validity and bias in epidemiological research
- 6.13 Causation and causal inference
- 6.14 Systematic reviews and meta-analysis
- 6.15 Statistical methods
- 6.16 Mathematical models of transmission and control
- 6.17 Public health surveillance
- Section 7 Social science techniques
- Section 8 Environmental and occupational health sciences
- Section 9 Major health problems
- Section 10 Prevention and control of public health hazards
- Section 11 Public health needs of population groups
- Section 12 Public health functions
- Index
(p. 498) Case–control studies*
- Author(s):
Noel S. Weiss
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199218707.003.0030
Case–control studies compare ill or injured individuals (cases) with those at risk of the illness or injury (controls) with regard to prior exposures or characteristics, and so appear to proceed backwards, from consequence to potential cause. However, if a case–control study is able to enrol cases and controls from the same underlying population at risk of the outcome, and can measure exposure status of these persons in a valid manner, the results obtained will closely resemble those of a properly performed cohort study.
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- Preface to the fifth edition
- Introduction to Volume 1: The scope of public health
- Introduction to Volume 2: The methods of public health
- Introduction to Volume 3: The practice of public health
- List of contributors
- Section 1 The development of the discipline of public health
- Section 2 Determinants of health and disease
- Section 3 Public health policies
- Section 4 Public health law and ethics
- Section 5 Information systems and sources of intelligence
- Section 6 Epidemiological and biostatistical approaches
- 6.1 Epidemiology: The foundation of public health
- 6.2 Ecologic variables, ecologic studies, and multilevel studies in public health research
- 6.3 Cross-sectional studies
- 6.4 Principles of outbreak investigation
- 6.5 Case–control studies*
- 6.6 Cohort studis
- 6.7 Methodology of intervention trials in individuals
- 6.8 Methodological issues in the design and analysis of community intervention trials
- 6.9 Community-based intervention studies in high-income countries
- 6.10 Community-based intervention trials in low- and middle-income countries
- 6.11 Clinical epidemiology
- 6.12 Validity and bias in epidemiological research
- 6.13 Causation and causal inference
- 6.14 Systematic reviews and meta-analysis
- 6.15 Statistical methods
- 6.16 Mathematical models of transmission and control
- 6.17 Public health surveillance
- Section 7 Social science techniques
- Section 8 Environmental and occupational health sciences
- Section 9 Major health problems
- Section 10 Prevention and control of public health hazards
- Section 11 Public health needs of population groups
- Section 12 Public health functions
- Index