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Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review$
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Mayo Clinic Internal Medicine Board Review (9 ed.)

Edited by Amit Ghosh, MD

Publisher:
Oxford University Press
Print Publication Date:
Aug 2010
Print ISBN-13:
9780199755691
Published to Oxford Medicine:
Jun 2012
DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199755691.001.0001
© Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research

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Oxford University Press makes no representation, express or implied, that the drug dosages in this book are correct. Readers must therefore always check the product information and clinical procedures with the most up to date published product information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulations. The authors and the publishers do not accept responsibility or legal liability for any errors in the text or for the misuse or misapplication of material in this work. Except where otherwise stated, drug dosages and recommendations are for the non-pregnant adult who is not breastfeeding.

Contents

HIV Infection

Chapter:
HIV Infection
Author(s):

Zelalem Temesgen,

Mary J. Kasten

DOI:
10.1093/med/9780199755691.003.0357

Testing for HIV became available in the United States in 1985. Amazing gains in the understanding and treatment of HIV have been made during the past 25 years. HIV and other retroviruses cause a frequently symptomatic primary infection followed by a relatively asymptomatic period lasting months to years and a final stage of overt disease in most people. There are 2 types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. Most reported cases of HIV disease around the world are caused by HIV-1. HIV-2 is found predominantly in western Africa. Although HIV-1 and HIV-2 are clinically indistinguishable and have identical modes of transmission, HIV-2 appears to be less easily transmitted than HIV-1 and slower to progress to AIDS. Epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV are also reviewed.

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