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Neurological complications of systemic disease 

Neurological complications of systemic disease
Chapter:
Neurological complications of systemic disease
Author(s):

Neil Scolding

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.2420
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date: 12 June 2021

Primary neuroimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis or the Guillain–Barré syndrome are well recognized (and described elsewhere in this section), but there are numerous diverse systemic inflammatory, infective, or immunological disorders that can affect the nervous system.

Autoimmune rheumatic disorders—(1) Systemic lupus erythematosus—neurological manifestations include headache, acute or subacute encephalopathy, fits, myelitis, strokes and movement disorders (including chorea and other extrapyramidal disorders), ataxia and brainstem abnormalities, cranial and peripheral neuropathies, and psychiatric and cognitive disturbances. Risk of stroke is particularly associated with the lupus anticoagulant and the primary antiphospholipid syndrome. (2) Other conditions—(a) rheumatoid arthritis: mononeuritis, cervical cord compression; (b) Sjögren’s syndrome: sensory neuropathy, myositis, various central nervous system complications; (c) Reiter’s disease: polyneuritis, radiculitis, various central nervous system manifestations....

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