Complications of axial spondyloarthritis
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780198755296.003.0009
In addition to the well-recognized extra-articular manifestations (EAMs) of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), this condition can also be associated with a number of clinically important complications. While EAMs are considered part of the spondyloarthritis (SpA), the complications are generally a consequence of having the disease. Patients with AS are at increased risk of osteoporosis and spinal fractures. The latter may occur after seemingly minor trauma and may lead to significant neurological compromise. Other potential neurological complications include atlantoaxial subluxation and compressive radiculopathy or myelopathy. Cardiac complications include cardiovascular events, valvular disease, and conduction disturbances. Pulmonary disease in AS relates to parenchymal involvement or mechanical constraint from chest wall inflammation. Renal disease is generally rare in AS.
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