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Arenaviruses 

Arenaviruses
Chapter:
Arenaviruses
Author(s):

J. ter Meulen

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199204854.003.070517_update_001

Update:

Viruses—new arenaviruses of uncertain pathogenicity isolated from animals and human.

Treatment—new pyrazine derivative antiviral agent showed preclinical activity against Junin, Machupo, and Guanarito viruses.

Updated on 31 May 2012. The previous version of this content can be found here.
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date: 18 November 2019

Arenaviruses are zoonotic RNA viruses that are distributed worldwide and are adapted to various rodent genera. Some are highly pathogenic and cause haemorrhagic fevers that are endemic in restricted regions of a few countries. Humans are thought to become infected mainly through inhalation of aerosolized rodent urine or dust particles to which infectious urine has dried, or by ingestion of contaminated foodstuff: prevention therefore depends on rodent control and avoidance of contact with rodents, their excreta, and nesting materials....

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