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Acute rheumatic fever 

Acute rheumatic fever
Chapter:
Acute rheumatic fever
Author(s):

Jonathan R. Carapetis

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.160901_update_001

Update:

Diagnosis – 2014 revision of Jones criteria including (1) requirement for fever >38o, rather than >38.5o, in moderate-high risk populations; (2) echocardiographic features that allow the diagnosis of acute rheumatic carditis even in the absence of a significant cardiac murmur. Management – use of corticosteroids in severe or refractory chorea.

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date: 28 September 2021

Acute rheumatic fever is an immunologically mediated multisystem disease induced by recent infection with group A streptococcus. About 5% of people have the potential to develop acute rheumatic fever after infection by a strain of streptococcus with propensity to cause the condition. Most cases (97%) occur in low-income and some middle-income countries, with indigenous populations in some affluent countries also affected. Children aged 5 to 15 years are most commonly affected, and rheumatic heart disease remains the most common acquired heart disease of childhood in the world....

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