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Eosinophilic pneumonia 

Eosinophilic pneumonia
Chapter:
Eosinophilic pneumonia
Author(s):

S. J. Bourke

, and G.P. Spickett

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0422
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date: 02 March 2021

Eosinophilic pneumonia is characterized by eosinophilic inflammation of the alveoli, usually with an accompanying eosinophilia of peripheral blood. The diagnosis should be considered when infiltrates on a chest radiograph are associated with blood eosinophilia, and is confirmed by demonstrating an excess of eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Before concluding that the cause is ‘idiopathic’, the following must be considered: parasitic infestation with blood-borne parasites such as (in tropical eosinophilia) filarial worms; adverse drug reaction; asthma; allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis; vasculitis, notably eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (previously known as Churg–Strauss syndrome); hypereosinophilic syndrome, a rare haematological disorder; and other disorders known to be associated with eosinophilic pneumonia. Causal factors need to be treated, but eosinophilic pneumonia otherwise often responds well to corticosteroid medication.

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