Fundamentals of HIV Medicine 2021

W. David Hardy

Fundamentals of HIV Medicine 2021

W. David Hardy
W. David HardyAdjunct Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineClose

Abstract

This book discusses the global prevalence as well as the geographic distribution of HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections and updates on recent shared global initiatives. The demographic trends in HIV in the United States, especially regarding gender, sexuality, race, ethnicity, age, injection-drug use, socioeconomic status, and recent initiatives are reviewed. Special attention is paid to HIV among communities of color, as well as women, children, and adolescences. The role of HIV in men who have sex with men and the transgender community is reviewed in detail. HIV Testing and Counselling lists and describes the various types of HIV testing available. The book also presents an overview of HIV counselling. HIV testing terminology and algorithms are presented to the reader along with descriptive figures. Laboratory markers for HIV are reviewed. The chapter describes who should be tested, as well as pre and post-test counselling elements. A section of the chapter is dedicated to special populations and environments (blood supply screening, prenatal screening, testing settings) Strategies to improve uptake of HIV testing are discussed.

Bibliographic Information

Publisher:: Oxford University Press

Print Publication Date:: Jun 2021

Print ISBN-13:: 9780197576595

Published online:: Jun 2021

DOI:: 10.1093/med/9780197576595.001.0001

Author

W. David Hardy, author Adjunct Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine

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Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up to date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work. Except where otherwise stated, drug dosages and recommendations are for the non-pregnant adult who is not breastfeeding.

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Front Matter
- Target Audience
- Overall Learning Objectives
- Faculty
- Disclosure of Conflicts of Interest
- Disclosure of Unlabeled Use
1. Ending the HIV Epidemic: A Plan for American Initiatives in the USBenjamin Sokoloff, Tri Minh Trang, and Thanh Thu Ngo
2. Epidemiology and the Spread of HIV Philip Bolduc, Victoria Chew, Hannah Girard, and Craig Steven Weeks
3. The Origin, Evolution, and Epidemiology of HIV-1 and HIV-2Jeffrey T. Kirchner
4. Mechanisms of HIV TransmissionPuja H. Nambiar
5. HIV Transmission PreventionCarolyn Chu, Katrina Baumgartner, and Christopher M. Bositis
6. ImmunologyDennis J. Hartigan-O’Connor and Christian Brander
7. HIV Testing and CounselingAlejandro Delgado
8. Laboratory Testing Strategies, Detection, and DiagnosisAlonso D. Pezo Salazar and Jessica A. Meisner
9. Initial Evaluation of the Person Living with HIV: History, Physical Examination, and Laboratory EvaluationEsteban A. DelPilar-Morales and Daniel J. Skiest
10. Health MaintenanceRamiz Kseri
11. Diversity and Health DisparitiesGary F. Spinner, Renata Arrington-Sanders, Leah Spatafore, Zil Garner Goldstein, Maddie Deutsch, Angela Kapalko, Rachel A. Prosser, Abby Davids, Deliana Garcia, Claire Hutkins Seda, and Laszlo Madaras
12. Complementary and Alternative Medicine/Integrative Medicine ApproachesAshka Patel and Kalpana D. Shere-Wolfe
13. HIV Care CoordinationAmanda A. Westlake, Sally Spencer-Long, and Daniel J. Skiest
14. The Pharmacist’s Role in HIV CareJennifer Cocohoba
15. Palliative Care and End-of-Life SupportPaul W. DenOuden
16. Virology and Natural History of HIVPoonam Mathur
17. Scientific Basis of Antiretroviral TherapyDavid E. Koren, Neha Sheth Pandit, and Emily Heil
18. Prescribing Antiretroviral TherapyPoonam Mathur, Maria Veronica Bandres, Saira Ajmal, Zelalem Temesgen, and David E. Koren
19. The HIV Reservoir and Cure and Remission Strategies Rajesh T. Gandhi, Boris Juelg, Nikolaus Jilg, Niyati Jakharia, and Rohit Talwani
20. Antiretroviral Resistance: Evaluation and Clinical ManagementCarolyn Chu, Lealah Pollock, and Robert Shafer
21. Antiretrovirals During and After Hospitalization, Including Bariatric SurgeryDavid E. Koren
22. Solid Organ Transplantation in Persons with HIVChristine M. Durand
23. Select Topics in the Care of Women with HIVTheresa Christensen, Jason J. Schafer, and William R. Short
24. Antiretroviral Therapy for Children and NewbornsKarin Nielsen-Saines
25. Understanding and Managing Antineoplastic and Antiretroviral TherapyJason J. Schafer, Elizabeth M. Sherman, and Taylor K. Gill
26. Substance Use in HIV PopulationsElizabeth H. David and Thanh Thuy Truong
27. Caring for Older People with HIVAroonsiri Sangarlangkarn Howell, John D. Zeuli, and Anchalee Avihingsanon
28. Opportunistic InfectionsLisa Y. Armitage, Karen J. Vigil, and Manali Pednekar
29. Malignancies in HIVEva H. Clark and Elizabeth Y. Chiao
30. Dermatologic Complications of HIVKudakwashe Mutyambizi and Philip Bolduc
31. Endocrine and Metabolic DisordersRajagopal V. Sekhar
32. Non-opportunistic Infections: Respiratory ComplicationsPriyanka Chakrabarti
33. Psychiatric Illness and Treatment in HIV PopulationsElizabeth H. David and Erica Taylor
34. Neurologic Effects of HIV InfectionRodrigo Hasbun and Joseph S. Kass
35. HIV and Hepatitis CoinfectionKaren J. Vigil
36. The COVID-19 Pandemic and HIVRichard C. Prokesch
37. Sexually Transmitted DiseasesKaren J. Vigil
38. Cardiovascular DiseaseJeffrey T. Kirchner
39. Renal ComplicationsJonathan Lim, Steven Menez, and Derek M. Fine
40. HIV and Bone HealthEdgar T. Overton
41. HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy and LipoatrophyRajagopal V. Sekhar
42. Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS)Dagan Coppock
43. US Healthcare Systems, HIV Programs, and Coverage Policy IssuesBruce J. Packett, II
44. Legal IssuesJeffrey T. Schouten
45. Research Design and AnalysisSarah A. Rojas and Christian B. Ramers
46. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Trials, Institutional Review Boards, Informed Consent, and Financial Conflicts of InterestAdam C. Bortner and Christian B. Ramers
End Matter
- Index

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W. David Hardy
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W. David Hardy W. David HardyAdjunct Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineClose

Abstract

Bibliographic Information

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Contents

W. David Hardy
W. David HardyAdjunct Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineClose