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Chronic kidney disease 

Chronic kidney disease
Chapter:
Chronic kidney disease
Author(s):

Eberhard Ritz

, and Tilman B. Drüeke

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.2106_update_001

Update: Enhanced discussion of (1) increased mortality associated with very modest increase in proteinuria; (2) effect of blood pressure control on progression—new trial in African American patients with hypertensive kidney disease; (3) use of newer phosphate binders and the calcimimetic, cinacalcet; (4) timing of initiation of dialysis.

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date: 04 August 2021

Definition—chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as kidney damage lasting for more than 3 months characterized by structural or functional abnormalities of the kidney, with or without decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

Staging—CKD has been subdivided into five stages depending on the estimated GFR (eGFR), as described in ...

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