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Lung transplantation 

Lung transplantation
Chapter:
Lung transplantation
Author(s):

P. Hopkins

, and A.J. Fisher

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0435
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date: 25 February 2021

Lung transplantation offers the only therapeutic option for many patients with end-stage pulmonary and cardiopulmonary diseases, but donors are scarce and the major challenge facing lung transplantation (as with all solid organ transplants) is the shortage of donor organs.

Emphysema/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and pulmonary vascular disease are the main disease groups referred for lung transplantation. Most suitable patients are listed for transplantation when their 2-year survival is estimated to be less than 50% without transplantation. Almost all organs come from cadaveric donors who have sustained brainstem death, but an increasing proportion come after withdrawal of life support leads to cardiac death in those who have sustained irreversible cardiac or neurological injury. Ideal donors have satisfactory lung function and are free of systemic infection and disease. Donor/recipient matching is on the basis of ABO blood group, and size.

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