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Malignant Diseases in HIV 

Malignant Diseases in HIV
Chapter:
Malignant Diseases in HIV
Author(s):

Nora Oliver

and Elizabeth Chiao

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780190493097.003.0033
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date: 29 October 2020

Malignancies were one of the earliest recognized manifestations that led to the eventual description of the AIDS epidemic. Kaposi’s sarcoma was one of the first entities described in association with AIDS. Subsequently, intermediate-grade and high-grade non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, invasive cervical cancer, and primary central nervous system lymphoma were defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as “AIDS-defining conditions.” Since the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy, several other cancers that are not AIDS-defining have been found to have an increased incidence in patients with HIV. These include, but are not limited to, Hodgkin’s disease and anal, liver, lung, oropharyngeal, colorectal, and renal cancers. They are generally referred to as “non-AIDS-defining cancers.” The increasing longevity of persons living with HIV as well as concurrent modifiable risk factors such as tobacco use may also influence the epidemiology of these malignancies.

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