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Disorders of cranial nerves 

Disorders of cranial nerves
Chapter:
Disorders of cranial nerves
Author(s):

Robert D.M. Hadden

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0600
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date: 25 February 2021

The 12 cranial nerves are peripheral nerves except for the olfactory and optic nerves which are central nervous system tracts. Disorders of each nerve are discussed in turn, summarising the complex anatomy and many causes. The commonest single nerve disorders are anosmia due to head injury, eye movement disorders due to microvascular ischaemia of the oculomotor or abducens nerve, trigeminal neuralgia, and Bell's facial palsy. Multiple cranial nerves may be affected simultaneously by structural lesions at key locations such as skull foramina, and various inflammatory, neoplastic or infective causes.

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