- Preface
- Foreword
- Symbols and Abbreviations
- Chapter 1 How to survive outpatient clinics in breast disease
- Chapter 2 The National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP)
- Chapter 3 Multidisciplinary working
- Chapter 4 Anatomy and physiology
- Chapter 5 Breast cancer—facts and figures
- Chapter 6 Breast assessment: making the diagnosis
- Chapter 7 Benign breast problems and their management
- Chapter 8 Surgical management of benign breast disease
- Chapter 9 Gynaecomastia
- Chapter 10 Invasive breast carcinoma: pathology and prognosis
- Chapter 11 Non-invasive breast disease: DCIS, lobular pathologies, and hyperplasias
- Chapter 12 Basic surgery for breast cancer and the management of margins
- Chapter 13 Adjuvant therapy
- Chapter 14 Treatment-induced complications
- Chapter 15 Ward management
- Chapter 16 Breast reduction
- Chapter 17 Oncoplastic mastectomy incisions
- Chapter 18 Breast-conserving surgery: volume displacement
- Chapter 19 Breast reconstruction: volume replacement
- Chapter 20 Lipomodelling
- Chapter 21 Nipple-areola reconstruction
- Chapter 22 Breast augmentation and symmetrization surgery
- Chapter 23 Recurrent breast cancer
- Chapter 24 Management of the high-risk patient
- Chapter 25 Research and audit
- Chapter 26 Complaints, mistakes, and how to minimize problems
- Index
(p. 227) Research and audit
- Chapter:
- (p. 227) Research and audit
- Author(s):
James Harvey
, Sue Down
, Rachel Bright-Thomas
, John Winstanley
, and Hugh Bishop
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199215065.003.0025
Research and audit. Breast cancer is at the forefront of research and the development of new treatment strategies. All doctors must demonstrate their participation in audit for appraisal and revalidation. This chapter explains the difference between research and audit, and describes the process which should be followed when planning to undertake any study. The practicalities of funding and ethical approval are discussed. Clinical trials are described in some detail to facilitate the critique of available evidence. Finally, the process of setting up a clinical trial is covered.
Access to the complete content on Oxford Medicine Online requires a subscription or purchase. Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts for each book and chapter without a subscription.
Please subscribe or login to access full text content.
If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code.
For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQs, and if you can't find the answer there, please contact us.
- Preface
- Foreword
- Symbols and Abbreviations
- Chapter 1 How to survive outpatient clinics in breast disease
- Chapter 2 The National Health Service Breast Screening Programme (NHSBSP)
- Chapter 3 Multidisciplinary working
- Chapter 4 Anatomy and physiology
- Chapter 5 Breast cancer—facts and figures
- Chapter 6 Breast assessment: making the diagnosis
- Chapter 7 Benign breast problems and their management
- Chapter 8 Surgical management of benign breast disease
- Chapter 9 Gynaecomastia
- Chapter 10 Invasive breast carcinoma: pathology and prognosis
- Chapter 11 Non-invasive breast disease: DCIS, lobular pathologies, and hyperplasias
- Chapter 12 Basic surgery for breast cancer and the management of margins
- Chapter 13 Adjuvant therapy
- Chapter 14 Treatment-induced complications
- Chapter 15 Ward management
- Chapter 16 Breast reduction
- Chapter 17 Oncoplastic mastectomy incisions
- Chapter 18 Breast-conserving surgery: volume displacement
- Chapter 19 Breast reconstruction: volume replacement
- Chapter 20 Lipomodelling
- Chapter 21 Nipple-areola reconstruction
- Chapter 22 Breast augmentation and symmetrization surgery
- Chapter 23 Recurrent breast cancer
- Chapter 24 Management of the high-risk patient
- Chapter 25 Research and audit
- Chapter 26 Complaints, mistakes, and how to minimize problems
- Index