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Abdominal Distention 

Abdominal Distention
Chapter:
Abdominal Distention
Author(s):

Megha Rajpal

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780190865412.003.0039
Page of

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date: 16 June 2019

This chapter presents the case of a young burn victim who developed secondary abdominal compartment syndrome from fluid resuscitation. It discusses the difference between intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS). It also reviews the rule of nines to calculate the percentage of body surface area burned and the Parkland formula to calculate fluid requirements in burn victims. Key management points include recognizing that patients receiving aggressive fluid resuscitation are at risk for development of IAH and ACS and knowledge of the clinical signs (low urine output, increased peak pressures, decreased tidal volumes, and hypotension) and risk factors of ACS.

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