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Papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses 

Papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses
Chapter:
Papillomaviruses and polyomaviruses
Author(s):

Raphael P. Viscidi

, Chen Sabrina Tan

, and Carole Fakhry

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0094
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date: 07 March 2021

There are nearly 200 human papillomavirus types that infect epithelia of skin and mucous membranes. They infect only humans, and cause conditions including the following:

skin warts and verrucas, which are caused by types 1 and 2; infection initiated when, after minor skin abrasions, for example, the basal cells of the epithelium come in contact with infectious virus;

anogenital warts, which are caused by types 6 and 11; transmitted by direct sexual contact, these are the most common sexually transmitted infection; present clinically as multiple exophytic lesions or as subclinical flat lesions. They can be treated topically with podophyllin or imiquimod, or by ablative surgical methods. Recurrences are common. A highly efficacious prophylactic vaccine is available.

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