Paediatrics

The Bedside Dysmorphologist is a thoughtful clinical guide to common--and often quite subtle--congenital malformations in clinical exam. Organized by area of the body, each section provides the user with a concise, illustrated roadmap for assessment and differential diagnosis of highly nuanced elements of dysmorphology. Narrated by a world-class clinical geneticist and enriched with a library of original photos, it provides a safety net for physicians encountering abnormalities in physical exam.Less

Child Health: a Population Perspective provides students with a multifaceted overview of the importance of child health as a population health strategy. Child health considers the determinants, interventions, and policies that affect health outcomes for the youngest segment of our population. Child health also recognizes that investments in our nation’s young have implications for the future workforce as well as adult health outcomes. Child Health: a Population Perspective is a foundational text for training future leaders in maternal and child health. The book provides perspectives in three key areas: current issues facing children in the United States, theoretical concepts behind understanding child health, and practical approaches to address child health in practice, including case studies. The authors also provide a historical perspective of how child health has developed in this country, as well as the impact of immigration and a global view of child health internationally. The authors have created a core text for maternal and child health or pediatrics courses in schools of public health, medicine, and nursing. Undergraduate students, pediatric residents, maternal and child health fellows, and practitioners in the field can benefit from this comprehensive yet concise book.Less

This extensively illustrated resource describes the most common malformations and draws from many sources the information needed for a full diagnostic evaluation and discussion of treatment options and genetic counseling. The text also covers minor anomalies, birthmarks and includes dozens of charts of anthropologic measurements, material that is needed in the initial physical examination to describe an infant's physical features. Less

Containing detailed summaries on a comprehensive range of clinical scenarios and conditions, and organised according to the different sub-specialities of community paediatrics, this resource is an ideal companion for anyone working with children in the community.Less

Providing both a clinical and scientific perspective on irritability in children, this new online resource is a timely look at recent developments in the field. Currently there is a lively scientific debate how irritability contributes to various psychopathological syndromes. The major classification systems are responding–DSM-5 has created a new diagnosis of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and ICD-11 is considering how to include irritability as an entity. Abnormal states of anger are a common reason for referral to child health services, and cause concern in clinics, schools, and families. Misdiagnosis and treatment can stem from a lack of understanding of the mechanisms involved in high levels of anger in children, and this title provides clear guidance on the development of abnormal states of anger, their consequences for later development, and how to assess and make differential diagnoses between them. Less

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, an inherited and progressive muscle wasting disease, is one of the most common single gene disorders found in the developed world. In this fourth edition of the classic monograph on the topic, Alan Emery and Francesco Muntoni are joined by Rosaline Quinlivan, Consultant in Neuromuscular Disorders, to provide a thorough update on all aspects of the disorder. Recent understanding of the nature of the genetic defect responsible for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and isolation of the protein dystrophin has led to the development of new theories for the disease's pathogenesis. This new edition incorporates these advances from the field of molecular biology, and describes the resultant opportunities for screening, prenatal diagnosis, genetic counselling and from recent pioneering work with anti-sense oligonucleotides, the possibility of effective RNA therapy. Although there is still no cure for the disorder, there have been significant developments concerning the gene basis, publication of standards of care guidelines, and improvements in management leading to significantly longer survival, particularly with cardio-pulmonary care. The authors also investigate other forms of pharmacological, cellular and gene therapies.Less

Emergencies in Children's and Young People's Nursing is a one-stop quick reference for children's and young people's nurses providing emergency care in the acute hospital setting.

The second edition of this essential handbook provides a practical, accessible guide to all emergency situations encountered in paediatrics and neonatology, from the immediately life-threatening to the smaller but urgent problems that may arise.Less

This established and successful resource continues to be essential reading for all health professionals who work with children, whether in the community or at the receiving end of referrals. It also provides vital background knowledge for those charged with the responsibility of planning, commissioning and monitoring alongside the most up to date evidence in a rapidly changing field.Less

Antimicrobial agents either kill (bactericidal) or inhibit (bacteriostatic) the growth of a microorganism by targeting specific unique bacterial sites or metabolic pathways. Common antibiotic adverse effects and toxicities include allergic reactions, numerous possible toxicities, alteration of human flora, drug interactions, and promoting of antibiotic resistance. Presumptive and empirical therapy relies on the clinical syndrome and anatomical site of infection. Factors to consider when choosing empirical therapy include identification of the organism, the estimated benefit to the patient, the probable susceptibility of the isolated (or suspected) pathogen based on laboratory results or local epidemiological parameters, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic considerations. Host factors, including age, immune deficiency status, and other underlying conditions, should always be considered when choosing an antibiotic. There are few absolute indications for the prophylactic use of antimicrobials, and this is one area where misuse is common. The susceptibility of common pathogens is often predictable, allowing adequate empirical treatment. The main driver for the development of antibiotic resistance is the inappropriate use of antibiotics. Bacteria may be naturally resistant or may acquire resistance by means of DNA mutation or acquisition of resistance-conferring DNA from another source (e.g. plasmids). Mechanisms of antibiotic resistance include chemical modification of antibiotics, reduced uptake into cells, active efflux from cells, target site modification, overproduction of antibiotic target, and metabolic bypass of inhibited reaction. Control of resistance may be achieved through adherence to prescribing guidelines, restriction policies that reduce the use of certain antibiotics, and antimicrobial stewardship programmes.Less