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Pentastomiasis (porocephalosis, linguatulosis/linguatuliasis) 

Pentastomiasis (porocephalosis, linguatulosis/linguatuliasis)
Chapter:
Pentastomiasis (porocephalosis, linguatulosis/linguatuliasis)
Author(s):

David A. Warrell

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.0713_update_001

Update:

Taxonomy—phylogenetic trees indicate coevolution of pentastomes and other maxillopodan/branchiuran parasites with their vertebrate hosts: birds, snakes, mammals, and fish

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date: 13 August 2020

Pentastomiases or porocephaloses are zoonotic infections caused by maxillopod crustacean parasites (subclass Pentastomida).

Linguatula serrata (‘tongueworm’)—this is cosmopolitan, infecting upper respiratory tracts of the definitive hosts, canids. Nymphs discharged in nasal secretions are taken up by herbivorous animals, the intermediate hosts, which pass on the infection when they are eaten. Humans may be infected by eating raw liver and other offal of sheep, goats, and other animals, soon after which acute allergic obstructive nasolaryngopharyngitis (halzoun or marrara syndrome) may develop. Larvae can be found in sputum and vomitus....

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