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Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections 

Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections
Chapter:
Epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections
Author(s):

David Mabey

, and Anita Vas-Falcao

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780198746690.003.0188
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date: 07 March 2021

Although accurate incidence figures are not available in most countries, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a large cause of morbidity worldwide. The burden falls especially heavily on women and infants, with up to half a million perinatal deaths attributable to syphilis annually. Mobile populations, those with many sexual partners, and those whose partners have many partners are at increased risk, and the prevalence of treatable STIs is many times higher in poor populations. Other STIs, especially those that cause genital ulceration, increase the risk of HIV transmission. In Western countries, the reported incidence of many STIs fell during the 1980s and 1990s, probably as a result of changes in sexual behaviour resulting from the HIV epidemic, but has increased subsequently. Although accurate data are not available from most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), there is no doubt that STIs are more prevalent in the developing world.

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