50 Studies Every Intensivist Should Know

50 Studies Every Intensivist Should Know

Edited by Edward A. Bittner

Abstract

There has been an explosion of clinical trials in critical care medicine since the inception of the specialty more than 50 years ago. This explosion has made it challenging as a trainee in critical care medicine to gain expertise in evidence based medicine. Determining how best to care for patients and understanding the basis for our practice is a never-ending process for all clinicians and it is particularly daunting for trainees. Even for the practicing intensivist, feeling confident in one’s knowledge base of foundational studies in the ever-growing field of critical care practice is no easy task.50 Studies Every Intensivist Should Know presents key studies that have shaped the practice of critical care medicine. Selected using a rigorous methodology, the studies cover topics including: sedation and analgesia, resuscitation, shock, ARDS, nutrition, renal failure, trauma, infection, diabetes, and physical therapy. For each study, a concise summary is presented with an emphasis on the results and limitations of the study, and its implications for practice. An illustrative clinical case concludes each review, followed by brief information on other relevant studies. Selection of studies that emphasize topics that come up frequently on ICU rounds was a priority. This book is a must-read for health care professionals and anyone who wants to learn more about the data behind clinical practice.

Bibliographic Information

Publisher:: Oxford University Press

Print Publication Date:: Jan 2018

Print ISBN-13:: 9780190467654

Published online:: Feb 2018

DOI:: 10.1093/med/9780190467654.001.0001

Author

Edward A. Bittner, editor Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology; Program Director, Critical Care Medicine Fellowship, Harvard Medical School; Massachusetts General Hospital

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Front Matter
Section 1 Neurologic, Sedation, and Analgesia
- 1 Mild Therapeutic Hypothermia to Improve the Neurologic Outcome after Cardiac Arrest: The HACA Trial Ala Nozari
- 2 Decompressive Craniectomy in Diffuse Traumatic Brain Injury: The DECRA Trial Merrick E. Miles and Avinash B. Kumar
- 3 Daily Interruption of Sedative Infusions in Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation David Stahl
- 4 A Comparison of Four Treatments for Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus Jason L. Sanders and Jarone Lee
- 5 Efficacy and Safety of a Paired Sedation and Ventilator Weaning Protocol for Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care: A Randomized Controlled Trial (The ABC Trial) Jeffery Katz and Steve Greenberg
- 6 A Protocol of No Sedation for Critically Ill Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: A Randomized Trial Ulrich Schmidt and Zeb McMillan
- 7 Intracranial Pressure Monitoring in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Thomas Peponis and David R. King
Section 2 Cardiovascular, Resuscitation, Shock
- 8 Early Goal-Directed Therapy in the Treatment of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: The EGDT Trial Namita Jayaprakash and Joseph Hyder
- 9 Lactate Clearance versus Central Venous Oxygen Saturation as Goals of Early Sepsis Therapy Marc de Moya and Leandra Krowsoski
- 10 Efficacy and Safety of Recombinant Human Activated Protein C for Severe Sepsis: The PROWESS Study Anna M. Ward and Richard M. Pino
- 11 Saline versus Albumin for Resuscitation of Critically Ill Adults: The SAFE Study Craig S. Jabaley
- 12 The Use of the Pulmonary Artery Catheter in Critical Care: The PAC-Man Trial Shahzad Shaefi and Ameeka Pannu
- 13 Vasopressin versus Norepinephrine Infusion in Patients with Septic Shock: The VASST Karim Fikry
- 14 Comparison of Dopamine and Norepinephrine in the Treatment of Shock: The SOAP II Trial Daniel W. Johnson
- 15 CPR with Chest Compression Alone or with Rescue Breathing Christopher “Kit” Tainter and Gabriel Wardi
- 16 Advanced Heart Failure Treated with Continuous-Flow Left Ventricular Assist Device David M. Dudzinski and James Sawalla Guseh
- 17 Intraaortic Balloon Support in Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock Samuel Bernard and David M. Dudzinski
- 18 Angioplasty versus Fibrinolytics in Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The DANAMI-2 Trial Bryan Simmons
Section 3 Pulmonary, ARDS
- 19 The Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network: Ventilation with Lower Tidal Volumes as Compared with Traditional Tidal Volumes for Acute Lung Injury and the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Laleh Jalilian and Jeanine Wiener-Kronish
- 20 Neuromuscular Blockers in Early Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Duncan McLean and Matthias Eikermann
- 21 Prone Positioning in Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: The PROSEVA Trial Andrea Coppadoro and Guiseppe Foti
- 22 Efficacy and Economic Assessment of Conventional Ventilatory Support versus Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Adult Respiratory Failure (CESAR): A Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial Matthew Sigakis
- 23 Comparison of Two Fluid-Management Strategies in Acute Lung Injury: The FACTT Trial Ross Gaudet and Rebecca Kalman
- 24 Positive End-Expiratory Pressure Setting in Adults with ALI and ARDS: The ExPress Trial J. Aaron Scott and Vivek Moitra
- 25 Efficacy and Safety of Corticosteroids for Persistent Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Sean Levy and Ednan Bajwa
- 26 Effect of Early versus Late Tracheostomy Placement on Survival in Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: The TracMan Trial J. Michael Guthrie and Vadim Gudzenko
- 27 Using Esophageal Pressures to Improve Oxygenation and Compliance in Acute Lung Injury Connie Wang and Edward Bittner
- 28 A Comparison of Four Methods of Weaning Patients from Mechanical Ventilation Sheri Berg and Archit Sharma
- 29 Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute COPD Exacerbations Robert Loflin and David Kaufman
- 30 High-Frequency Oscillation in Early Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Susan R. Wilcox and Haitham S. Al Ashry
Section 4 Gastrointestinal/Nutrition
- 31 Risk Factors for Gastrointestinal Bleeding in Critically Ill Patients Miguel Cobas and Melissa Grillo
- 32 Early versus Late Parenteral Nutrition in the ICU: The EPaNIC (Early Parenteral Nutrition Completing Enteral Nutrition in Adult Critically Ill Patients) Trial D. Dante Yeh
- 33 Initial Trophic versus Full Enteral Feeding in Patients with Acute Lung Injury: The EDEN Randomized Trial Milad Sharifpour and Pedro Mendez-Tellez
- 34 Early versus On-Demand Nasoenteric Tube Feeding in Acute Pancreatitis Peter J. Fagenholz
- 35 Glutamine and Antioxidants in Critically Ill Patients: The REDOXS Trial Yuk Ming Liu and Jarone Lee
Section 5 Renal
- 36 Low-Dose Dopamine in Patients with Early Renal Dysfunction Tao Shen
- 37 Intensity of Renal Support in Critically Ill Patients with Acute Kidney Injury Eric Ehieli and Yuriy Bronshteyn
- 38 Continuous Venovenous Hemodiafiltration versus Intermittent Hemodialysis for Acute Renal Failure in Patients with Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: A Multicenter Randomized Trial Christina Anne Jelly and Edward Bittner
Section 6 Hematologic
- 39 A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial of Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care: The Transfusion Requirements in Critical Care (TRICC) Trial Joseph R. Guenzer and Andrew Vardanian
- 40 Reducing Mortality Among Bleeding Trauma Patients with Tranexamic Acid: The CRASH-2 (Clinical Randomization of an Antifibrinolytic in Significant Hemorrhage-2) Randomized Controlled Trial Haytham M. A. Kaafarani
- 41 Transfusion of plasma, platelets, and Red Blood Cells in a 1:1:1 versus a 1:1:2 Ration and Mortality in Patients with Severe Trauma: The PROPPR Randomized Clinical Trial Yuk Ming Liu and Kathryn Butler
Section 7 Infectious
- 42 Comparison of 8 versus 15 Days of Antibiotic Therapy for Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Adults: A Randomized Trial Laurie O. Mark and Jean Kwo
- 43 Bronchoscopy with Bronchoalveolar Lavage versus Endotracheal Aspiration for the Diagnosis of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Samad Rasul and David C. Kaufman
- 44 Randomized Trial of Combination versus Monotherapy for the Empiric Treatment of Suspected Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Kimberly Pollock and Angela Meier
- 45 Use of Procalcitonin to Reduce Patients’ Exposure to Antibiotics in Intensive Care Units (PRORATA Trial): A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Alice Gallo De Moraes and Dante Schiavo
- 46 Nasopharyngeal and Oropharyngeal Decontamination to Prevent Nosocomial Infection in Cardiac Surgery Patients Jose L. Diaz-Gomez and Sarah W. Robison
- 47 An Intervention to Decrease Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in the ICU: The Keystone ICU Project Courtney Maxey-Jones and Edward Bittner
Section 8 Endocrine
- 48 The Normoglycemia in Intensive Care Evaluation: Survival Using Glucose Algorithm Regulation (NICE-SUGAR) Trial Daniel J. Niven and Henry T. Stelfox
- 49 Hydrocortisone Therapy for Patients with Septic Shock: The CORTICUS Trial Ryan J. Horvath and Edward Bittner
Section 9 Musculoskeletal
- 50 Daily Interruption of Sedation with Physical and Occupational Therapy in Mechanically Ventilated Patients Michael Wolfe and Daniel Saddawi-Konefka
End Matter
- Index

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Edited by Edward A. Bittner

Abstract

Bibliographic Information

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