Contents

Disclaimer

Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up to date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work. Except where otherwise stated, drug dosages and recommendations are for the non-pregnant adult who is not breastfeeding.

Show Summary Details
Page of

HTLV-1, HTLV-2, and associated diseases 

HTLV-1, HTLV-2, and associated diseases
Chapter:
HTLV-1, HTLV-2, and associated diseases
Author(s):

Kristien Verdonck

and Eduardo Gotuzzo

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.070525_update_001

Update:

More emphasis on infectious complications of HTLV-1; additional detail of occurrence and disease outcomes of HTLV-2.

Addition of recent information on HTLV-1 receptor, virological synapse, the regulatory protein HBZ, and FoxP3+CD4+ T cells.

Discussion on reliability of prevalence estimates.

Particle agglutination tests have gone out of use and are no longer mentioned.

The proposal of a fifth category of ATL has not been adopted widely and is no longer mentioned.

Addition of bronchiectasis to table.

Addition of potential treatment strategies proposed in the literature.

Enhanced discussion of infectious complications and non-HAM/TSP inflammatory conditions.

More detail on HTLV-2 disease outcomes.

Recent references have been added.

Updated on 31 May 2012. The previous version of this content can be found here.
Page of

PRINTED FROM OXFORD MEDICINE ONLINE (www.oxfordmedicine.com). © Oxford University Press, 2016. All Rights Reserved. Under the terms of the licence agreement, an individual user may print out a PDF of a single chapter of a title in Oxford Medicine Online for personal use (for details see Privacy Policy and Legal Notice).

date: 18 October 2019

Human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV)-1 and HTLV-2 belong to the genus Deltaretrovirus of the family Retroviridae. They only infect humans, produce a lifelong infection, and can be transmitted from mother to child, through sexual intercourse, and via cellular blood components. Both viruses are present in all continents. The highest HTLV-1 prevalence in the general population (10%) has been found in southern Japan. There are endemic foci of HTLV-2 among native Amerindians and Central African pygmy tribes. HTLV-2 is also frequent among injecting drug users. It is unclear why some infected people develop associated diseases while others remain asymptomatic....

Access to the complete content on Oxford Medicine Online requires a subscription or purchase. Public users are able to search the site and view the abstracts for each book and chapter without a subscription.

Please subscribe or login to access full text content.

If you have purchased a print title that contains an access token, please see the token for information about how to register your code.

For questions on access or troubleshooting, please check our FAQs, and if you can't find the answer there, please contact us.