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Spondyloarthritis and related conditions 

Spondyloarthritis and related conditions
Chapter:
Spondyloarthritis and related conditions
Author(s):

Jürgen Braun

, and Joachim Sieper

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0447
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date: 05 March 2021

The spondyloarthritides are a group of common inflammatory rheumatic diseases with predominant involvement of axial and peripheral joints and entheses, together with other characteristic clinical features, including inflammatory back pain, sacroiliitis, peripheral arthritis (mainly in the legs), enthesitis, dactylitis, preceding infection of the urogenital/gastrointestinal tract, psoriatic skin lesions, Crohn-like gut lesions, anterior uveitis, and a family history of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Five subsets can be distinguished on clinical grounds: (1) axial SpA, including ankylosing spondylitis; (2) reactive (spondylo)arthritis/Reiter’s syndrome; (3) psoriatic (spondylo)arthritis; (4) (spondylo)arthritis associated with inflammatory bowel diseases; and (5) undifferentiated peripheral SpA. Prevalence in any population correlates roughly with that of HLA B27, but the relevance of this to pathogenesis is not known. Another more recent approach is to differentiate the SpA on the basis of the predominant clinical manifestation: predominant axial and/or peripheral SpA.

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