Osteonecroses and Osteochondroses
- DOI:
- 10.1093/med/9780190938178.003.0116
Chapter 115, entitled “Osteonecroses and Osteochondroses,” discusses the pathophysiology, clinical findings, imaging findings, and treatment of osteonecrosis (ON) of bone, including epiphyseal ON and bone infarcts. It also discusses the osteochondroses including Legg–Calvé-Perthes, osteochondritis dissecans, Blount, Panner, Osgood-Schlatter, Sinding-Larsen-Johansson, and Köhler diseases and Freiberg infraction. ON occurs from an ischemic insult to bone with subsequent death of the hematopoietic, osteoblastic, osteoclastic, and fat cells. Osteochondroses comprise a variety of diseases involving epiphyses or apophyses in children with epiphyseal or apophyseal fragmentation and increased sclerosis. Initial evaluation for ON and osteochondrosis is typically with radiographs. MRI is the study of choice when radiographic findings are not diagnostic.
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