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Malignancy-associated renal disease 

Malignancy-associated renal disease
Chapter:
Malignancy-associated renal disease
Author(s):

A. Neil Turner

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0499
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date: 25 February 2021

Malignancies can affect the kidneys by direct invasion, metabolic and remote effects of tumour products, deposition of tumour products, triggering of immune reactions, and effects of treatment.

Particular malignancy-associated renal diseases include the following:

Thrombotic microangiopathy—particularly reported for malignancies of the stomach, pancreas, and prostate, and also with certain chemotherapeutic agents.

Minimal-change nephrotic syndrome—rarely caused by lymphoma.

Membranous nephropathy—associated with malignancy, usually of solid organs, in 5 to 11% of cases. Malignant disease is typically advanced and obvious when nephrotic syndrome or heavy proteinuria is recognized. Very few treatable and otherwise subclinical tumours are uncovered by investigation in routine clinical practice.

Focal necrotizing and crescentic nephritis—may rarely be associated with malignancy, when they are usually antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody negative.

Proteinuria—may be caused by agents that modulate interferons or vascular endothelial growth factors.

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