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Disorders of potassium homeostasis 

Disorders of potassium homeostasis
Chapter:
Disorders of potassium homeostasis
Author(s):

J Firth

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.210202_update_001

Update:

Hypokalaemia—enhanced discussion of (1) association with hypomagnesaemia and treatment in this circumstance; (2) investigative approach, with use of the urinary potassium to creatinine ratio or calculation of the transtubular potassium concentration gradient (TTKG) to differentiate renal and non-renal causes; (3) channelopathies as the basis for at least some cases of thyrotoxic periodic paralysis.

Hyperkalaemia—only minor changes to this section of the chapter required and made.

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date: 29 November 2020

The normal range of potassium concentration in serum is 3.5 to 5.0 mmol/litre and within cells it is 150 to 160 mmol/litre, the ratio of intracellular to extracellular potassium concentration being a critical determinant of cellular resting membrane potential and thereby of the function of excitable tissues....

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