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Penetrating Brain Injuries 

Penetrating Brain Injuries
Chapter:
Penetrating Brain Injuries
Author(s):

Zachary L. Hickman

and Konstantinos Margetis

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780190936259.003.0018
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date: 02 July 2022

Penetrating brain injury (PBI) may result from missiles (high velocity) or non-missiles (low velocity), with the latter having a better prognosis and more frequently resulting in favorable patient outcomes. Certain risks, complications, and management principles are common across all types of PBI. These include the potential for the development of mass lesions, cerebral edema, and neurological deterioration, as well as a high risk of concomitant cerebrovascular injury, CSF leak, infection, and posttraumatic seizures. In most cases, urgent surgical treatment is warranted to mitigate these associated risks. This chapter will focus primarily on the assessment, diagnostic workup, decision making, and management of non-missile and low-velocity PBI.

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