- 1 On being a patient
- 2 Modern medicine: foundations, achievements, and limitations
- 3 Global patterns of disease and medical practice
- 4 Cell biology
- 5 Immunological mechanisms
- 6 Principles of clinical oncology
- 7 Infection
- 7.1 Pathogenic microorganisms and the host
- 7.2 The patient with suspected infection
- 7.3 Immunization
- 7.4 Travel and expedition medicine
- 7.5 Viruses
- 7.6 Bacteria
- 7.7 Fungi (mycoses)
- 7.8 Protozoa
- 7.8.1 Amoebic infections
- 7.8.2 Malaria
- 7.8.3 Babesiosis
- 7.8.4 Toxoplasmosis
- 7.8.5 <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and cryptosporidiosis
- 7.8.6 <i>Cyclospora</i> and cyclosporiasis
- 7.8.7 Sarcocystosis (sarcosporidiosis)
- 7.8.8 Giardiasis, balantidiasis, isosporiasis, and microsporidiosis
- 7.8.9 <i>Blastocystis hominis</i> infection
- 7.8.10 Human African trypanosomiasis
- 7.8.11 Chagas disease
- 7.8.12 Leishmaniasis
- 7.8.13 Trichomoniasis
- 7.9 Nematodes (roundworms)
- 7.10 Cestodes (tapeworms)
- 7.11 Trematodes (flukes)
- 7.12 Nonvenomous arthropods
- 7.13 Pentastomiasis (porocephalosis, linguatulosis/linguatuliasis)
- 8 Sexually transmitted diseases and sexual health
- 9 Chemical and physical injuries and environmental factors and disease
- 10 Clinical pharmacology
- 11 Nutrition
- 12 Metabolic disorders
- 13 Endocrine disorders
- 14 Medical disorders in pregnancy
- 15 Gastroenterological disorders
- 16 Cardiovascular disorders
- 17 Critical care medicine
- 18 Respiratory disorders
- 19 Rheumatological disorders
- 20 Disorders of the skeleton
- 21 Disorders of the kidney and urinary tract
- 22 Disorders of the blood
- 23 Disorders of the skin
- 24 Neurological disorders
- 25 The eye
- 26 Psychiatry and drug related problems
- 27 Forensic medicine
- 28 Sports medicine
- 29 Geratology
- 30 Pain
- 31 Palliative medicine
- 32 Biochemistry in medicine
- 33 Acute medicine
Malaria
- Chapter:
- Malaria
- Author(s):
David A. Warrell
, Janet Hemingway
, Kevin Marsh
, Robert E. Sinden
, Geoffrey A. Butcher
, and Robert W. Snow
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.070802_update_001
Update:
Epidemiology—decreasing global mortality, estimated at 655 000 deaths in 2010, 26% lower than in 2000; mortality in India variously estimated at between 2000 and 277 000.
Parasite biology—new data on merozoite invasion.
Plasmodium ovale—two species distinguished: Plasmodium ovale curtisi (classic) and P. o. wallikeri (variant).
Plasmodium gaboni sp. nov.—found in chimpanzees in Gabon, close to P. falciparum and P. reichenowi and might infect humans.
Plasmodium vivax—increasing evidence of severe infections.
Mosquitoes—increasing pyrethroid kdr resistance and threat to the bed net campaign.
Malaria-induced immunosuppression—malaria causes bacteraemia in sub-Saharan Africa; mechanism of secondary nontyphoid salmonella infections.
Chemotherapy—artemisinin resistance, superiority of artesunate in African children, use of prereferral rectal artesunate.
Vaccine—controversial interim analysis of RTS,S/AS01vaccine phase III trial; volunteer trials of irradiated sporozoite vaccine.
According to WHO’s World Malaria Report for 2010, there were an estimated 216 million cases of malaria worldwide in 2010 with 655 000 deaths, 5% fewer than in 2009 and 26% fewer than in 2000. Africa accounted for 81% of the cases and 91% of deaths; 86% of the deaths were in children aged less than 5 years. Malaria remains endemic in 106 countries. Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burkina Faso, Mozambique, Ivory Coast, and Mali account for 60% of malaria deaths....
Access to the complete content on Oxford Medicine Online requires a subscription or purchase. Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts for each book and chapter without a subscription.
Please subscribe or login to access full text content.
If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code.
For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQs, and if you can't find the answer there, please contact us.
- 1 On being a patient
- 2 Modern medicine: foundations, achievements, and limitations
- 3 Global patterns of disease and medical practice
- 4 Cell biology
- 5 Immunological mechanisms
- 6 Principles of clinical oncology
- 7 Infection
- 7.1 Pathogenic microorganisms and the host
- 7.2 The patient with suspected infection
- 7.3 Immunization
- 7.4 Travel and expedition medicine
- 7.5 Viruses
- 7.6 Bacteria
- 7.7 Fungi (mycoses)
- 7.8 Protozoa
- 7.8.1 Amoebic infections
- 7.8.2 Malaria
- 7.8.3 Babesiosis
- 7.8.4 Toxoplasmosis
- 7.8.5 <i>Cryptosporidium</i> and cryptosporidiosis
- 7.8.6 <i>Cyclospora</i> and cyclosporiasis
- 7.8.7 Sarcocystosis (sarcosporidiosis)
- 7.8.8 Giardiasis, balantidiasis, isosporiasis, and microsporidiosis
- 7.8.9 <i>Blastocystis hominis</i> infection
- 7.8.10 Human African trypanosomiasis
- 7.8.11 Chagas disease
- 7.8.12 Leishmaniasis
- 7.8.13 Trichomoniasis
- 7.9 Nematodes (roundworms)
- 7.10 Cestodes (tapeworms)
- 7.11 Trematodes (flukes)
- 7.12 Nonvenomous arthropods
- 7.13 Pentastomiasis (porocephalosis, linguatulosis/linguatuliasis)
- 8 Sexually transmitted diseases and sexual health
- 9 Chemical and physical injuries and environmental factors and disease
- 10 Clinical pharmacology
- 11 Nutrition
- 12 Metabolic disorders
- 13 Endocrine disorders
- 14 Medical disorders in pregnancy
- 15 Gastroenterological disorders
- 16 Cardiovascular disorders
- 17 Critical care medicine
- 18 Respiratory disorders
- 19 Rheumatological disorders
- 20 Disorders of the skeleton
- 21 Disorders of the kidney and urinary tract
- 22 Disorders of the blood
- 23 Disorders of the skin
- 24 Neurological disorders
- 25 The eye
- 26 Psychiatry and drug related problems
- 27 Forensic medicine
- 28 Sports medicine
- 29 Geratology
- 30 Pain
- 31 Palliative medicine
- 32 Biochemistry in medicine
- 33 Acute medicine