50 Studies Every Internist Should Know

50 Studies Every Internist Should Know

Edited by Kristopher Swiger, Joshua Thomas, Michael Hochman, and Steven Hochman

Abstract

This online resource presents key studies that have shaped the practice of internal medicine. Selected using a rigorous methodology, the studies cover various specialty areas, including preventative medicine, endocrinology, hematology and oncology, musculoskeletal diseases, nephrology, gastroenterology, infectious diseases, cardiology, pulmonology, geriatrics and palliative care, and mental health. For each study, a concise summary is presented with an emphasis on the results and limitations of the study, and its implications for practice. An illustrative clinical case concludes each review, followed by brief information on other relevant studies.

Bibliographic Information

Publisher:: Oxford University Press

Print Publication Date:: Jan 2015

Print ISBN-13:: 9780199349937

Published online:: Apr 2016

DOI:: 10.1093/med/9780199349937.001.0001

Authors

Kristopher Swiger, editor Resident Physician, Internal Medicine, The John Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland

Joshua Thomas, editor Cardiology Fellow, Pediatrics and Adult Congenital HD, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio

Michael Hochman, editor Medical Director for Innovation, AltaMed Health Services, Los Angeles, California

Steven Hochman, editor Medical Student, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California

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Front Matter
Section 1 Preventive Medicine
- 1 Preventing Diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention ProgramMichael E. Hochman
- 2 Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Steven D. Hochman
- 3 Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: The Physicians’ Health Study and the Women’s Health Study Michael E. Hochman
- 4 Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: The Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Michael E. Hochman
- 5 The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography Michael E. Hochman
- 6 The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC)Michael E. Hochman
- 7 Screening for Lung Cancer with Low-Dose Computed Tomography versus Chest Radiography: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST)Kathryn White
Section 2 Endocrinology
Section 3 Hematology and Oncology
- 12 Choice of Anticoagulant for Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer: The CLOT TrialLaalitha Surapaneni
- 13 Vena Cava Filters in the Prevention of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients with Proximal Deep Vein ThrombosisLaalitha Surapaneni
- 14 Phase I Study of Imatinib (STI571) in Patients with Chronic Myeloid LeukemiaJoshua R. Thomas
Section 4 Musculoskeletal Diseases
- 15 Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Low Back PainMichael E. Hochman
- 16 Early Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis: The TICORA StudyKathryn White
Section 5 Nephrology
- 17 Revascularization versus Medical Therapy for Renal Artery Stenosis: The ASTRAL TrialSteven D. Hochman
- 18 Correcting Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: The CHOIR TrialThomas Kriley
- 19 Early versus Late Initiation of Dialysis: The IDEAL StudyMichael E. Hochman
Section 6 Gastroenterology
- 20 Use of IV Albumin in Patients with Cirrhosis and Spontaneous Bacterial PeritonitisSteven D. Hochman
- 21 Early Use of Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) in Patients with Cirrhosis and Variceal BleedingAdel Boueiz
Section 7 Infectious Diseases
- 22 Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections among Patients in the Emergency DepartmentLaalitha Surapaneni
- 23 Antibiotic Therapy in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseKristopher J. Swiger
- 24 Early versus Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients with HIV: The NA-ACCORD StudyMichael E. Hochman
Section 8 Cardiology
- 25 Statins in Healthy Patients with an Elevated C-Reactive Protein: The JUPITER TrialMichael E. Hochman
- 26 The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S)William Butron
- 27 Choosing First-Line Therapy for Hypertension: The ALLHAT TrialMichael E. Hochman
- 28 Rate Control versus Rhythm Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The AFFIRM TrialMichael E. Hochman
- 29 Initial Treatment of Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The COURAGE TrialMichael E. Hochman
- 30 Early Invasive versus Conservative Management for Unstable Angina or Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The RITA 3 TrialLavanya Kondapalli
- 31 Prophylactic Defibrillator Implantation in Patients with Low Ejection Fraction following Myocardial Infarction: The MADIT II TrialJoshua R. Thomas
- 32 Captopril in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction: The SAVE TrialVimal Ramjee
- 33 Spironolactone in Advanced Heart Failure: The RALES TrialVimal Ramjee
- 34 The African American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT)Michael E. Hochman
- 35 Intra-Aortic Balloon Support for Myocardial Infarction with Cardiogenic Shock: The IABP-SHOCK II TrialSteven D. Hochman
Section 9 Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- 36 Intensive versus Conventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patients: The NICE-SUGAR StudyKristopher J. Swiger
- 37 Red Cell Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients: The TRICC TrialMichael E. Hochman
- 38 Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseAdel Boueiz
- 39 Low Tidal Volume Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/Acute Lung Injury: The ARDSNet TrialKristopher J. Swiger
- 40 Comparison of Routine versus On-Demand Chest Radiographs in Mechanically Ventilated Adults in the Intensive Care UnitAdel Boueiz
- 41 Early Goal-Directed Therapy in SepsisMichael E. Hochman
- 42 Dopamine versus Norepinephrine in the Treatment of ShockAdel Boueiz
- 43 Daily Interruption of Sedative Infusions in Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Mechanical VentilationLaalitha Surapaneni
- 44 A Comparison of Four Methods of Weaning Patients from Mechanical VentilationLaalitha Surapaneni
Section 10 Geriatrics and Palliative Care
- 45 Behavioral versus Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia in the ElderlyMichael E. Hochman
- 46 Treatment of Hypertension in the Elderly: The HYVET TrialKristopher J. Swiger
- 47 Use of Feeding Tubes in Patients with DementiaSteven D. Hochman
- 48 Early Palliative Care in Non-Small-Cell Lung CancerMichael E. Hochman
Section 11 Mental Health
- 49 Initial Treatment of DepressionMichael E. Hochman
- 50 Symptom-Triggered versus Fixed-Dose Therapy for Alcohol WithdrawalKristopher J. Swiger
End Matter
- Index

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Edited by Kristopher Swiger, Joshua Thomas, Michael Hochman, and Steven Hochman

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50 Studies Every Internist Should Know

Edited by Kristopher Swiger, Joshua Thomas, Michael Hochman, and Steven Hochman

Abstract

Bibliographic Information

Authors

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Contents